Notes and Queries_ Number 02_ November 10_ 1849 Various 374 downloads.pdf

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Notes and Queries, Number
02, November 10, 1849
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
will have to check the laws of the country where you are located
before using this eBook.

Title: Notes and Queries, Number 02, November 10, 1849

Author: Various

Release date: February 1, 2004 [eBook #11265]
Most recently updated: October 28, 2024

Language: English

Other information and formats: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11265

Credits: Produced by Jon Ingram, and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team.

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND
QUERIES, NUMBER 02, NOVEMBER 10, 1849 ***

NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,
ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

"When found, make a note of."—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

Price
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 10, Threepence.
No. 2.
1849. Stamped Edition
4d.

A FEW WORDS TO OUR FRIENDS.
In our opening Address we carefully avoided any thing at all approaching to
a boast of what we would, or even what we hoped to perform. We stated
that "we would rather give a specimen than a description." We are now in
like manner unwilling to point as exultingly, as we think we might, to the
position which we have already taken. But there is a vast difference
between vain boasting and the expression of an honest satisfaction; and it
would be worse than an affectation of humility—it would be a mean
hypocrisy—if we did not express heartily and unreservedly the gratitude we
owe and feel to those who have encouraged us by their friendly advice and
able pens. We have opened a Literary Exchange, and we have had the
gratification to see that men whose learning and talents the public recognise
—leaders in their several branches of inquiry—have at once taken
advantage of it. They have proved the necessity for some such medium of
communication, as well as their good-will to the one now offered to them,
by a gathering in its behalf which the public will respect, and of which we
may well feel proud.

Some whose good opinion we most value, and who have spoken most
warmly in favour of our plan, have proved the sincerity of their praise by
suggestions of improvement in its detail, and hints for its further extension.
They may feel assured that such hints and such suggestions shall not be lost
sight of. For instance, one respected correspondent hints that as we have
very properly adopted Dr. Maitland's suggestion with regard to Herbert's
edition of Ame's Typographical Antiquities, namely, that of "offering a
receptacle for illustrations, additions, and corrections," and invited "our
readers to take advantage of our columns to carry out Dr. Maitland's
suggestions," we should open our columns with equal readiness to the
correction and illustration of more modern and more popular works. We
entirely concur with him; but in reference to this subject there is a
distinction which must be borne in mind. Our own literature, like that of
every other country, consists of two classes of books. We have the books of
pretenders to knowledge, the hasty, crude, imperfect, but often for the time

attractive and popular volumes of the Ned Purdons of the day. These books
have a use—such as it is—and thus answer their purpose; but it would be
for the credit of our literature, and save a world of trouble, if they were
forgotten as soon as they had done so. To illustrate such books, to add to
their information or correct their blunders, would be useless and almost
ridiculous. They should be left to die of mere powerlessness and
exhaustion, or to wither under the wholesome influence of a just and manly
criticism.

But there are books of another kind—books which our worthy bibliopoles
designate as "standard works." These are the books of competent workmen
—books which are the result of honest labour and research, and which from
the moment of their publication assume a permanent station in our national
literature. Even in such books there are many things incomplete, many
things erroneous. But it is the interest of every man that such books should
be rendered as complete as possible; and whatever tends to illustrate or
correct works of that class will be sure of insertion in our columns.

We would point to Macaulay's England, and Hallam's Introduction to the
Literary History of the 15th, 16th, and 17th Centuries, his Middle Ages, and
his Constitutional History, and we may add, as illustrations of a different
kind, The Annals of the Stage of our excellent friend Mr. Collier, and The
Handbook of London of our valued contributor Mr. Peter Cunningham, as
examples of the sort of publications to which we allude. Such were the
books we had in our mind, when we spoke in our Prospectus of the
"NOTES AND QUERIES" becoming, through the inter-communication of
our literary friends, "a most useful supplement to works already in existence
—a treasury towards enriching future editions of them."

Another correspondent—a bibliographical friend—suggests that, for
various reasons, which bibliographers will appreciate, our Prospectus
should have a place in the body of our work. We believe that many of our
readers concur in a wish for its preservation, and it will therefore be found
in the Number now before them.

One suggestion again urges us to look carefully to Foreign Literature, and
another points out the propriety of our making our paper as British as
possible, so that our topographical facts should, as far as practicable, be

restricted to the illustration of British counties, and our biographical ones to
such as should contribute towards a Biographia Brittanica.

All these, and many other expressions of sympathy and promises of
support, poured in upon us within a few hours after our birth. No one of
them shall be forgotten; and if for a time our pages seem to indicate that we
have made a QUERY as to the adoption of any suggestion, let our kind
contributors be assured that there is no hint which reaches us, whether at
present practicable or not, that we do not seriously and thankfully "make a
NOTE of."

BISHOP AYLMER'S LETTER, AND THE
POEM ON THE ARMADA.
As I am in a condition to answer the inquiry of your "Hearty Well-wisher,"
on p. 12 of your last Number of "NOTES AND QUERIES," I proceed to
give him the information he asks. I shall be happy if what follows is of any
use to your correspondent, taking it for granted that he is as zealous for your
success as his signature indicates.

The "foolish rhyme," to which the attention of the Bishop of London had
been directed by Lord Burghley, has the subsequent doggrel title:—

"A Skeltonicall Salvtation,
Or condigne gratvlation,
And iust vexation
Of the Spanishe nation,
That in a bravado
Spent many a crvsado,
In setting forth an armado
England to invado."

This is as the title stands in the Oxford impression (of which I never saw
more than one copy, because, we may presume, it was suppressed by the
authorities of the University), and the following is the imprint at the bottom
of it:—"Printed at Oxford by Ioseph Barnes, and are to bee sold in Paules
Churchyard, at the signe of the Tygres head, 1589."

There exists several exemplars of the London edition—"Imprinted at
London for Toby Cooke, 1589,"—the title-page of which, as well as the rest
of the poem, differs only literally from that of Oxford, excepting that to the
latter is appended a Latin version, also in rhyme, and in close imitation of
the English. I subjoin a brief specimen of it:—

"Qui regis Hispanos,

Superbos et vanos,
Crudeles et insanos,
Multùm aberrasti,
Cùm tuos animasti,
Et bellum inchoasti
Contra Anglos animosos,
Fortes et bellicosos,
Nobiles et generosos.
Qui te excitavit
Proculdubio deliravit
Et te fascinavit," &c.

The whole production consists only of ten leaves, 4to., and the Latin
portion, which has the subsequent separate title-page, occupies four of
them:—

"AD REGEM
HISPANVM.
Cum tua non fuerint heroica facta, Philippe,
Risu digna cano carmine ridiculo."

I shall not here introduce any part of the English version, because one or
two long quotations will be found in the introductory portion of the Rev. A.
Dyce's excellent edition of Skelton's Works (2 vols. 8vo. 1843). Respecting
the Latin portion I have been more particular, because the learned editor
was not aware that the production had come from the press of Barnes of
Oxford, nor that a Latin version was appended to it.

I may take the liberty of adding here a mention of Skelton which escaped
notice, and which is from one of the tracts against Thomas Nash, produced
by Gabriel Harvey, the friend of Spenser. He couples Skelton and Scoggin
together, in no very respectful manner, and completes the triumvirate by
Nash, whom he here calls Signor Capriccio:—"And what riott so
pestiferous as that which in sugred baites presenteth most poisonous
hookes? Sir Skelton and Master Scoggin were but innocents to Signior
Capricio."

This quotation is the more noticeable, because it recognises the sacred
character of Skelton (however unworthy of the gown) in the prefix "Sir,"
which, as most people are aware, was then generally given to clergymen:
Scoggin, on the other hand, is only styled "Master Scoggin."

J. PAYNE COLLIER.
[The preceding communication was already in type when we received the
following from Mr. Bolton Corney, which we gladly print, inasmuch as it
illustrates some points not touched upon by Mr. Collier.]

QUERIES ANSWERED, NO. 1.
It is not without some slight reluctance that I notice anonymous
communications, but shall endeavour to repress such feelings with regard to
the modest students who may choose to announce their desiderata through
the convenient channel of the "NOTES AND QUERIES." A hearty well
wisher to so commendable an enterprise, shall have my first responsive
scrap.

