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Title: The blue scarab

Author: R. Austin Freeman

Release date: May 19, 2025 [eBook #76116]

Language: English

Original publication: New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1924

Other information and formats: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/76116

Credits: an anonymous Project Gutenberg volunteer

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BLUE
SCARAB ***

THE BLUE
SCARAB
BY
R. AUSTIN FREEMAN
AUTHOR OF
“THE SINGING BONE,” ETC.

NEW YORK
DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY
1924

[COPYRIGHT]
Copyright, 1923,
By DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY, Inc.

Published, January, 1924
Second Printing, January, 1924

CONTENTS
I. The Blue Scarab
II. The Case of the White Foot-Prints
III. The New Jersey Sphinx
IV. The Touchstone
V. A Fisher of Men
VI. The Stolen Ingots
VII. The Funeral Pyre

THE BLUE SCARAB

I.
THE BLUE SCARAB

Medico-legal practice is largely concerned with crimes against the person,
the details of which are often sordid, gruesome and unpleasant. Hence the
curious and romantic case of the Blue Scarab (though really outside our
specialty) came as somewhat of a relief. But to me it is of interest
principally as illustrating two of those remarkable gifts which made my
friend, Thorndyke, unique as an investigator: his uncanny power of picking
out the one essential fact at a glance, and his capacity to produce, when
required, inexhaustible stores of unexpected knowledge of the most out-of-
the-way subjects.
It was late in the afternoon when Mr. James Blowgrave arrived, by
appointment, at our chambers, accompanied by his daughter, a rather
strikingly pretty girl of about twenty-two; and when we had mutually
introduced ourselves, the consultation began without preamble.
“I didn’t give any details in my letter to you,” said Mr. Blowgrave. “I
thought it better not to, for fear you might decline the case. It is really a
matter of a robbery, but not quite an ordinary robbery. There are some
unusual and rather mysterious features in the case. And as the police hold
out very little hope, I have come to ask if you will give me your opinion on
the case and perhaps look into it for me. But first I had better tell you how
the affair happened.
“The robbery occurred just a fortnight ago, about half-past nine o’clock
in the evening. I was sitting in my study with my daughter, looking over

some things that I had taken from a small deed-box, when a servant rushed
in to tell us that one of the outbuildings was on fire. Now my study opens
by a French window on the garden at the back, and, as the outbuilding was
in a meadow at the side of the garden, I went out that way, leaving the
French window open; but before going I hastily put the things back in the
deed-box and locked it.
“The building—which I used partly as a lumber store and partly as a
workshop—was well alight and the whole household was already on the
spot, the boy working the pump and the two maids carrying the buckets and
throwing water on the fire. My daughter and I joined the party and helped to
carry the buckets and take out what goods we could reach from the burning
building. But it was nearly half an hour before we got the fire completely
extinguished, and then my daughter and I went to our rooms to wash and
tidy ourselves up. We returned to the study together, and when I had shut
the French window my daughter proposed that we should resume our
interrupted occupation. Thereupon I took out of my pocket the key of the
deed-box and turned to the cabinet on which the box always stood.
“But there was no deed-box there!
“For a moment I thought I must have moved it, and cast my eyes round
the room in search of it. But it was nowhere to be seen, and a moment’s
reflection reminded me that I had left it in its usual place. The only possible
conclusion was that during our absence at the fire, somebody must have
come in by the window and taken it. And it looked as if that somebody had
deliberately set fire to the outbuilding for the express purpose of luring us
all out of the house.”
“That is what the appearances suggest,” Thorndyke agreed. “Is the study
window furnished with a blind or curtains?”
“Curtains,” replied Mr. Blowgrave. “But they were not drawn. Any one
in the garden could have seen into the room; and the garden is easily
accessible to an active person who could climb over a low wall.”
“So far, then,” said Thorndyke, “the robbery might be the work of a
casual prowler who had got into the garden and watched you through the
window, and assuming that the things you had taken from the box were of
value, seized an easy opportunity to make off with them. Were the things of
any considerable value?”
“To a thief they were of no value at all. There were a number of share
certificates, a lease, one or two agreements, some family photographs and a

small box containing an old letter and a scarab. Nothing worth stealing, you
see, for the certificates were made out in my name and were therefore
unnegotiable.”
“And the scarab?”
“That may have been lapis lazuli, but more probably it was a blue glass
imitation. In any case it was of no considerable value. It was about an inch
and a half long. But before you come to any conclusion, I had better finish
the story. The robbery was on Tuesday, the 7th of June. I gave information
to the police, with a description of the missing property, but nothing
happened until Wednesday, the 15th, when I received a registered parcel
bearing the Southampton postmark. On opening it I found, to my
astonishment, the entire contents of the deed-box, with the exception of the
scarab, and this rather mysterious communication.”
He took from his pocket-book and handed to Thorndyke an ordinary
envelope addressed in typewritten characters, and sealed with a large,
elliptical seal, the face of which was covered with minute hieroglyphics.
“This,” said Thorndyke, “I take to be an impression of the scarab; and an
excellent impression it is.”
“Yes,” replied Mr. Blowgrave, “I have no doubt that it is the scarab. It is
about the same size.”
Thorndyke looked quickly at our client with an expression of surprise.
“But,” he asked, “don’t you recognize the hieroglyphics on it?”
Mr. Blowgrave smiled deprecatingly. “The fact is,” said he, “I don’t
know anything about hieroglyphics, but I should say, as far as I can judge,
these look the same. What do you think, Nellie?”
Miss Blowgrave looked at the seal—rather vaguely—and replied, “I am
in the same position. Hieroglyphics are to me just funny-looking things that
don’t mean anything. But these look the same to me as those on our scarab,
though I expect any other hieroglyphics would, for that matter.”
Thorndyke made no comment on this statement, but examined the seal
attentively through his lens. Then he drew out the contents of the envelope,
consisting of two letters, one typewritten and the other in a faded brown
handwriting. The former he read through and then inspected the paper
closely, holding it up to the light to observe the watermark.
“The paper appears to be of Belgian manufacture,” he remarked, passing
it to me. I confirmed this observation and then read the letter, which was
headed “Southampton” and ran thus:—

Dear old pal,
I am sending you back some trifles removed in error. The
ancient document is enclosed with this, but the curio is at present
in the custody of my respected uncle. Hope its temporary loss will
not inconvenience you, and that I may be able to return it to you
later. Meanwhile, believe me,

Your ever affectionate,
Rudolpho.