The inquiry affords no scope for ingenuity of conjecture! The foolish rime
to which bishop Aylmer refers, is undoubtedly the pamphlet thus entitled:—

"A Skeltonicall salutation,
Or condigne gratulation,
And iust vexation
Of the Spanish nation,
That in a bravado
Spent many a crusado,
In setting forth an armado
England to invado."
Oxford, Joseph Barnes, 1589. 4to.
"A Skeltonicall salutation," &c.
Imprinted at London for Toby Cook, 1589. 4to.

The Oxford edition is recorded by Ames, and there is a copy of the London
edition in the British Museum. Strype, in his account of bishop Aylmer,
gives the substance of the letter as his own narrative, almost verbatim—but
fails to identify the pamphlet in question. Park briefly describes it in
Censura Literaria, 1815, ii. 18.; and there is a specimen of it in The
Poetical Works of John Skelton, as edited by the Reverend Alexander Dyce,
1843.

While queries evince a sharp mental appetite, answers help to satisfy it; and
so, by their united influence, a brisk circulation of ideas may be produced—
which, as master Burton assures us, wards off melancholy.

BOLTON CORNEY.

NOTES UPON "NOTES, NO. 1."
Sir,—I take the liberty to send you one or two Notes on your first Number,
just as they occur to me in looking it over. I will not trespass on you by
preface or apology.

The "bibliographic project" I shall rejoice to see carried out; and though
neither an unemployed aspirant nor a fortunate collector (of which class I
hope many will be stimulated by the proposition), yet, as I once took some
trouble in the matter, I should be happy to contribute some Notes then made
whenever the plan is matured and the proposed appeal is made—provided (I
must add, and to you I may add) I can find them.

The Liber Sententiarum was printed by Limborch, at Amsterdam, in 1692.
It forms the greater part, as, indeed, it was the occasion, of his folio volume,
entitled "Historia Inquisitionis cui subjungitur Liber Sententiarum
Inquisitionis Tholosanæ ab anno Christi Cl[*C]CCCVI ad annum
Cl[*C]CCCXXIII." Gibbon, in a note on his fifty-fourth chapter, observes
that the book "deserved a more learned and critical editor;" and, if your
correspondent will only place the Book of Sentences before the public in a
readable form, with a map, and (by all means) a few notes, he will be doing
a great service to all persons who take an interest in ecclesiastical history,
or, indeed, in history of any kind. In the year 1731 Chandler published a
translation of the History of the Inquisition, with a long Introduction of his
own, but did not meddle with the Book of Sentences, except so far as to
introduce into the text of the History some passages from it, which
Limborch (as he appended the whole book) did not think it necessary to
quote. I remember seeing the MS. in the British Museum within these ten or
twelve years, and, according to my recollection, it was accompanied by
papers which would furnish an interesting literary history of the volume. I
hope your correspondent will give us farther information.

N.B.

[Mr. Brooke, of Ufford, has also kindly replied to the Query of
INQUISITORIUS, by referring him to Limborch.]

QUERY AS TO REFERENCES.
Sir,—May I be permitted to suggest one way in which you may be of great
service to many literary men, and indeed to the cause of literature in
general; and this, too, without much trouble to yourself? Would you be
willing to receive "Queries" respecting references? They frequently puzzle
those who are engaged in literary works, and indeed those who are merely
readers, and who have not access to public libraries or the manuscript
treasures of the metropolis and the universities. If, for instance, a clergyman
or squire, interested in the history of his parish, should find in the county
historian something which his own local or genealogical knowledge leads
him to think erroneous, vouched for by a reference to the Cotton or
Harleian MSS., might he apply to you? It may be supposed that you are not
very far from some one of the great fountains of information, and have easy
access to all; and it is probable that you might not only do a personal favour
to the inquirer, but confer a benefit on the public, by correcting an
erroneous statement. Of course you would subject yourself to unreasonable
requests, but the remedy would always be in your own hands.

Yours, &c.

A. G. C.
[The Editor inserts this letter because he is sure that it comes from a friendly
quarter, and he knows that something like what it suggests is very much wanted.
He would feel great diffidence as to his powers of fulfilling all that might be
expected if he were simply to reply in the affirmative: but he is quite willing to
make the trial, and he thinks that (though sometimes perhaps with a little delay)
he could in general obtain any information of this kind which could be
reasonably sought.]

LINES IN THE STYLE OF SUCKLING.
Mr. Editor,—The following lines are written in pencil on sheet 61. of the
Notes of the Debates in the Long Parliament, taken down in the House of
Commons by Sir Ralph Verney. The Notes of Debates, but not these lines,
were published by the Camden Society in 1845. For any thing that appears
to the contrary, these lines may have been written in the House as well as
the Notes of Debates. The sheet 61. refers to debates which took place in
March 1641-2. I am not aware that the lines have been published, nor can I
assign them to their author. If any of your readers can tell me anything
about them, I shall esteem it a favour.

Wert thou yet fairer than thou art,
Which lies not in the power of art;
Or hadst thou, in thine eyes, more darts
Than Cupid ever shot at hearts;
Yet, if they were not thrown at me,
I could not cast one thought at thee.

I'd rather marry a disease
Than court the thing I cannot please;
She that will cherish my desires,
Must feed my flames with equal fires.
What pleasure is there in a kiss,
To him that doubts the heart's not his?

I love thee, not 'cause thou art fair,
Smoother than down, softer than air,
Nor for those Cupids that do lie
In either corner of thine eye;
Will you then know what it may be?
'Tis—I love you 'cause you love me.

J. BRUCE.

24th Oct. 1849

NOTES UPON ANCIENT LIBRARIES.
A knowledge of the intellectual acquirements of the middle ages must be
mainly formed upon a consideration of the writings which directed them, or
emanated from them. Unfortunately such materials are very imperfect, our
knowledge of the existence of works often resting only upon their place in
some loosely-entered catalogue—and of the catalogues themselves, the
proportion still remaining must be small indeed. Under these circumstances
the following documents, which are now for the first time printed, or even
noticed, will be found to be of considerable interest. The first is, in modern
language, a Power of Attorney, executed by the Prior of Christ Church,
Canterbury, appointing two of the monks of his church to be his procurators
for the purpose of receiving from the convent of Anglesey, in
Cambridgeshire1, a book which had been lent to the late Rector of
Terrington. Its precise date is uncertain, but it must be of about the middle
of the thirteenth century (1244-1254), as Nicholas Sandwich, the Prior of
Christ Church, was the second of four priors who presided between the
years 1234 and 1274.

"N. Prior Ecclesiæ Christi Cantuariensis discretis viris et religiosis
Domino Priori de Anglesheya et ejusdem loci sacro conventui salutem
in Domino. Cum sincera semper caritate noverit faternitas vestra nos
constiuisse fratres Gauterum de Hatdfeld et Nicolaum de
Grantebrigiense Ecclesiæ nostræ monachos latores precencium
procuratores nostros ad exigendum et recipiendum librum qui
intitulatur. Johannes Crisestomus de laude Apostoli. In quo etiam
volumine continentur Hystoria vetus Britonum quæ Brutus appellatur
et tractatus Roberti Episcopi Herfordiæ de compoto. Quæ quondam
accommodavimus Magistro Laurentio de Sancto Nicholao tunc Rectori
ecclesiæ de Tyrenton. Qui post decessum præfati Magistri L. penes vos
morabatur et actenus moratur. In cujus rei testimonium has litteras
patentes nostro sigillo signatas vobis transmittimus."

The contents of the book which is the subject of this special embassy are of
the character usually found to have formed the staple of monastic libraries,
though the particular treatises included in it are not common.

In the Reverend Joseph Hunter's valuable treatise upon English Monastic
Libraries2 occurs a notice of an indenture executed in A.D. 1343, whereby
the priory of Henton lent no less than twenty books to another monastic
establishment. The deed is described, but not printed. It will be seen that the
instrument we have given above is nearly a century earlier; and the minute
description of the book given in this document supplies some very curious
facts illustrative of the mode of putting together ancient books, which have
not hitherto been remarked, for the simple reasons that no opportunity for
comparison like that presented by the present case has yet been noticed.
Among the Cottonian MSS. (Galba E. iv.) is a perfect specimen of an
ancient Library Catalogue, which, although not altogether unnoticed,
deserves a more careful examination than it has yet received. It relates to
the magnificent monastic foundation from which emanated the deed we
have printed above, and is headed "Tituli librorum de libraria Ecclesiæ
Christi Cantuariensis et contenta in eisdem libris tempore H. Prioris." It is
written in that bold hand which prevails so extensively in ecclesiastical
MSS., with but little variation, from the middle of the fourteenth century, to
the end of the fifteenth,—a hand which is not always clearly written, and
which therefore, in itself, does not materially assist in the distinction of a
date. Now having first assigned the credit of this noble Catalogue—in
which are entered about 600 volumes, in nearly every one of which, besides
the substantive (or initial?) work, are particularised numerous detached
writings, varying from two or three to five-and-forty distinct "tracts"—to
Prior Henry Chichely (1413—1443), the founder of All Souls' and St.
John's Colleges, Oxford, and who, "built the library of the church, and
furnished it with books," we will see whether the book "qui intitulatur
Johannes Crisestomus," &c. was returned to Canterbury, and had a place in
the list;—and this, we think, is satisfactorily shown by the following entry:
—

"Johannes Crisostomus de laude Apostoli.
In hoc volumine continentur
Idem de laude Redemptoris.

Brutus latine.
Nomina Regum Britanniæ sicut in ordine successerunt.
Nomina Archiepiscoporum Cantuariensis sicut in ordine successerunt.
Tabula et questiones Bede de ratione temporum.
Tabula ejusdem et expositio super tabulam de lunationibus.
Descriptio Britanniæ Insulæ.
Expositio super Merlinum, imperfecta."

It may perhaps be supposed that this proves too much, as, besides the direct
title of the volume, eight "tracts" are here entered, while in the Power of
Attorney only two are noticed. But we would maintain, nevertheless, that it
is the identical book, and explain this variation in the description by the
circumstance that the library having, in the space of nearly two centuries,
been materially enriched, numerous works, consisting in many cases only
of a single "quaternion," were inserted in the volumes already existing. An
examination of the structure of books of this period would confirm this
view, and show that their apparent clumsiness is to be explained by the
facility it was then the custom to afford for the interpolation or extraction of
"sheets," by a contrivance somewhat resembling that of the present day for
temporarily fixing loose papers in a cover, and known as the "patent leaf-
holder."

The second document is a list of certain books, belonging to the monastery
of Anglesey, early in the fourteenth century, allotted out to the canons of the
house for the purpose of custody, or, perhaps, of study or devotion.

"Isti libri liberati sunt canonicis die ... anno regni Regis Edwardi septimo"3
(7 Edw. II. A.D. 1314.)
Penes Dominum Priorem; Parabelæ Salomonis; Psalterium cum ...
Penes Dominum J. de Bodek.; Epistolæ Pauli...; Quædam notulæ super
psalter et liber miraculorum ... Mariæ cum miraculis sanctorum.
Penes Sub-priorem; Liber vitæ Sancti Thomæ Martiris.
Penes E. de Ely; Quartus liber sententiarum cum sermo...; Liber Reymundi;
Liber de vitiis et virtutibus et pastorale.
Penes R. Pichard; Liber Alquini; Liber Johannis de Tyrington cum Catone
et aliis.

Penes Henrici Muchet; Liber de vita Sanctæ Mariæ Magdalenæ et
remediarum (?)
Penes Walteri de Yilwilden; Liber S ... ligatus in panno ymnaro glosatus
cum constitutionibus; Belet ligatus et vita sanctorum.
Penes Ricardi de Queye; Omeliæ Gregorii (?) super Evangelistos ligatæ in
nigro corio.
In commune biblia; Decreta; Decretales; Prima pars moralium Job; Liber de
abusionibus.
Liber justitiæ; penes Magistrum Adam de Wilburham.
Penes Walteri de Wyth; Liber Innocentii super sacramenta cum Belet et
introductione in uno volumine.
Item penes Sup-priorem; Psalterium glosatum duod fuit in custodia Magistri
Henrice de Melreth.
Item aliud psalterium glosatum inpignoratum penes Isabellam Siccadona.

Several of these descriptions are highly curious; particularly the last item,
which describes one of the "glossed" psalters as being "in pawn," a fact
which, in itself, tells a history of the then condition of the house.

The first document, taken in connection with that referred to by Mr. Hunter
would seem to establish the existence of a system of interchanging the
literary wealth of monastic establishments, and thereby greatly extending
the advantages of their otherwise scanty stores. Both are executed with all
the legal forms used in the most important transactions, which would
support the opinion of their not being special instances: but they are, in
either case, curious and satisfactory evidence of the care and caution
exercised by the monks in cases where their books were concerned; and one
cannot but regret that when the time came that the monasterias were
destined to be dissolved, and their books torn and scattered to the winds, no
attention was paid to Bale's advice for the formation of "one solemne
library in every shire of England."

JOSEPH BURTT
Footnote 1: (return)

The information given of this house by Dugdale is very scanty. It could surely be
added to considerably.

Footnote 2: (return)

London, 1831. quarto. See also a Paper by Mr. Halliwell in>the Archæologia,
xxvii. p. 455., and Sir Francis Palgrave's Introduction to Documents and Records
illustrating the History of Scotland, pp. xcvi.—cxvi., for extracts from the
historical chronicles preserved in the monasteries, &c.

Footnote 3: (return)

The formula of this date, "anno R.R.E. septimo," would at first sight be
considered to refer to the preceding reign; but the list is merely a memorandum
on the dorse of a completely executed instrument dated A.D. 1300, which it is
highly improbable that it preceded. The style of Edward II. is often found as
above, though not usually so.

PEDLAR'S SONG ATTRIBUTED TO
SHAKSPERE, AND TRADITION CONNECTED
WITH SHAKSPERE'S "HAMLET."
The following verses, which would form a very appropriate song for
Autolycus, were arranged as a glee for three voices by Dr. Wilson about the
year 1667. They are published in Playford's Musical Companion in 1673; in
Warren's Collection of Glees and Catches; and in S. Webbe's Conveto
Harmonico. The words were, I believe, first ascribed to Shakspere by Clark,
in 1824, in his Words of Glees, Madrigals, &c.; but he has not given his
authority for so doing. It has been stated that they have since been
discovered in a common-place book written about Shakspere's time, with
his name attached to them, and with this indirect evidence in favour of their
being written by him, that the other pieces in the collection are attributed to
their proper writers. The late Mr. Douce, who was inclined to believe the
song to have been written by Shakspere, once saw a copy of it with a fourth
verse which was shown to him by the then organist of Chichester. The poem
is not included in Mr. Collier's edition of Shakspere, nor in the Aldine
edition of Shakspere's Poems, edited by the Rev. A. Dyce. Perhaps if you
will be good enough to insert the song and the present communication in
the "NOTES AND QUERIES," some of your readers may be enabled to fix
the authorship and to furnish the additional stanza to which I have referred.

PEDLAR'S SONG.

From the far Lavinian shore,
I your markets come to store;
Muse not, though so far I dwell,
And my wares come here to sell;
Such is the sacred hunger for gold.
Then come to my pack,
While I cry
"What d'ye lack,

What d'ye buy?
For here it is to be sold."

I have beauty, honour, grace,
Fortune, favour, time, and place,
And what else thou would'st request,
E'en the thing thou likest best;
First, let me have but a touch of your gold.
Then, come to me, lad,
Thou shalt have
What thy dad
Never gave;
For here it is to be sold.

Madam, come, see what you lack,
I've complexions in my pack;
White and red you may have in this place,
To hide your old and wrinkled face.
First, let me have but a touch of your gold,
Then you shall seem
Like a girl of fifteen,
Although you be threescore and ten years old.

While on this subject, perhaps I may be permitted to ask whether any reader
of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" can throw light on the following
questionable statement made by a correspondent of the Morning Herald, of
the 16th September, 1822.

"Looking over an old volume the other day, printed in 1771, I find it
remarked that it was known as a tradition, that Shakspeare shut himself
up all night in Westminster Abbey when he wrote the ghost scene in
Hamlet."