“Who is Rudolpho?” I asked.
“The Lord knows,” replied Mr. Blowgrave. “A pseudonym of our absent
friend, I presume. He seems to be a facetious sort of person.”
“He does,” agreed Thorndyke. “This letter and the seal appear to be what
the schoolboys would call a leg-pull. But still, this is all quite normal. He
has returned you the worthless things and has kept the one thing that has
any sort of negotiable value. Are you quite clear that the scarab is not more
valuable than you have assumed?”
“Well,” said Mr. Blowgrave, “I have had an expert opinion on it. I
showed it to M. Fouquet, the Egyptologist, when he was over here from
Brussels a few months ago, and his opinion was that it was a worthless
imitation. Not only was it not a genuine scarab, but the inscription was a
sham, too; just a collection of hieroglyphic characters jumbled together
without sense or meaning.”
“Then,” said Thorndyke, taking another look at the seal through his lens,
“it would seem that Rudolpho, or Rudolpho’s uncle, has got a bad bargain.
Which doesn’t throw much light on the affair.”
At this point Miss Blowgrave intervened. “I think, father,” said she, “you
have not given Dr. Thorndyke quite all the facts about the scarab. He ought
to be told about its connection with Uncle Reuben.”
As the girl spoke Thorndyke looked at her with a curious expression of
suddenly awakened interest. Later I understood the meaning of that look,
but at the time there seemed to me nothing particularly arresting in her
words.
“It is just a family tradition,” Mr. Blowgrave said deprecatingly.
“Probably it is all nonsense.”

“Well, let us have it, at any rate,” said Thorndyke. “We may get some
light from it.”
Thus urged, Mr. Blowgrave hemmed a little shyly and began:
“The story concerns my great-grandfather, Silas Blowgrave, and his
doings during the war with France. It seems that he commanded a privateer,
of which he and his brother Reuben were the joint owners, and that in the
course of their last cruise, they acquired a very remarkable and valuable
collection of jewels. Goodness knows how they got them; not very honestly,
I suspect, for they appear to have been a pair of precious rascals. Something
has been said about the loot from a South American church or cathedral, but
there is really nothing known about the affair. There are no documents. It is
mere oral tradition and very vague and sketchy. The story goes that when
they had sold off the ship, they came down to live at Shawstead in
Hertfordshire, Silas occupying the manor house—in which I live at present
—and Reuben a farm-house adjoining. The bulk of the loot they shared out
at the end of the cruise, but the jewels were kept apart to be dealt with later
—perhaps when the circumstances under which they had been acquired had
been forgotten. However, both men were inveterate gamblers, and it seems
—according to the testimony of a servant of Reuben’s who overheard them
—that on a certain night when they had been playing heavily, they decided
to finish up by playing for the whole collection of jewels as a single stake.
Silas, who had the jewels in his custody, was seen to go to the manor house
and return to Reuben’s house carrying a small, iron-bound chest.
“Apparently they played late into the night, after every one else but the
servant had gone to bed, and the luck was with Reuben, though it seems
probable that he gave luck some assistance. At any rate, when the play was
finished and the chest handed over, Silas roundly accused him of cheating,
and we may assume that a pretty serious quarrel took place. Exactly what
happened is not clear, for when the quarrel began Reuben dismissed the
servant, who retired to her bedroom in a distant part of the house. But in the
morning it was discovered that Reuben and the chest of jewels had both
disappeared, and there were distinct traces of blood in the room in which
the two men had been playing. Silas professed to know nothing about the
disappearance; but a strong—and probably just—suspicion arose that he
had murdered his brother and made away with the jewels. The result was
that Silas also disappeared, and for a long time his whereabouts was not
known even by his wife. Later it transpired that he had taken up his abode,

under an assumed name, in Egypt, and that he had developed an
enthusiastic interest in the then new science of Egyptology—the Rosetta
Stone had been deciphered only a few years previously. After a time he
resumed communication with his wife, but never made any statement as to
the mystery of his brother’s disappearance. A few months before his death
he visited his home in disguise and he then handed to his wife a little sealed
packet which was to be delivered to his only son, William, on his attaining
the age of twenty-one. That packet contained the scarab and the letter which
you have taken from the envelope.”
“Am I to read it?” asked Thorndyke.
“Certainly, if you think it worth while,” was the reply.
Thorndyke opened the yellow sheet of paper and, glancing through the
brown and faded writing, read aloud:

Cairo, 4th March, 1833.
My dear Son,
I am sending you, as my last gift, a valuable scarab, and a few
words of counsel on which I would bid you meditate. Believe me,
there is much wisdom in the lore of Old Egypt. Make it your own.
Treasure the scarab as a precious inheritance. Handle it often but
show it to none. Give your Uncle Reuben Christian burial. It is
your duty, and you will have your reward. He robbed your father,
but he shall make restitution.
Farewell!

Your affectionate father,
Silas Blowgrave.

As Thorndyke laid down the letter he looked inquiringly at our client.
“Well,” he said, “here are some plain instructions. How have they been
carried out?”
“They haven’t been carried out at all,” replied Mr. Blowgrave. “As to his
son William, my grandfather, he was not disposed to meddle in the matter.
This seemed to be a frank admission that Silas killed his brother and
concealed the body, and William didn’t choose to reopen the scandal.
Besides, the instructions are not so very plain. It is all very well to say,

‘Give your Uncle Reuben Christian burial,’ but where the deuce is Uncle
Reuben?”
“It is plainly hinted,” said Thorndyke, “that whoever gives the body
Christian burial will stand to benefit, and the word ‘restitution’ seems to
suggest a clue to the whereabouts of the jewels. Has no one thought it worth
while to find out where the body is deposited?”
“But how could they?” demanded Blowgrave. “He doesn’t give the
faintest clue. He talks as if his son knew where the body was. And then, you
know, even supposing Silas did not take the jewels with him, there was the
question, whose property were they? To begin with, they were pretty
certainly stolen property, though no one knows where they came from.
Then Reuben apparently got them from Silas by fraud, and Silas got them
back by robbery and murder. If William had discovered them he would have
had to give them up to Reuben’s sons, and yet they weren’t strictly
Reuben’s property. No one had an undeniable claim to them, even if they
could have found them.”
“But that is not the case now,” said Miss Blowgrave.
“No,” said Mr. Blowgrave, in answer to Thorndyke’s look of inquiry.
“The position is quite clear now. Reuben’s grandson, my cousin Arthur, has
died recently, and as he had no children, he has dispersed his property. The
old farm-house and the bulk of his estate he has left to a nephew, but he
made a small bequest to my daughter and named her as the residuary
legatee. So that whatever rights Reuben had to the jewels are now vested in
her, and on my death she will be Silas’s heir, too. As a matter of fact,” Mr.
Blowgrave continued, “we were discussing this very question on the night
of the robbery. I may as well tell you that my girl will be left pretty poorly
off when I go, for there is a heavy mortgage on our property and mighty
little capital. Uncle Reuben’s jewels would have made the old home secure
for her if we could have laid our hands on them. However, I mustn’t take up
your time with our domestic affairs.”
“Your domestic affairs are not entirely irrelevant,” said Thorndyke. “But
what is it that you want me to do in the matter?”
“Well,” said Blowgrave, “my house has been robbed and my premises set
fire to. The police can apparently do nothing. They say there is no clue at all
unless the robbery was committed by somebody in the house, which is
absurd, seeing that the servants were all engaged in putting out the fire. But
I want the robber traced and punished, and I want to get the scarab back. It