I do not find in Wilson's Shakspeariana the title of a single "old" book
printed in 1771, on the subject of Shakspere.

T.

SIR WILLIAM SKIPWYTH, KING'S JUSTICE
IN IRELAND.
Mr. Editor,—I am encouraged by the eminent names which illustrate the
first Number of your new experiment—a most happy thought—to inquire
whether they, or any other correspondent, can inform me who was the
William de Skypwith, the patent of whose appointment as Chief Justice of
the King's Bench in Ireland, dated February 15. 1370, 44 Edward III., is to
be found in the New Fædera vol. iii. p.877.? In the entry on the Issue Roll
of that year, p. 458., of the payment of "his expences and equipment" in
going there, he is called "Sir William Skipwyth, Knight, and the King's
Justice in Ireland."

There was a Sir William Skipwyth, who was appointed a Judge of the
Common Pleas in 33 Edward III., and Chief Baron of the Exchequer in 36
Edward III.; and, were it not that Collins, in his Baronetage, followed by
Burke, says that he remained Chief Baron till 40 Edward III., in which year
he died, I should have had no doubt that the Irish Chief Justice was the
same with the English Chief Baron.

The same authority adds that Sir William Skipwyth who was made a Justice
of the King's Bench [it should have been of the Common Pleas] in 50
Edward III., and who resigned his office in 11 Richard II., was the eldest
son of the Chief Baron. But that authority does not make the slightest
allusion to the appointment of the Chief Justice of Ireland.

A suspicion that this last Justice of the Common Pleas is not only the same
person as the Chief Justice of Ireland, but also as the Chief Baron of the
Exchequer, has arisen in my mind for the following among other reasons.

1. Collins and Burke are wrong in saying that he remained Chief Baron till
40 Edward III. His successor in that office was appointed on October 29.
1365, 39 Edward III.

2. They are further wrong, I imagine, in saying that he continued Chief
Baron till his death: for Joshua Barnes, in his History of Edward III., p.
667., says that Skipwyth and Sir Henry Green, the Chief Justice of the
King's Bench, were in 1365 arrested and imprisoned on account of many
enormities which the King understood they had committed against law and
justice; and this relation is corroborated by the fact that Green's successor as
Chief Justice was appointed on the same day as Skipwyth's successor as
Chief Baron.

3. No proof whatever is given of the Chief Baron's death in 40 Edward III.

I will not trouble you with other grounds of identification which occur to
me: but as an answer to my question might "make these odds all even," I
sent the "Query" to the "Lost and Found Office" you have established, in
the hope that some stray "Note," as yet unappropriated, may assist in
solving the difficulty.

EDWARD FOSS.

November 5. 1849.

THE THISTLE OF SCOTLAND.
Mr. Editor,—May I ask if any of your contibutors could inform me in an
early number, when and on what occasion the Thistle was adopted as the
emblem of the Scottish nation? I have looked into many historians, but as
yet found nothing definite enough.

R. L.

Paisley, Oct. 29. 1849.

CAPTURE OF THE DUKE OF MONMOUTH.
Mr. Editor,—Having noticed the letter of Mr. John Bruce, in your
Miscellany, I beg leave to inform him that the ash tree under which
Monmouth was taken is still standing on the Woodland estate, now the
property of the Earl of Shaftesbury.

I shall be happy at some future day, if it suits your purpose, to collect and
send you such particulars as may be gained on the spot respecting it, and the
incidents of the capture.

We have still in the Town Hall here the chain in which it is said Jefferies sat
at the Bloody Assize.

A. D. M.

Dorcester, 3d Nov. 1849.
[We shall gladly receive the particulars which our Correspondent proposed to
collect and forward.]

SERPENTS' EGGS AND STRAW NECKLACES.
[Mr. Thoms' Query in this case should have been limited to the straw necklaces,
as Mr. Nichols has already explained the serpents' eggs; but our Correspondent's
letter is so satisfactory on both points that we insert it entire.]

The passage from Erasmus, "brachium habet ova serpentum," is plainly to
be rendered "and with a string of serpents' eggs on your arm." The meaning
is equally apparent on recalling the manner in which snakes' eggs are found,
viz., hanging together in a row. Erasmus intends Menedemus to utter a joke
at the rosary of beads hanging over the pilgrim's arm, which he professes to
mistake for serpents' eggs.

I am not aware what particular propriety the "collar or chaplet" (for it may
mean either) of straw may have, as worn by a pilgrim from Compostella; or
whether there may not lurk under this description, as beneath the other, a
jocular sense. The readiest way of determining this point would be to
consult some of the accounts of Compostella and of its relics, which are to
be found in a class of books formerly abundant in the north-western towns
of Spain.

V.

MADOC—HIS EXPEDITION TO AMERICA.
"A Student" may consult the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Northern
Antiquaries, Copenhagen, Mr. Geogehan's Ireland, O'Flaherty's Ogygia,
Magnusen and Rafn On the Historical Monuments of Greenland and
America, and some of the Sagas.

SCOTUS.

Brechin, Nov. 5. 1849.

NOTES ON COFFEE.
The earliest account we have of coffee is said to be taken from an Arabian
MS. in the Bibliothèque du Roi in Paris.

Schehabeddin Ben, an Arabian author of the ninth century of the Hegira, or
fifteenth of the Christians, attributes to Gemaleddin, Mufti of Aden, a city
of Arabia Felix, who was nearly his contemporary, the first introduction into
that country, of drinking coffee. He tells us, that Gemaleddin, having
occasion to travel into Persia, during his abode there saw some of his
countrymen drinking coffee, which at that time he did not much attend to;
but, on his return to Aden, finding himself indisposed, and remembering
that he had seen his countrymen drinking coffee in Persia, in hopes of
receiving some benefit from it, he determined to try it on himself; and, after
making the experiment, not only recovered his health, but perceived other
useful qualities in that liquor; such as relieving the headach, enlivening the
spirits, and, without prejudice to the constitution, preventing drowsiness.
This last quality he resolved to turn to the advantage of his profession; he
took it himself, and recommended it to the Dervises, or religious
Mahometans, to enable them to pass the night in prayer, and other exercises
of their religion, with greater zeal and attention. The example and authority
of the mufti gave reputation to coffee. Soon men of letters, and persons
belonging to the law, adopted the use of it. These were followed by the
tradesmen and artisans that were under the necessity of working in the
night, and such as were obliged to travel late after sunset. At length the
custom became general in Aden; and it was not only drunk in the night by
those who were desirous of being kept awake, but in the day for the sake of
its other agreeable qualities.

Before this time coffee was scarce known in Persia, and very little used in
Arabia, where the tree grew. But, according to Schehabeddin, it had been
drunk in Æthiopia from time immemorial.

Coffee being thus received at Aden, where it has continued in use ever since
without interruption, passed by degrees to many neighbouring towns; and

not long after reached Mecca, where it was introduced as at Aden, by the
Dervises, and for the same purposes of religion.

The inhabitants of Mecca were at last so fond of this liquor, that, without
regarding the intention of the religious, and other studious persons, they at
length drank it publicly in coffee-houses, where they assembled in crowds
to pass the time agreeably, making that the pretense. From hence the custom
extended itself to many other towns of Arabia, particularly to Medina, and
then to Grand Cairo in Egypt, where the Dervises of Yemen, who lived in a
district by themselves, drank coffee on the nights they intended to spend in
devotion.

Coffee continued its progress through Syria, and was received at Damascus
and Aleppo without opposition; and in the year 1554, under the reign of
Solyman, one hundred years after its introduction by the Mufti of Aden,
became known to the inhabitants of Constantinople, when two private
persons of the names of Schems and Hekin, the one coming from
Damascus, and the other from Aleppo, opened coffee-houses.

"It is not easy," says Ellis, "to determine at what time, or upon what
occasion, the use of coffee passed from Constantinople to the western parts
of Europe. It is, however, likely that the Venetians, upon account of the
proximity of their dominions, and their great trade to the Levant, were the
first acquainted with it; which appears from part of a letter wrote by Peter
della Valle, a Venetian, in 1615, from Constantinople; in which he tells his
friend, that, upon his return he should bring with him some coffee, which he
believed was a thing unknown in his country."

Mr. Garland tells us he was informed by M. de la Croix, the King's
interpreter, that M. Thevenot, who had travelled through the East, at his
return in 1657, brought with him to Paris some coffee for his own use, and
often treated his friends with it.

It was known some years sooner at Marseilles; for, in 1644, some
gentlemen who accompanied M. de la Haye to Constantinople, brought
back with them on their return, not only some coffee, but the proper vessels
and apparatus for making it. However, until 1660, coffee was drunk only by
such as had been accustomed to it in the Levant, and their friends; but that

year some bales were imported from Egypt, which gave a great number of
persons an opportunity of trying it, and contributed very much to bringing it
into general use; and in 1661, a coffee-house was opened at Marseilles in
the neighbourhood of the Exchange.

Before 1669, coffee had not been seen at Paris, except at M. Thevenot's,
and some of his friends'; nor scarce heard of but from the account of
travellers. In that year, Soliman Aga, ambassador from the Sultan Mahomet
the Fourth, arrived, who, with his retinue, brought a considerable quantity
of coffee with them, and made presents of it to persons both of the court and
city, and it is supposed to have established the custom of drinking it.

Two years afterwards, an Armenian of the name of Pascal, set up a coffee-
house, but meeting with little encouragement, left Paris and came to
London.

From Anderson's Chronological History of Commerce, it appears that the
use of coffee was introduced into London some years earlier than into Paris.
For in 1652 one Mr. Edwards, a Turkey merchant, brought home with him a
Greek servant, whose name was Pasqua, who understood the roasting and
making of coffee, till then unknown in England. This servant was the first
who sold coffee, and kept a house for that purpose in George Yard Lombard
Street.

The first mention of coffee in our statute books is anno 1660 (12 Car. II. c.
24), when a duty of 4d. was laid upon every gallon of coffee made and sold,
to be paid by the maker.

The statute 15 Car. II. c. 11. § 15. an. 1663, directs that all coffee-houses
should be licensed at the general quarter sessions of the peace for the
county within which they are to be kept.

In 1675 King Charles II. issued a proclamation to shut up the coffee-houses,
but in a few days suspended the proclamation by a second. They were
charged with being seminaries of sedition.

The first European author who has made any mention of coffee is
Rauwolfus, who was in the Levant in 1573.

DR. DRYASDUST.
Sir,—Do you or any of your readers know anything of the family of that
celebrated antiquary, and do you think it probable that he was descended
from, or connected with, the author of a work which I met with some time
ago, intituled "Wit Revived, or A new and excellent way of Divertisement,
digested into most ingenious Questions and Answers. By ASDRYASDUST
TOSSOFFACAN. London: Printed for T. E. and are to be sold by most
Booksellers. MDCLXXIV." 12mo. I do not know anything of the author's
character, but he appears to have been a right-minded man, in so far as he
(like yourself) expected to find "wit revived" by its digestion into "most
ingenious questions and answers;" though his notion that asking and
answering questions was a new way of divertisement, seems to indicate an
imperfect knowledge of the nature and history of mankind; but my query is
simply genealogical.

H. F. W.

MACAULAY'S "YOUNG LEVITE."
Sir,—The following passage from the Anatomy of Melancholy, published
1651, struck me as a curious corroboration of the passage in Mr. Macaulay's
History which describes the "young Levite's" position in society during the
seventeenth century; and as chance lately threw in my way the work from
which Burton took his illustration, I take the liberty of submitting Notes of
both for your examination.

"If he be a trencher chaplain in a gentleman's house (as it befel
Euphormio), after some seven years' service he may perchance have a
living to the halves, or some small rectory, with the mother of the
maids at length, a poor kinswoman, or a crackt chambermaid, to have
and to hold during the time of his life."—Burton, Anat. of Mel. part i.
sect. 2. mem. 3. subsect 15.

Burton is here referrng to the Euphormionis Lusinini Satyricon, published
anno 1617. It professes to be a satire, or rather A FURIOUS INVECTIVE,
on the corrupt manners of the times, and is in four parts: the 1st is dedicated
to King James I.; the 2nd to Robert Cecil; the 3rd to Charles Emmanuel of
Savoy; the 4th to Louis XIII., King of France.

The use that Burton makes of the name of Euphormio is any thing but
happy. He was not a "trencher chaplain" but the slave of a rich debauchée,
Callion, sent in company with another slave, Percas, to carry some all-
potent nostrum to Fibullius, a friend of Callion, who was suffering from an
attack of stone. Euphormio cures Fibullius, not by the drug with which he
was armed, but by a herb, which he sought for and found on a mountain.
Fibullius, to reward his benefactor, offers him as a wife a most beautiful
girl, whom he introduces to him privately while in his sick room.
Euphormio looks with no little suspicion on the offer; but, after a few
excuses, which are overruled by Fibullius, accepts the lady as his betrothed,
"seals the bargain with a holy kiss," and walks out of the room (to use his
own words) "et sponsus, et quod nesciebam—Pater," page 100. The next
mention of this lady [evidently the prototype of the "crackt chambermaid,"]

is in page 138. Callion had paid his sick friend Fibullius a visit, and, on the
eve of his departure, had ordered Euphormio to ride post before him, and
prepare the inhabitants of the districts through which he was to pass for his
arrival. While Euphormio is on the horseblock in the act of mounting his
steed, a rustic brings him a letter from Fibullius, and in conversation gives
him such an account of his bride as forces upon him the reflection, that even
the grim Libitina would be preferable, as a bride, to so confirmed a Thais,
so fruitful a partner, as the protegée of Fibullius would be likely to prove.
But, as these notes have, in spite of all my attempts at condensation, already
grown to a most formidable size, I will not indulge in any moral reflections;
but conclude by querying you, or any of your readers, to inform me whether
the personages mentioned in the Euphorm. Lus. Satyricon, such as Callion,
Pereas, Fibullius, &c., are real characters or not? as, in the former case, I
am inclined to think that the work might throw some interesting lights on
the private manners and characters of some of the courtiers of the day. "No
scandal against any of the maids of honour"—of course. The phrase "To the
halves" (in the quotation from Burton) means, inadequate, insufficient; we
still talk of "half and half" measures. Montanus inveighs against such
"perturbations, that purge to the halves, tire nature, and molest the body to
no purpose."—Burton, Anat. of Mel., part. ii. sect. 2. mem. 4. subsect. 6.

MELANION.
[The work referred to by our correspondent was written by Barclay, better known
as the author of the Argenis. The First Part of the Satyricon, dedicated to James
the First, was published, London, 12mo. 1603; and with the addition of the 2nd
Part, Paris, 1605. The best edition of the work (which, really in two parts, is
made, by the addition of the Apologia Euphormionis, &c. sometimes into five) is
said to be the Elzevir 12mo., 1637. There are two editions of it cum notis
variorum, Leyden, 1667 and 1669, 8vo., in two volumes. Of some of the editions
(as that of 1623, 12mo.) it is said, "adjecta Clavi sive obscurorum et quasi
ænigmaticorum nominum, in hoc Opere passim occurrentium, dilucida
explicatione." The Satyricon was twice translated into French; and its literary
history, and that of the Censura Euphormionis, and other tracts, which it called
forth, might furnish a curious and amusing paper.]

SERMONES SANCTI CAROLI BORROMÆI.
Sir,—I have been wanting to get a sight of the following work, "Sermones
Sancti Caroli Borromæi, Archiepisc. Mediol. Edidit. J.A. Saxius. 5 Tom.
Mediol. 1747." Can I learn through your columns whether the work is any
where accessible in London? I sought for it in vain at the British Museum a
twelvemonth ago; nor, though then placed in their list of Libri desiderati,
has it yet been procured.

C. F. SECRETAN.

LUTHER AND ERASMUS.
Mr. Editor,—The following lines, written in a hand of the early part of the
seventeenth century, occur on the fly-leaf of a copy of the Translation of
Luther on the Galatians, edit. London, 4to. 1577. Can any of your readers
oblige me by informing me who was their author?

"Parum Lutherus ac Erasmus differunt
Serpens uterque est, plenus atro toxico;
Sed ille mordet ut cerastes in via,
Hic fraudulentus mordet in silentio."

Your obedient servant,

ROTERODAMUS.