may be intrinsically valueless, as M. Fouquet said, but Silas’s testamentary
letter seems to indicate that it had some value. At any rate, it is an heirloom,
and I am loath to lose it. It seems a presumptuous thing to ask you to
investigate a trumpery robbery, but I should take it as a great kindness if
you would look into the matter.”
“Cases of robbery pure and simple,” replied Thorndyke, “are rather alien
to my ordinary practice, but in this one there are certain curious features
that seem to make an investigation worth while. Yes, Mr. Blowgrave, I will
look into the case, and I have some hope that we may be able to lay our
hands on the robber, in spite of the apparent absence of clues. I will ask you
to leave both these letters for me to examine more minutely, and I shall
probably want to make an inspection of the premises—perhaps to-morrow.”
“Whenever you like,” said Blowgrave. “I am delighted that you are
willing to undertake the inquiry. I have heard so much about you from my
friend Stalker, of the Griffin Life Assurance Company, for whom you have
acted on several occasions.”
“Before you go,” said Thorndyke, “there is one point that we must clear
up. Who is there besides yourselves that knows of the existence of the
scarab and this letter and the history attaching to them?”
“I really can’t say,” replied Blowgrave. “No one has seen them but my
cousin Arthur. I once showed them to him, and he may have talked about
them in the family. I didn’t treat the matter as a secret.”
*******
When our visitors had gone we discussed the bearings of the case.
“It is quite a romantic story,” said I, “and the robbery has its points of
interest, but I am rather inclined to agree with the police—there is mighty
little to go on.”
“There would have been less,” said Thorndyke, “if our sporting friend
hadn’t been so pleased with himself. That typewritten letter was a piece of
gratuitous impudence. Our gentleman overrated his security and crowed too
loud.”
“I don’t see that there is much to be gleaned from the letter, all the same,”
said I.
“I am sorry to hear you say that, Jervis,” he exclaimed, “because I was
proposing to hand the letter over to you to examine and report on.”

“I was only referring to the superficial appearances,” I said hastily. “No
doubt a detailed examination will bring something more distinctive into
view.”
“I have no doubt it will,” he said, “and as there are reasons for pushing
on the investigation as quickly as possible, I suggest that you get to work at
once. I shall occupy myself with the old letter and the envelope.”
On this I began my examination without delay, and as a preliminary I
proceeded to take a facsimile photograph of the letter by putting it in a large
printing-frame with a sensitive plate and a plate of clear glass. The resulting
negative showed not only the typewritten lettering, but also the watermark
and wire lines of the paper, and a faint grease spot. Next I turned my
attention to the lettering itself, and here I soon began to accumulate quite a
number of identifiable peculiarities. The machine was apparently a Corona,
fitted with the small “Elite” type, and the alignment was markedly
defective. The “lower case”—or small—“a” was well below the line,
although the capital “A” appeared to be correctly placed; the “u” was
slightly above the line, and the small “m” was partly clogged with dirt.
Up to this point I had been careful to manipulate the letter with forceps
(although it had been handled by at least three persons, to my knowledge),
and I now proceeded to examine it for finger-prints. As I could detect none
by mere inspection, I dusted the back of the paper with finely-powdered
fuchsin, and distributed the powder by tapping the paper lightly. This
brought into view quite a number of finger-prints, especially round the
edges of the letter, and though most of them were very faint and shadowy, it
was possible to make out the ridge pattern well enough for our purpose.
Having blown off the excess of powder, I took the letter to the room where
the large copying camera was set up, to photograph it before developing the
finger-prints on the front. But here I found our laboratory assistant, Polton,
in possession, with the sealed envelope fixed to the copying easel.
“I shan’t be a minute, sir,” said he. “The doctor wants an enlarged
photograph of this seal. I’ve got the plate in.”
I waited while he made his exposure and then proceeded to take the
photograph of the letter, or rather of the finger-prints on the back of it.
When I had developed the negative I powdered the front of the letter and
brought out several more finger-prints—mostly thumbs this time. They
were a little difficult to see where they were imposed on the lettering, but,
as the latter was bright blue and the fuchsin powder was red, this confusion

disappeared in the photograph, in which the lettering was almost invisible
while the finger-prints were more distinct than they had appeared to the eye.
This completed my examination, and when I had verified the make of
typewriter by reference to our album of specimens of typewriting, I left the
negatives for Polton to dry and print and went down to the sitting-room to
draw up my little report. I had just finished this and was speculating on
what had become of Thorndyke, when I heard his quick step on the stair
and a few moments later he entered with a roll of paper in his hand. This he
unrolled on the table, fixing it open with one or two lead paper-weights, and
I came round to inspect it, when I found it to be a sheet of the Ordnance
map on the scale of twenty-five inches to the mile.
“Here is the Blowgraves’ place,” said Thorndyke, “nearly in the middle
of the sheet. This is his house—Shawstead Manor—and that will probably
be the outbuilding that was on fire. I take it that the house marked Dingle
Farm is the one that Uncle Reuben occupied.”
“Probably,” I agreed. “But I don’t see why you wanted this map if you
are going down to the place itself to-morrow.”
“The advantage of a map,” said Thorndyke, “is that you can see all over
it at once and get the lie of the land well into your mind; and you can
measure all distances accurately and quickly with a scale and a pair of
dividers. When we go down to-morrow, we shall know our way about as
well as Blowgrave himself.”
“And what use will that be?” I asked. “Where does the topography come
into the case?”
“Well, Jervis,” he replied, “there is the robber, for instance; he came from
somewhere and he went somewhere. A study of the map may give us a hint
as to his movements. But here comes Polton ‘with the documents,’ as poor
Miss Flite would say. What have you got for us, Polton?”
“They aren’t quite dry, sir,” said Polton, laying four large bromide prints
on the table. “There’s the

Thorndyke’s tracing of the impression of the Scarab

enlargement of the seal—ten by eight, mounted—and three unmounted
prints of Dr. Jervis’s.”
Thorndyke looked at my photographs critically. “They’re excellent,
Jervis,” said he. “The finger-prints are perfectly legible, though faint. I only
hope some of them are the right ones. That is my left thumb. I don’t see
yours. The small one is presumably Miss Blowgrave’s. We must take her
finger-prints to-morrow, and her father’s, too. Then we shall know if we
have got any of the robber’s.” He ran his eye over my report and nodded
approvingly. “There is plenty there to enable us to identify the typewriter if
we can get hold of it, and the paper is very distinctive. What do you think of
the seal?” he added, laying the enlarged photograph before me.
“It is magnificent,” I replied, with a grin. “Perfectly monumental.”
“What are you grinning at?” he demanded.

“I was thinking that you seem to be counting your chickens in pretty
good time,” said I. “You are making elaborate preparations to identify the
scarab, but you are rather disregarding the classical advice of the prudent
Mrs. Glasse.”
“I have a presentiment that we shall get that scarab,” said he. “At any rate
we ought to be in a position to identify it instantly and certainly if we are
able to get a sight of it.”
“We are not likely to,” said I. “Still, there is no harm in providing for the
improbable.”
This was evidently Thorndyke’s view, and he certainly made ample
provision for this most improbable contingency; for, having furnished
himself with a drawing-board and a sheet of tracing-paper, he pinned the
latter over the photograph on the board and proceeded, with a fine pen and
hectograph ink, to make a careful and minute tracing of the intricate and
bewildering hieroglyphic inscription on the seal. When he had finished it he
transferred it to a clay duplicator and took off half a dozen copies, one of
which he handed to me. I looked at it dubiously and remarked: “You have
said that the medical jurist must make all knowledge his province. Has he
got to be an Egyptologist, too?”
“He will be the better medical jurist if he is,” was the reply, of which I
made a mental note for my future guidance. But meanwhile Thorndyke’s
proceedings were, to me, perfectly incomprehensible. What was his object
in making this minute tracing? The seal itself was sufficient for
identification. I lingered awhile hoping that some fresh development might
throw a light on the mystery. But his next proceeding was like to have
reduced me to stupefaction. I saw him go to the bookshelves and take down
a book. As he laid it on the table I glanced at the title, and when I saw that it
was Raper’s “Navigation Tables” I stole softly out into the lobby, put on my
hat and went for a walk.
When I returned the investigation was apparently concluded, for
Thorndyke was seated in his easy chair, placidly reading “The Compleat
Angler.” On the table lay a large circular protractor, a straight-edge, an
architect’s scale and a sheet of tracing-paper on which was a tracing in
hectograph ink of Shawstead Manor.
“Why did you make this tracing?” I asked. “Why not take the map
itself?”

“We don’t want the whole of it,” he replied, “and I dislike cutting up
maps.”

By taking an informal lunch in the train, we arrived at Shawstead Manor
by half-past two. Our approach up the drive had evidently been observed,
for Blowgrave and his daughter were waiting at the porch to receive us. The
former came forward with outstretched hand, but a distinctly woebegone
expression, and exclaimed: “It is most kind of you to come down; but alas!
you are too late.”
“Too late for what?” demanded Thorndyke.
“I will show you,” replied Blowgrave, and seizing my colleague by the
arm, he strode off excitedly to a little wicket at the side of the house, and,
passing through it, hurried along a narrow alley that skirted the garden wall
and ended in a large meadow, at one end of which stood a dilapidated
windmill. Across this meadow he bustled, dragging my colleague with him,
until he reached a heap of freshly-turned earth, where he halted and pointed
tragically to a spot where the turf had evidently been raised and untidily
replaced.
“There!” he exclaimed, stooping to pull up the loose turfs and thereby
exposing what was evidently a large hole, recently and hastily filled in.
“That was done last night or early this morning, for I walked over this
meadow only yesterday evening and there was no sign of disturbed ground
then.”
Thorndyke stood looking down at the hole with a faint smile. “And what
do you infer from that?” he asked.
“Infer!” shrieked Blowgrave. “Why, I infer that whoever dug this hole
was searching for Uncle Reuben and the lost jewels!”
“I am inclined to agree with you,” Thorndyke said calmly. “He happened
to search in the wrong place, but that is his affair.”
“The wrong place!” Blowgrave and his daughter exclaimed in unison.
“How do you know it is the wrong place?”
“Because,” replied Thorndyke, “I believe I know the right place, and this
is not it. But we can put the matter to the test, and we had better do so. Can
you get a couple of men with picks and shovels? Or shall we handle the
tools ourselves?”
“I think that would be better,” said Blowgrave, who was quivering with
excitement. “We don’t want to take any one into our confidence if we can

help it.”
“No,” Thorndyke agreed. “Then I suggest that you fetch the tools while I
locate the spot.”
Blowgrave assented eagerly and went off at a brisk trot, while the young
lady remained with us and watched Thorndyke with intense curiosity.
“I mustn’t interrupt you with questions,” said she, “but I can’t imagine
how you found out where Uncle Reuben was buried.”
“We will go into that later,” he replied; “but first we have got to find
Uncle Reuben.” He laid his research-case down on the ground, and opening
it, took out three sheets of paper, each bearing a duplicate of his tracing of
the map; and on each was marked a spot on this meadow from which a
number of lines radiated like the spokes of a wheel.
“You see, Jervis,” he said, exhibiting them to me, “the advantage of a
map. I have been able to rule off these sets of bearings regardless of
obstructions, such as those young trees, which have arisen since Silas’s day,
and mark the spot in its correct place. If the recent obstructions prevent us
from taking the bearings, we can still find the spot by measurements with
the land-chain or tape.”
“Why have you got three plans?” I asked.
“Because there are three imaginable places. No. 1 is the most likely; No.
2 less likely, but possible; No. 3 is impossible. That is the one that our
friend tried last night. No. 1 is among those young trees, and we will now
see if we can pick up the bearings in spite of them.”
We moved on to the clump of young trees, where Thorndyke took from
the research-case a tall, folding camera-tripod and a large prismatic
compass with an aluminium dial. With the latter he took one or two trial
bearings and then, setting up the tripod, fixed the compass on it. For some
minutes Miss Blowgrave and I watched him as he shifted the tripod from
spot to spot, peering through the sight-vane of the compass and glancing
occasionally at the map. At length he turned to us and said:
“We are in luck. None of these trees interferes with our bearings.” He
took from the research-case a surveyor’s arrow, and sticking it in the ground
under the tripod, added: “That is the spot. But we may have to dig a good
way round it, for a compass is only a rough instrument.”
At this moment Mr. Blowgrave staggered up, breathing hard, and flung
down on the ground three picks, two shovels and a spade. “I won’t hinder
you, Doctor, by asking for explanations,” said he, “but I am utterly