TOWER ROYAL—CONSTITUTION HILL—
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE'S LETTER—
TENNISON'S FUNERAL SERMON ON NELL
GWYNNE.
Sir,—I should be glad to obtain answers to any or all of the following
Queries:—

1. What is the origin of the name TOWER ROYAL, as applied to a London
locality, and when did our kings (if they ever inhabited it) cease to inhabit
it?

2. When was CONSTITUTION HILL first so called, and why?

3. Is there any contemporary copy of the celebrated letter said to have been
written by Anne Pembroke, Dorset and Montgomery, to Sir Joseph
Williamson? It first appeared in The World.

4. Does a copy exist in MS., or in print, of the sermon which Archbishop
Tennison preached at the funeral of Nell Gwynne?

PETER CUNNINGHAM.

GROG—BISHOP BARNABY.
Mr. Editor,—I hope you intend to keep a corner for Etymologies.

Query, the origin of the word "Grog?"—And why do the people in Suffolk
call a ladybird "Bishop Barnaby?"

If you can enlighten me upon either of these points, I shall feel encouraged
to try again.

Yours, &c.

LEGOUR.

NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES, NO. II.
DR. FARMER ON DRAYTON'S WORKS.

The following bibliographical memoranda, in the well-known hand of Dr.
Farmer, occur in a copy of the edition of Drayton's Poems published in
1619, in small folio, by John Smethwick, which contains "The Barons'
Wars; England's Heroical Epistles; Idea; Odes; The Legends of Robert
Duke of Normandie, Matilda, Pierce Gaveston, and Great Cromwell; The
Owle; and Pastorals, containing Eglogues, with the Man in the Moone."

They may be of use to some future editor of Drayton, an author now
undeservedly neglected, whose Nymphidia alone might tempt the tasteful
publisher of the "Aldine Poets" to include a selection, at least, of his poems
in that beautiful series:—

"The works of Michael Drayton, Esq., were reprinted in folio, 1748.
The title-page 'promises all the writings of that celebrated author,' but
his Pastorals (p.433. &c., first published imperfectly in 4to. 1593) and
many other of his most considerable compositions (Odes, the Owle,
&c., see the Appendix), are not so much as spoken of. See his article in
the Biog. Brit. by Mr. Oldys, curiously and accurately written.

"Another edition (which is called the best) was printed in 4 vols. 8vo.
1753. Robson, 1765.

"A Poem Triumphant, composed for the Society of the Goldsmiths of
London, by M. Drayton. 4to. 1604. Harl. Cat. v.3. p. 357.

"Charles Coffey was the editor of the folio edit. 1748, he had a large<
subscription for it, but died before the publication; and it was
afterward printed for the benefit of his widow. See Mottley, p. 201.

"The print of Drayton at the back of the title-page, is marked in
Thane's Catalogue, 1774, 7s. 6d.

"N.B. The copy of the Baron's Warres in this edition differs in almost
every line from that in the 8vo. edit. 1610.

"It was printed under the title of Mortimeriados, in 7 line stanzaes.

"Matilda was first printed 1594, 4to., by Val. Simmes. Gaveston
appears by the Pref. to have been publish't before. Almost every line in
the old 4to. of Matilda differs from the copy in this edit. A stanza
celebrating Shakespeare's Lucrece is omitted in the later edition.

"Idea. The Shepherd's Garland. Fashion'd in 9 Eglogs. Rowland's
sacrifice to the 9 Muses, 4to. 1593. But they are printed in this Edition
very different from the present Pastorals.

"A sonnet of Drayton's prefixed to the 2nd Part of Munday's Primaleon
of Greece, B.L. 4to. 1619."
[The stanza in Matilda, celebrating Shakespeare's Lucrece, to which Dr. Farmer alludes, is thus
quoted by Mr. Collier in his edition of Shakespeare (viii. p. 411.):—

"Lucrece, of whom proud Rome hath boasted long,
Lately revived to live another age,
And here arrived to tell of Tarquin's wrong,
Her chaste denial, and the tyrant's rage,
Acting her passions on our stately stage:
She is remember'd, all forgetting me,
Yet I as fair and chaste as e'er was she;"—

who remarks upon it as follows:—

"A difficulty here may arise out of the fifth line, as if Drayton was referring to a play upon the
story of Lucrece, and it is very possible that one was then in existence. Thomas Heywood's
tragedy, The Rape of Lucrece, did not appear in print until 1608, and he could hardly have been
old enough to have been the author of such a drama in 1594; he may, nevertheless, have availed
himself of an elder play, and, according to the practice of the time, he may have felt warranted
in publishing it as his own. It is likely, however, that Drayton's expressions are not to be taken
literally; and that his meaning merely was, that the story of Lucrece had lately been revived, and
brought upon the stage of the world: if this opinion be correct, the stanza we have quoted above
contains a clear allusion to Shakespeare's Lucrece; and a question then presents itself, why
Drayton entirely omitted it in the after-impression of his Matilda. He was a poet who, as we
have shown in the Introduction to Julius Cæsar (vol. viii. p. 4.), was in the habit of making
extensive alterations in his productions, as they were severally reprinted, and the suppression of
this stanza may have proceeded from many other causes than repentance of the praise he had
bestowed upon a rival."]

BODENHAM, OR LING'S POLITEUPHUIA.
Sir,—The following is an extract from a Catalogue of Books for sale, issued
by Mr. Asher, of Berlin, in 1844:—

"Bodenham? (Ling?), Politeuphuia. Wits commonwealth, original
wrapper, vellum. VERY RARE.

"80 fr. 8vo. London, for Nicholas Ling, 1597.

"This book, 'being a methodical collection of the most choice and
select admonitions and sentences, compendiously drawn from infinite
varietie,' is quoted by Lowndes under Bodenham, as first printed in
1598; the Epistle dedicatory however of the present copy is signed: 'N.
Ling', and addressed 'to his very good friend Maister I.B.,' so that Ling
appears to have been the author, and this an edition unknown to
Lowndes or any other bibliographer."

This seems to settle one point, perhaps a not very important one, in our
literary history; and as such may deserve a place among your "NOTES."

BOOKWORM.

COLLEY CIBBER'S APOLOGY.
Mr. Editor,—No doubt most of your readers are well acquainted with
Colley Cibber's Apology for his Life, &c., first printed, I believe, in 1740,
4to, with a portrait of himself, painted by Vanloo, and engraved by
Vandergucht. Chapters IV. and V. contain the celebrated characters he drew
of the principal performers, male and female, in, and just before, his time,
viz. Betterton, Montfort, Kynaston, &c. Upon these characters I have two
questions to put, which I hope some of your contributors may be able to
answer. The first is, "Were these characters of actors reprinted in the same
words, and without additions, in the subsequent impressions of Cibber's
Apology in 8vo?" Secondly, "Had they ever appeared in any shape before
they were inserted in the copy of Cibber's Apology now before me, in 1740,
4to?" To this may be added, if convenient, some account of the work in
which these fine criticisms originally appeared, supposing they did not first
come out in the Apology. I am especially interested in the history of the
Stage about the period when the publication of these characters formed an
epoch.

I am, Mr. Editor, yours,

DRAMATICUS.

A MAIDEN ASSIZE—WHITE GLOVES.
Mr. Editor.—I forward for insertion in your new publication the following
"Note," taken from the Times of the 20th of August, 1847:—

"A Fortunate County.—In consequence of there being no prisoners, nor
business of any kind to transact at the last assizes for the county of Radnor,
the high sheriff, Mr. Henry Miles, had to present the judge, Mr. Justice
Cresswell, with a pair of white kid gloves, embroidered in gold, and which
have been forwarded to his lordship; a similar event has not taken place for
a considerable number of years in that county. His lordship remarked that it
was the first time it had occurred to him since he had been on the Bench."

And I beg to append it as a "Query," which I shall gladly see answered by
any of your correspondents, or my professional brethren,—"What is the
origin of this singular custom, and what is the earliest instance of it on
record?"

A LIMB OF THE LAW.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO
PURCHASE
JONES (EDMUND) GEOGRAPHICAL, HISTORICAL, AND
RELIGIOUS ACCOUNT OF ABERYSTWITH. 8VO. Trevecka, 1779.