mystified. You must tell us what it all means when we have finished our
work.”
This Thorndyke promised to do, but meanwhile he took off his coat, and
rolling up his shirt sleeves, seized the spade and began cutting out a large
square of turf. As the soil was uncovered, Blowgrave and I attacked it with
picks and Miss Blowgrave shovelled away the loose earth.
“Do you know how far down we have to go?” I asked.
“The body lies six feet below the surface,” Thorndyke replied; and as he
spoke he laid down his spade, and taking a telescope from the research-
case, swept it round the margin of the meadow and finally pointed it at a
farm-house some six hundred yards distant, of which he made a somewhat
prolonged inspection, after which he took the remaining pick and fell to
work on the opposite corner of the exposed square of earth.
For nearly half an hour we worked on steadily, gradually eating our way
downwards, plying pick and shovel alternately, while Miss Blowgrave
cleared the loose earth away from the edges of the deepening pit. Then a
halt was called and we came to the surface, wiping our faces.
“I think, Nellie,” said Blowgrave, divesting himself of his waistcoat, “a
jug of lemonade and four tumblers would be useful, unless our visitors
would prefer beer.”
We both gave our votes for lemonade, and Miss Nellie tripped away
towards the house, while Thorndyke, taking up his telescope, once more
inspected the farm-house.
“You seem greatly interested in that house,” I remarked.
“I am,” he replied, handing me the telescope. “Just take a look at the
window in the right hand gable, but keep under the tree.”
I pointed the telescope at the gable and there observed an open window at
which a man was seated. He held a binocular glass to his eyes and the
instrument appeared to be directed at us.
“We are being spied on, I fancy,” said I, passing the telescope to
Blowgrave, “but I suppose it doesn’t matter. This is your land, isn’t it?”
“Yes,” replied Blowgrave, “but still, we didn’t want any spectators. That
is Harold Bowker,” he added, steadying the telescope against a tree, “my
cousin Arthur’s nephew, whom I told you about as having inherited the
farm-house. He seems mighty interested in us; but small things interest one
in the country.”

Here the appearance of Miss Nellie, advancing across the meadow with
an inviting looking basket, diverted our attention from our inquisitive
watcher. Six thirsty eyes were riveted on that basket until it drew near and
presently disgorged a great glass jug and four tumblers, when we each took
off a long and delicious draught and then jumped down into the pit to
resume our labours.
Another half-hour passed. We had excavated in some places to nearly the
full depth and were just discussing the advisability of another short rest
when Blowgrave, who was working in one corner, uttered a loud cry and
stood up suddenly, holding something in his fingers. A glance at the object
showed it to be a bone, brown and earth-stained, but evidently a bone.
Evidently, too, a human bone, as Thorndyke decided when Blowgrave
handed it to him triumphantly.
“We have been very fortunate,” said he, “to get so near at the first trial.
This is from the right great toe, so we may assume that the skeleton lies just
outside this pit, but we had better excavate carefully in your corner and see
exactly how the bones lie.” This he proceeded to do himself, probing
cautiously with the spade and clearing the earth away from the corner. Very
soon the remaining bones of the right foot came into view and then the ends
of the two leg-bones and a portion of the left foot.
“We can see now,” said he, “how the skeleton lies, and all we have to do
is to extend the excavation in that direction. But there is only room for one
to work down here. I think you and Mr. Blowgrave had better dig down
from the surface.”
On this, I climbed out of the pit, followed reluctantly by Blowgrave, who
still held the little brown bone in his hand and was in a state of wild
excitement and exultation that somewhat scandalized his daughter.
“It seems rather ghoulish,” she remarked, “to be gloating over poor Uncle
Reuben’s body in this way.”
“I know,” said Blowgrave, “it isn’t reverent. But I didn’t kill Uncle
Reuben, you know, whereas—well it was a long time ago.” With this rather
inconsequent conclusion he took a draught of lemonade, seized his pick and
fell to work with a will. I, too, indulged in a draught and passed a full
tumbler down to Thorndyke. But before resuming my labours I picked up
the telescope and once more inspected the farm-house. The window was
still open, but the watcher had apparently become bored with the not very
thrilling spectacle. At any rate he had disappeared.

From this time onward every few minutes brought some discovery. First,
a pair of deeply rusted steel shoe buckles; then one or two buttons, and
presently a fine gold watch with a fob-chain and a bunch of seals, looking
uncannily new and fresh and seeming more fraught with tragedy than even
the bones themselves. In his cautious digging, Thorndyke was careful not to
disturb the skeleton; and looking down into the narrow trench that was
growing from the corner of the pit, I could see both legs, with only the right
foot missing, projecting from the miniature cliff. Meanwhile our part of the
trench was deepening rapidly, so that Thorndyke presently warned us to
stop digging and bade us come down and shovel away the earth as he
disengaged it.
At length the whole skeleton, excepting the head, was uncovered, though
it lay undisturbed as it might have lain in its coffin. And now, as Thorndyke
picked away the earth around the head, we could see that the skull was
propped forward as if it rested on a high pillow. A little more careful
probing with the pick-point served to explain this appearance. For as the
earth fell away and disclosed the grinning skull, there came into view the
edge and iron-bound corners of a small chest.
It was an impressive spectacle; weird, solemn and rather dreadful. There
for over a century the ill-fated gambler had lain, his mouldering head
pillowed on the booty of unrecorded villainy, booty that had been won by
fraud, retrieved by violence, and hidden at last by the final winner with the
witness of his crime.
“Here is a fine text for a moralist who would preach on the vanity of
riches,” said Thorndyke.
We all stood silent for a while, gazing, not without awe, at the stark
figure that lay guarding the ill-gotten treasure. Miss Blowgrave—who had
been helped down when we descended—crept closer to her father and
murmured that it was “rather awful”; while Blowgrave himself displayed a
queer mixture of exultation and shuddering distaste.
Suddenly the silence was broken by a voice from above, and we all
looked up with a start. A youngish man was standing on the brink of the pit,
looking down on us with very evident disapproval.
“It seems that I have come just in the nick of time,” observed the new-
comer. “I shall have to take possession of that chest, you know, and of the
remains, too, I suppose. That is my ancestor, Reuben Blowgrave.”

“Well, Harold,” said Blowgrave, “you can have Uncle Reuben if you
want him. But the chest belongs to Nellie.”
Here Mr. Harold Bowker—I recognized him now as the watcher from the
window—dropped down into the pit and advanced with something of a
swagger.
“I am Reuben’s heir,” said he, “through my Uncle Arthur, and I take
possession of this property and the remains.”
“Pardon me, Harold,” said Blowgrave, “but Nellie is Arthur’s residuary
legatee, and this is the residue of the estate.”
“Rubbish!” exclaimed Bowker. “By the way, how did you find out where
he was buried?”
“Oh, that was quite simple,” replied Thorndyke with unexpected
geniality. “I’ll show you the plan.” He climbed up to the surface and
returned in a few moments with the three tracings and his letter-case. “This
is how we located the spot.” He handed the plan marked No. 3 to Bowker,
who took it from him and stood looking at it with a puzzled frown.
“But this isn’t the place,” he said at length.
“Isn’t it?” queried Thorndyke. “No, of course; I’ve given you the wrong
one. This is the plan.” He handed Bowker the plan marked No. 1, and took
the other from him, laying it down on a heap of earth. Then, as Bowker
pored gloomily over No. 1, he took a knife and a pencil from his pocket,
and with his back to our visitor, scraped the lead of the pencil, letting the
black powder fall on the plan that he had just laid down. I watched him with
some curiosity; and when I observed that the black scrapings fell on two
spots near the edges of the paper, a sudden suspicion flashed into my mind,
which was confirmed when I saw him tap the paper lightly with his pencil,
gently blow away the powder, and quickly producing my photograph of the
typewritten letter from his case, hold it for a moment beside the plan.
“This is all very well,” said Bowker, looking up from the plan, “but how
did you find out about these bearings?”
Thorndyke swiftly replaced the letter in his case, and turning round,
replied, “I am afraid I can’t give you any further information.”
“Can’t you, indeed!” Bowker exclaimed insolently. “Perhaps I shall
compel you to. But, at any rate, I forbid any of you to lay hands on my
property.”
Thorndyke looked at him steadily and said in an ominously quiet tone:

“Now, listen to me, Mr. Bowker. Let us have an end of this nonsense.
You have played a risky game and you have lost. How much you have lost I
can’t say until I know whether Mr. Blowgrave intends to prosecute.”
“To prosecute!” shouted Bowker. “What the deuce do you mean by
prosecute?”
“I mean,” said Thorndyke, “that on the 7th of June, after nine o’clock at
night, you entered the dwelling-house of Mr. Blowgrave and stole and
carried away certain of his goods and chattels. A part of them you have
restored, but you are still in possession of some of the stolen property, to
wit, a scarab and a deed-box.”
As Thorndyke made this statement in his calm, level tones, Bowker’s
face blanched to a tallowy white, and he stood staring at my colleague, the
very picture of astonishment and dismay. But he fired a last shot.
“This is sheer midsummer madness,” he exclaimed huskily; “and you
know it.”
Thorndyke turned to our host. “It is for you to settle, Mr. Blowgrave,”
said he. “I hold conclusive evidence that Mr. Bowker stole your deed-box.
If you decide to prosecute I shall produce that evidence in court and he will
certainly be convicted.”
Blowgrave and his daughter looked at the accused man with an
embarrassment almost equal to his own.
“I am astounded,” the former said at length; “but I don’t want to be
vindictive. Look here, Harold, hand over the scarab and we’ll say no more
about it.”
“You can’t do that,” said Thorndyke. “The law doesn’t allow you to
compound a robbery. He can return the property if he pleases and you can
do as you think best about prosecuting. But you can’t make conditions.”
There was silence for some seconds; then, without another word, the
crestfallen adventurer turned, and scrambling up out of the pit, took a hasty
departure.

It was nearly a couple of hours later that, after a leisurely wash and a
hasty, nondescript meal, we carried the little chest from the dining-room to
the study. Here, when he had closed the French window and drawn the
curtains, Mr. Blowgrave produced a set of tools and we fell to work on the
iron fastenings of the chest. It was no light task, though a century’s rust had
thinned the stout bands, but at length the lid yielded to the thrust of a long

case-opener and rose with a protesting creak. The chest was lined with a
double thickness of canvas, apparently part of a sail, and contained a
number of small leathern bags, which, as we lifted them out, one by one,
felt as if they were filled with pebbles. But when we untied the thongs of
one and emptied its contents into a wooden bowl, Blowgrave heaved a sigh
of ecstasy and Miss Nellie uttered a little scream of delight. They were all
cut stones, and most of them of exceptional size; rubies, emeralds,
sapphires, and a few diamonds. As to their value, we could form but the
vaguest guess; but Thorndyke, who was a fair judge of gem-stones, gave it
as his opinion that they were fine specimens of their kind, though roughly
cut, and that they had probably formed the enrichment of some shrine.
“The question is,” said Blowgrave, gazing gloatingly on the bowl of
sparkling gems, “what are we to do with them?”
“I suggest,” said Thorndyke, “that Dr. Jervis stays here to-night to help
you to guard them and that in the morning you take them up to London and
deposit them at your bank.”
Blowgrave fell in eagerly with this suggestion, which I seconded. “But,”
said he, “that chest is a queer-looking package to be carrying abroad. Now,
if we only had that confounded deed-box——”
“There’s a deed-box on the cabinet behind you,” said Thorndyke.
Blowgrave turned round sharply. “God bless us!” he exclaimed. “It has
come back the way it went. Harold must have slipped in at the window
while we were at tea. Well, I’m glad he has made restitution. When I look at
that bowl and think what he must have narrowly missed, I don’t feel
inclined to be hard on him. I suppose the scarab is inside—not that it
matters much now.”
The scarab was inside in an envelope; and as Thorndyke turned it over in
his hand and examined the hieroglyphics on it through his lens, Miss
Blowgrave asked: “Is it of any value, Dr. Thorndyke? It can’t have any
connection with the secret of the hiding-place, because you found the
jewels without it.
“By the way, Doctor, I don’t know whether it is permissible for me to
ask, but how on earth did you find out where the jewels were hidden? To
me it looks like black magic.”
Thorndyke laughed in a quiet, inward fashion. “There is nothing magical
about it,” said he. “It was a perfectly simple, straightforward problem. But
Miss Nellie is wrong. We had the scarab; that is to say we had the wax

impression of it, which is the same thing. And the scarab was the key to the
riddle. You see,” he continued, “Silas’s letter and the scarab formed together
a sort of intelligence test.”
“Did they?” said Blowgrave. “Then he drew a blank every time.”
Thorndyke chuckled. “His descendants were certainly a little lacking in
enterprise,” he admitted. “Silas’s instructions were perfectly plain and
explicit. Whoever would find the treasure must first acquire some
knowledge of Egyptian lore and must study the scarab attentively. It was the
broadest of hints, but no one—excepting Harold Bowker, who must have
heard about the scarab from his Uncle Arthur—seems to have paid any
attention to it.
“Now it happens that I have just enough elementary knowledge of the
hieroglyphic characters to enable me to spell them out when they are used
alphabetically; and as soon as I saw the seal, I could see that these
hieroglyphics formed English words. My attention was first attracted by the
second group of signs, which spelled the word ‘Reuben,’ and then I saw that
the first group spelled ‘Uncle.’ Of course, the instant I heard Miss Nellie
speak of the connection between the scarab and Uncle Reuben, the murder
was out. I saw at a glance that the scarab contained all the required
information. Last night I made a careful tracing of the hieroglyphics and
then rendered them into our own alphabet. This is the result.”
He took from his letter-case and spread out on the table a duplicate of the
tracing which I had seen him make, and of which he had given me a copy.
But since I had last seen it, it had received an addition; under each group of
signs the equivalents in modern Roman lettering had been written, and
these made the following words:

“UNKL RUBN IS IN TH MILL FIELD SKS FT DOWN
CHURCH SPIR NORTH TEN THIRTY EAST DINGL SOUTH
GABL NORTH ATY FORTY FIF WST GOD SAF KING JORJ.”

The transliteration of the hieroglyphics.