CARTARI.—LA ROSA D'ORO PONTIFICIA, ETC. 4to. Rome. 1681.

SHAKSPEARE'S DRAMATIC WORKS.—The Fourth Volume of
WHITTINGHAM'S Edition, in 7 vols, 24mo. Chiswick. 1814.

M. C. H. BROEMEL, FEST-TANZEN DER ERSTEN CHRISTEN. Jena,
1705.

*** Letters stating particulars and lowest price, carriage free, to be sent to
MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
The matter is so generally understood with regard to the management of
periodical works, that it is hardly necessary for the Editor to say that HE
CANNOT UNDERTAKE TO RETURN MANUSCRIPTS; but on one point he
wishes to offer a few words of explanation to his correspondents in general,
and particularly to those who do not enable him to communicate with them
except in print. They will see, on a very little reflection, that it is plainly his
interest to take all he can get, and make the most, and the best, of
everything; and therefore he begs them to take for granted that their
communications are received, and appreciated, even if the succeeding
Number bears no proof of it. He is convinced that the want of specific
acknowledgment will only be felt by those who have no idea of the labour
and difficulty attendant on the hurried management of such a work, and of
the impossibility of sometimes giving an explanation, when there really is
one which would quite satisfy the writer, for the delay or non-insertion of
his communication. Correspondents in such cases have no reason, and if
they understood an editor's position they would feel that they have no right,
to consider themselves undervalued; but nothing short of personal
experience in editorship would explain to them the perplexities and evil
consequences arising from an opposite course.

MYTHOS is thanked for his kind hints, which shall not be lost sight of. We
have abundance of NOTES on the subject, not only of the SEVEN WISE
MASTERS, but of that other treasury of ancient fictions, the GESTA
ROMANORUM, which we shall bring forward as opportunity offers.

S.Y. The edition of Chaucer, in five volumes 12mo, edited by Singer, in
1822, was the only modern library edition of the "Works" until the
appearance of Sir H. Nicolas's edition in the Aldine Poets. Bell's edition, in
14 volumes, and Dolby's in 2, though they may have done much to extend a
knowledge of the writings of the Father of English Poetry, can scarcely be
called library editions.

A.P. will see the matter he refers to illustrated in an early number.

COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED.—J.H.H.—M.—Φ—T. Jones—Σ—
Buriensis.—G.H.B.—W.B.B.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED. We believe that this will prove
one of the most useful divisions of our weekly Sheet. Gentlemen who may
be unable to meet with any book or volume, of which they are in want, may
upon furnishing name, date, size, &c, have it inserted in this list, free of
cost. Persons having such volumes to dispose of are requested to send
reports of price, &c. to Mr. Bell, our Publisher.

Shortly will be published,

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BIOGRAPHIQUE ou Dictionnaire de 33,000 Ouvrages,
tant Anciens que Modernes relatifs, à l'Histoire de la Vie des Hommes
célèbres. 1 vol. imp. 8vo., double columns; about 900 pages. Price about 2l.
12s. 6d.

A Prospectus may be had, and orders are received by WILLIAMS AND
NORGATE, 14 Henrietta Street, Covent Garden.

THE CAMDEN SOCIETY FOR THE PUBLICATION OF EARLY
HISTORICAL AND LITERARY REMAINS.

The following works are now ready for delivery to Members who have paid
their Annual Subscription of 1l., due on the first of May last.—

I. INEDITED LETTERS OF QUEEN ELIZABETH, AND KING JAMES
VI. From the Originals in the possession of the Rev. Edward Ryder, of
Oaksey, Wilts., and from a MS. formerly belonging to Sir P. Thompson.
Edited by JOHN BRUCE, Esq., Treas. S.A.

II. THE CHRONICLE OF THE ABBEY OF PETERBOROUGH; from a
MS. in the Library of the Society of Antiquaries. Edited by THOMAS
STAPLETON, Esq., F.S.A.

WILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary.

Applications from Members who have not received their copies may be
made to Messrs. Nichols, 25. Parliament Street, Westminster, from whom
prospectuses of the Society (the annual subscription to which is 1l.) may be
obtained, and to whose care all communications for the Secretary should be
addressed.

NOTES AND QUERIES; A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS,
ETC.

Among the many periodicals which issue from the press, daily, weekly,
monthly, or quarterly, there is not one especially intended to assist Men of
Letters and of research in their pursuits. Literary Journals there are in
abundance, many of them of the highest degree of merit, which in their
Reviews and Announcements show the current sayings and doings of the
literary world. There is not, however, one among them in which the reading
many may note, for the use of himself and his fellow-labourers in the wide
field of Literature, the minute facts which he meets with from time to time,
and the value of which he so well knows, or insert his Queries, in the hope
of receiving satisfactory answers from some of his literary brethren.

NOTES AND QUERIES, A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
FOR LITERARY MEN, is, as its name implies, intended to supply this
deficiency. Those who meet with facts worthy of preservation, may record
them in its columns; while those, again, who are pursuing literary inquiries,
may, through this MEDIUM, ask for information on points which have
baffled their own individual researches. How often is even the best
informed writer stopped by an inability to solve some doubt or understand
some obscure allusion which suddenly starts up before him! How often
does a reading man stumble upon some elucidation of a doubtful phrase, or
disputed passage;—some illustration of an obsolete custom hitherto
unnoticed;—some biographical anecdote or precise date hitherto
unrecorded;—some book, or some edition, hitherto unknown or imperfectly
described.

This Publication, as everybody's common-place book, will be a depository
for those who find such materials, and a resource for those who are in
search of them; and if the Editor is enabled by the inter-communication of
his literary friends, to realise his expectations, it will form a most useful
supplement to works already in existence,—a treasury for enriching future
editions of them,—and an important contribution towards a more perfect
history than we yet possess of our Language, our Literature, and those to
whom we owe them.

NOTES AND QUERIES will be published every Saturday, price 3d., or
stamped, 4d., and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen,
and will also be issued in Parts at the end of each Month.

Communications for the Editor may be addressed to the Publisher, Mr.
GEORGE BELL, No. 186. Fleet Street, by whom also Advertisements will
be received.

Preparing for Publication, in One Vol. 8vo.

ILLUSTRATIONS of the REMAINS of ROMAN ART in CIRENCESTER,
the SITE of ANCIENT CORINIUM. By JAMES BUCKMAN, F.G.S. and
C.H. NEWMARCH, Esq.

The work will have reference principally to the illustration of the following
subjects:

1. The remains of the architecture of Corinium, including detailed drawings
and descriptions of the fine Tesselated Pavements, especially the one
recently discovered, as also the beautiful specimen on the estate of the
Right Hon. Earl Bathurst.

2. The specimens of Roman Pottery—Vases, Urns, &c.

3. Works in Metals—Statuettes, Ornaments, &c. &c.

4. Coins.

In order that due justice may be done to the Illustration of these Remains, it
is intended to have them executed in the first style of art, and only a limited
number of impressions will be taken.

To secure early copies, orders must be addressed at once to Messrs. BAILY
and JONES, Cirencester, or Mr. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

Price to Subscribers, 12s.

*** After the close of the Subscription List, the price will be raised to 15s.

N.B.—Any person possessing Roman Antiquities from Cirencester, will
confer a great favour on the Authors by communicating intelligence of them
to Messrs. Baily and Jones.

London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

Nearly ready.

THE PRIMEVAL ANTIQUITIES of DENMARK. By J. J. A. WORSAAE,
Member of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Copenhagen, and a Royal
Commissioner for the preservation of the National Monuments of Denmark.
Translated and applied to the Illustration of similar Remains in England. By
WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden Society. Illustrated
with numerous Woodcuts.

While so many publications illustrative of the Archaeology of Egypt,
Greece, and Rome, have appeared in this country, few attempts have been
made to give a systematic view of the early Antiquities of the British
Islands.

The work, of which the present volume is a translation, was originally
written by Mr. Worsaae, for the Copenhagen Society for the Promotion of
Useful Knowledge, and intended in the first place, to show how the early
history of the country might be read through its monuments, and in the
second, to awaken a greater interest for their preservation. It has been
translated and applied to the History of similar Remains in England, in the

hope that it will be found a useful Handbook for the use of those who desire
to know something of the nature of the numerous Primeval Monuments
scattered over these Islands, and the light which their investigation is
calculated to throw over the earliest and most obscured periods of our
national history.