Our two friends gazed at Thorndyke’s transliteration in blank
astonishment. At length Blowgrave remarked: “But this translation must
have demanded a very profound knowledge of the Egyptian writing.”
“Not at all,” replied Thorndyke. “Any intelligent person could master the
Egyptian alphabet in an hour. The language, of course, is quite another
matter. The spelling of this is a little crude, but it is quite intelligible and
does Silas great credit, considering how little was known in his time.”
“How do you suppose M. Fouquet came to overlook this?” Blowgrave
asked.
“Naturally enough,” was the reply. “He was looking for an Egyptian
inscription. But this is not an Egyptian inscription. Does he speak English?”
“Very little. Practically not at all.”

“Then, as the words are English words and imperfectly spelt, the
hieroglyphics must have appeared to him mere nonsense. And he was right
as to the scarab being an imitation.”
“There is another point,” said Blowgrave. “How was it that Harold made
that extraordinary mistake about the place? The directions are clear enough.
All you had to do was to go out there with a compass and take the bearings
just as they were given.”
“But,” said Thorndyke, “that is exactly what he did, and hence the
mistake. He was apparently unaware of the phenomenon known as the
Secular Variation of the Compass. As you know, the compass does not—
usually—point to true north, but to the Magnetic North; and the Magnetic
North is continually changing its position. When Reuben was buried—
about 1810—it was twenty-four degrees, twenty-six minutes west of true
north; at the present time it is fourteen degrees, forty-eight minutes west of
true north. So Harold’s bearings would be no less than ten degrees out,
which, of course, gave him a totally wrong position. But Silas was a ship-
master, a navigator, and of course, knew all about the vagaries of the
compass; and, as his directions were intended for use at some date unknown
to him, I assumed that the bearings that he gave were true bearings—that
when he said ‘north’ he meant true north, which is always the same; and
this turned out to be the case. But I also prepared a plan with magnetic
bearings corrected up to date. Here are the three plans: No. 1—the one we
used—showing true bearings; No. 2, showing corrected magnetic bearings
which might have given us the correct spot; and No. 3, with uncorrected
magnetic bearings, giving us the spot where Harold dug, and which could
not possibly have been the right spot.”

On the following morning I escorted the deed-box, filled with the booty
and tied up and sealed with the scarab, to Mr. Blowgrave’s bank. And that
ended our connection with the case; excepting that, a month or two later, we
attended by request the unveiling in Shawstead churchyard of a fine
monument to Reuben Blowgrave. This took the slightly inappropriate form
of an obelisk, on which were cut the name and approximate dates, with the
added inscription: “Cast thy bread upon the waters and it shall return after
many days”; concerning which Thorndyke remarked dryly that he supposed
the exhortation applied equally even if the bread happened to belong to
some one else.

II.
THE CASE OF THE WHITE FOOT-PRINTS

“Well,” said my friend Foxton, pursuing a familiar and apparently
inexhaustible topic, “I’d sooner have your job than my own.”
“I’ve no doubt you would,” was my unsympathetic reply. “I never met a
man who wouldn’t. We all tend to consider other men’s jobs in terms of
their advantages and our own in terms of their drawbacks. It is human
nature.”
“Oh, it’s all very well for you to be so beastly philosophical,” retorted
Foxton. “You wouldn’t be if you were in my place. Here, in Margate, it’s
measles, chicken-pox and scarlatina all the summer, and bronchitis, colds
and rheumatism all the winter. A deadly monotony. Whereas you and
Thorndyke sit there in your chambers and let your clients feed you up with
the raw material of romance. Why, your life is a sort of everlasting Adelphi
drama.”
“You exaggerate, Foxton,” said I. “We, like you, have our routine work,
only it is never heard of outside the Law Courts; and you, like every other
doctor, must run up against mystery and romance from time to time.”
Foxton shook his head as he held out his hand for my cup. “I don’t,” said
he. “My practice yields nothing but an endless round of dull routine.”
And then, as if in commentary on this last statement, the housemaid burst
into the room and, with hardly dissembled agitation, exclaimed:
“If you please, sir, the page from Beddingfield’s Boarding House says
that a lady has been found dead in her bed and would you go round there
immediately.”
“Very well, Jane,” said Foxton, and as the maid retired, he deliberately
helped himself to another fried egg and, looking across the table at me,
exclaimed: “Isn’t that always the way? Come immediately—now—this
very instant, although the patient may have been considering for a day or
two whether he’ll send for you or not. But directly he decides, you must
spring out of bed, or jump up from your breakfast, and run.”

“That’s quite true,” I agreed; “but this really does seem to be an urgent
case.”
“What’s the urgency?” demanded Foxton. “The woman is already dead.
Any one would think she was in imminent danger of coming to life again
and that my instant arrival was the only thing that could prevent such a
catastrophe.”
“You’ve only a third-hand statement that she is dead,” said I. “It is just
possible that she isn’t; and even if she is, as you will have to give evidence
at the inquest, you don’t want the police to get there first and turn out the
room before you’ve made your inspection.”
“Gad!” exclaimed Foxton. “I hadn’t thought of that. Yes. You’re right. I’ll
hop round at once.”
He swallowed the remainder of the egg at a single gulp and rose from the
table. Then he paused and stood for a few moments looking down at me
irresolutely.
“I wonder, Jervis,” he said, “if you would mind coming round with me.
You know all the medico-legal ropes, and I don’t. What do you say?”
I agreed instantly, having, in fact, been restrained only by delicacy from
making the suggestion myself; and when I had fetched from my room my
pocket camera and telescopic tripod, we set forth together without further
delay.
Beddingfield’s Boarding House was but a few minutes’ walk from
Foxton’s residence, being situated near the middle of Ethelred Road,
Cliftonville, a quiet, suburban street which abounded in similar
establishments, many of which, I noticed, were undergoing a spring-
cleaning and renovation to prepare them for the approaching season.
“That’s the house,” said Foxton, “where that woman is standing at the
front door. Look at the boarders, collected at the dining-room window.
There’s a rare commotion in that house, I’ll warrant.”
Here, arriving at the house, he ran up the steps and accosted in
sympathetic tones the elderly woman who stood by the open street door.
“What a dreadful thing this is, Mrs. Beddingfield! Terrible! Most
distressing for you!”
“Ah, you’re right, Dr. Foxton,” she replied. “It’s an awful affair.
Shocking. So bad for business, too. I do hope and trust there won’t be any
scandal.”