Oxford: JOHN HENRY PARKER, and 377. Strand.

ILLUSTRATED WORKS.

AN INTRODUCTION to the STUDY of GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, with
numerous Illustrations. Nearly ready.

THE PRIMÆVAL ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK. By J. J. A.
WORSAAE, Member of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Copenhagen.
Translated and applied to the Illustration of similar Remains in England, by
WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden Society. With
numerous Illustrations. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

A MANUAL FOR THE STUDY OF SEPULCHRAL SLABS AND
CROSSES OF THE MIDDLE AGES. By the Rev. EDWARD L. CUTTS,
B.A. 8vo. Illustrated by upwards of 300 Engravings. 12s.

WORKING DRAWINGS of STRIXTON CHURCH,
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE—Views, Elevations, Sections, and Details of. By
EDWARD BARR, Esq., Architect. 12 Plates. Folio. 10s6d. A small Church
in the Early English Style; calculated for 200 persons; to cost about 800l.

A BOOK OF ORNAMENTAL GLAZING QUARRIES, collected and
arranged from Ancient Examples. By AUGUSTUS WOLLASTON
FRANKS, B.A. With 112 Coloured Examples. 8vo. 16s.

"Designed as a supplemental volume to Mr. Winston's Book on Painted
Glass, is an admirable collection. The subjects are accurately traced, and the
nicety of the tint and leading preserved. The examples are classed, and an
ingenious Introduction displays the taste and research of the author."—
Christian Remembrancer.

AN INQUIRY INTO THE DIFFERENCE OF STYLE OBSERVABLE IN
ANCIENT PAINTED GLASS, with Hints on Glass Painting, illustrated by
numerous Coloured Plates from Ancient Examples. By an AMATEUR. 2
vols. 8vo. 1l. 10s.

AN ATTEMPT TO DISCRIMINATE THE DIFFERENT STYLES OF
ARCHITECTURE IN ENGLAND. By the late THOMAS RICKMAN,
F.S.A. With 30 Engravings on Steel by Le Keux, &c., and 465 on Wood, of
the best examples, from Original Drawings by F. Mackenzie, O. Jewitt, and
P. H. De la Motte. Fifth Edition. 8vo. 21s.

A GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN BRITISH HERALDRY, with a
Chronological Table illustrative of its Rise and Progress. 8vo., with 700
engravings. 16s.

MEMORIALS OF THE COLLEGES AND HALLS IN THE
UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, with numerous Illustrations on Steel and
Wood. By the Rev. JAMES INGRAM, D.D., President of Trinity College.
Second edition. 2 vols. 8vo. 1l. 10s.

THEOLOGICAL WORKS.

A HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND, from the Earliest Times
to the Revolution of 1688. By the late Rev. J. B. CARWITHEN. A New
Edition, revised and corrected. 2 vols. small 8vo. 12s.

OF THE IMITATION OF CHRIST. Four Books by THOMAS A KEMPIS.
A new edition revised, handsomely printed in fcp. 8vo. with vignettes, and
red border lines, cloth, 5s., morocco, 9s. Also kept in antique calf binding,
vermilion edges, 10s. 6d.

LECTURES ON THE FESTIVALS. By the Rev. C. J. ABRAHAM, M.A.,
Assistant Master of the Upper School, Eton, 8vo. price 10s. 6d.

TRACTS FOR THE CHRISTIAN SEASONS, following the Course of the
Christian Year. The first series complete in 4 vols. fcp. 8vo. 18s.

RULES FOR HOLY LIVING AND DYING, containing the whole duty of a
Christian, and the part of Devotions fitted to all occasions and furnished for
all necessities. By Bishop JEREMY TAYLOR. Complete in 1 vol. 18mo.
cloth, gilt edges, 4s.

THE PRACTICAL CHRISTIAN, OR THE DEVOUT PENITENT. By
RICHARD SHERLOCK, D.D. A New Edition, with a Memoir of the
Author, by his pupil Bishop Wilson. 18mo., complete in 1 vol. cloth 4s.

THE CHRISTIAN SCHOLAR. Thoughts on the Study of the Classics, in
Prose and Verse. By the author of "The Cathedral." fcp, 8vo. cloth, 10s. 6d.;
morocco, 14s.

THE CATHEDRAL; or, The Catholic and Apostolic Church in England.
Thoughts in Verse on Ecclesiastical Subjects, selected and arranged so as to
correspond with the different parts of a Gothic Cathedral. Sixth edition,
32mo. with Engravings, price 4s. 6d. cloth; morocco, 6s. Also in fcp. 8vo.
with Engravings, 7s. 6d. cloth; morocco, 10s. 6d.

THE BAPTISTERY; or, The Way of Eternal Life. By the author of "The
Cathedral." Third edition, 8vo. cloth, 15s.; morocco, 1l. 1s. Also 32mo.
cloth, 3s. 6d.; morocco, 5s.

THE CHILD'S CHRISTIAN YEAR; Hymns for every Sunday and Holyday
in the Year. Fourth edition, 18mo. cloth, 2s; morocco, 4s 6d.

THE DAILY CHURCH SERVICES. Complete in 1 vol. 18mo. Price 10s.
6d.; or bound in morocco, 16s.

Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No.
5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186 Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
Street aforesaid.—Saturday, November 10, 1849.

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND
QUERIES, NUMBER 02, NOVEMBER 10, 1849 ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright
law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works,
so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United
States without permission and without paying copyright royalties.
Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license,
apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic
works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and
trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not
be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of
the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project
Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this
eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may
use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative
works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks
may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically
ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S.
copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license,
especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG™ LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or
any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
Gutenberg License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing
Project Gutenberg electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg electronic
work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept
all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
all copies of Project Gutenberg electronic works in your possession. If
you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg
electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this
agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom
you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people
who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg electronic
works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the

collection of Project Gutenberg electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in
the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not
claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing,
displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as
all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope
that you will support the Project Gutenberg mission of promoting free
access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg works
in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project
Gutenberg name associated with the work. You can easily comply with
the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format
with its attached full Project Gutenberg License when you share it
without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are
in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States,
check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this
agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing,
distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any
other Project Gutenberg work. The Foundation makes no
representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any
country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
access to, the full Project Gutenberg License must appear prominently
whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg work (any work on which
the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase
“Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed,
viewed, copied or distributed:

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License included with

this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located
in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the
country where you are located before using this eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg electronic work is derived
from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a
notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright
holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United
States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or
providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”
associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with
the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain
permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg
trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg License for all works posted
with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of
this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including
any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide
access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg work in a format
other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official

version posted on the official Project Gutenberg website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of
obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg electronic works provided
that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the
use of Project Gutenberg works calculated using the method you
already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the
owner of the Project Gutenberg trademark, but he has agreed to donate
royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days
following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to
prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly
marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about
donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does
not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You
must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works
possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all
access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of
receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution
of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™
electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth
in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the
Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in
Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend
considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and
proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the
Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be
stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete,
inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or
other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES -
Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in
paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation,
the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party
distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this
agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and
expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO
REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH
OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE
FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY
DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT,
CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES

EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you
discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it,
you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by
sending a written explanation to the person you received the work
from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return
the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that
provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a
replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work
electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to
give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu
of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a
refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in
paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If
any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law
of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the
Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability,
costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly
from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a)

distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg work, (b) alteration,
modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg work,
and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project
Gutenberg

Project Gutenberg is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It
exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations
from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg’s goals
and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg collection will remain freely
available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and
permanent future for Project Gutenberg and future generations. To
learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and
the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state
of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue
Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is
64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S.
federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 41 Watchung Plaza
#516, Montclair NJ 07042, USA, +1 (862) 621-9288. Email contact

links and up to date contact information can be found at the
Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small
donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax
exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States.
Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable
effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these
requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have
not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND
DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular
state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg
electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg
concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project
Gutenberg eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility:
www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg, including
how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.