“I’m sure I hope not,” said Foxton. “There shan’t be if I can help it. And
as my friend, Dr. Jervis, who is staying with me for a few days, is a lawyer
as well as a doctor, we shall have the best advice. When was the affair
discovered?”
“Just before I sent for you, Dr. Foxton. The maid noticed that Mrs.
Toussaint—that is the poor creature’s name—had not taken in her hot water,
so she knocked at the door. As she couldn’t get any answer, she tried the
door and found it bolted on the inside, and then she came and told me. I
went up and knocked loudly, and then, as I couldn’t get any reply, I told our
boy, James, to force the door open with a case-opener, which he did quite
easily as the bolt was only a small one. Then I went in, all of a tremble, for I
had a presentiment that there was something wrong; and there she was,
lying stone dead, with a most ’orrible stare on her face and an empty bottle
in her hand.”
“A bottle, eh!” said Foxton.
“Yes. She’d made away with herself, poor thing; and all on account of
some silly love affair—and it was hardly even that.”
“Ah,” said Foxton. “The usual thing. You must tell us about that later.
Now we’d better go up and see the patient—at least the—er—perhaps
you’ll show us the room, Mrs. Beddingfield.”
The landlady turned and preceded us up the stairs to the first-floor back,
where she paused, and softly opening a door, peered nervously into the
room. As we stepped past her and entered, she seemed inclined to follow,
but, at a significant glance from me, Foxton persuasively ejected her and
closed the door. Then we stood silent for a while and looked about us.
In the aspect of the room there was something strangely incongruous
with the tragedy that had been enacted within its walls; a mingling of the
commonplace and the terrible that almost amounted to anticlimax. Through
the wide-open window the bright spring sunshine streamed in on the garish
wall-paper and cheap furniture; from the street below, the periodic shouts of
a man selling “sole and mack-ro!” broke into the brisk staccato of a barrel-
organ and both sounds mingled with a raucous voice close at hand,
cheerfully trolling a popular song, and accounted for by a linen-clad elbow
that bobbed in front of the window and evidently appertained to a house
painter on an adjacent ladder.
It was all very commonplace and familiar and discordantly out of
character with the stark figure that lay on the bed like a waxen effigy

symbolic of tragedy. Here was none of that gracious somnolence in which
death often presents itself with a suggestion of eternal repose. This woman
was dead; horribly, aggressively dead. The thin, sallow face was rigid as
stone, the dark eyes stared into infinite space with a horrid fixity that was
quite disturbing to look on. And yet the posture of the corpse was not
uneasy, being, in fact, rather curiously symmetrical, with both arms outside
the bed-clothes and both hands closed, the right grasping, as Mrs.
Beddingfield had said, an empty bottle.
“Well,” said Foxton, as he stood looking down on the dead woman, “it
seems a pretty clear case. She appears to have laid herself out and kept hold
of the bottle so that there should be no mistake. How long do you suppose
this woman has been dead, Jervis?”
I felt the rigid limbs and tested the temperature of the body surface.
“Not less than six hours,” I replied. “Probably more. I should say that she
died about two o’clock this morning.”
“And that is about all we can say,” said Foxton, “until the post-mortem
has been made. Everything looks quite straightforward. No signs of a
struggle or marks of violence. That blood on the mouth is probably due to
her biting her lip when she drank from the bottle. Yes; here’s a little cut on
the inside of the lip, corresponding to the upper incisors. By the way, I
wonder if there is anything left in the bottle.”
As he spoke, he drew the small, unlabelled, green glass phial from the
closed hand—out of which it slipped quite easily—and held it up to the
light.
“Yes,” he exclaimed, “there’s more than a drachm left; quite enough for
an analysis. But I don’t recognize the smell. Do you?”
I sniffed at the bottle and was aware of a faint unfamiliar vegetable
odour.
“No,” I answered. “It appears to be a watery solution of some kind, but I
can’t give it a name. Where is the cork?”
“I haven’t seen it,” he replied. “Probably it is on the floor somewhere.”
We both stooped to look for the missing cork and presently found it in the
shadow, under the little bedside table. But, in the course of that brief search,
I found something else, which had indeed been lying in full view all the
time—a wax match. Now a wax match is a perfectly innocent and very
commonplace object, but yet the presence of this one gave me pause. In the
first place, women do not, as a rule, use wax matches, though there was not

much in that. What was more to the point was that the candlestick by the
bedside contained a box of safety matches, and that, as the burned remains
of one lay in the tray, it appeared to have been used to light the candle. Then
why the wax match?
While I was turning over this problem Foxton had corked the bottle,
wrapped it carefully in a piece of paper which he took from the dressing
table and bestowed it in his pocket.
“Well, Jervis,” said he, “I think we’ve seen everything. The analysis and
the post-mortem will complete the case. Shall we go down and hear what
Mrs. Beddingfield has to say?”
But that wax match, slight as was its significance, taken alone, had
presented itself to me as the last of a succession of phenomena each of
which was susceptible of a sinister interpretation, and the cumulative effect
of these slight suggestions began to impress me somewhat strongly.
“One moment, Foxton,” said I. “Don’t let us take anything for granted.
We are here to collect evidence, and we must go warily. There is such a
thing as homicidal poisoning, you know.”
“Yes, of course,” he replied, “but there is nothing to suggest it in this
case; at least, I see nothing. Do you?”
“Nothing very positive,” said I; “but there are some facts that seem to
call for consideration. Let us go over what we have seen. In the first place,
there is a distinct discrepancy in the appearance of the body. The general
easy, symmetrical posture, like that of a figure on a tomb, suggests the
effect of a slow, painless poison. But look at the face. There is nothing
reposeful about that. It is very strongly suggestive of pain or terror or both.”
“Yes,” said Foxton, “that is so. But you can’t draw any satisfactory
conclusions from the facial expression of dead bodies. Why, men who have
been hanged, or even stabbed, often look as peaceful as babes.”
“Still,” I urged, “it is a fact to be noted. Then there is that cut on the lip. It
may have been produced in the way you suggest; but it may equally well be
the result of pressure on the mouth.”
Foxton made no comment on this beyond a slight shrug of the shoulders,
and I continued:
“Then there is the state of the hand. It was closed, but it did not really
grasp the object it contained. You drew the bottle out without any
resistance. It simply lay in the closed hand. But that is not a normal state of
affairs. As you know, when a person dies grasping any object, either the

hand relaxes and lets it drop, or the muscular action passes into cadaveric
spasm and grasps the object firmly. And lastly, there is this wax match.
Where did it come from? The dead woman apparently lit her candle with a
safety match from the box. It is a small matter, but it wants explaining.”
Foxton raised his eyebrows protestingly. “You’re like all specialists,
Jervis,” said he. “You see your specialty in everything. And while you are
straining these flimsy suggestions to turn a simple suicide into murder, you
ignore the really conclusive fact that the door was bolted and had to be
broken open before any one could get in.”
“You are not forgetting, I suppose,” said I, “that the window was wide
open and that there were house painters about and possibly a ladder left
standing against the house.”
“As to the ladder,” said Foxton, “that is a pure assumption; but we can
easily settle the question by asking that fellow out there if it was or was not
left standing last night.”
Simultaneously we moved towards the window; but half-way we both
stopped short. For the question of the ladder had in a moment become
negligible. Staring up at us from the dull red linoleum which covered the
floor were the impressions of a pair of bare feet, imprinted in white paint
with the distinctness of a woodcut. There was no need to ask if they had
been made by the dead woman: they were unmistakably the feet of a man,
and large feet at that. Nor could there be any doubt as to whence those feet
had come. Beginning with startling distinctness under the window, the
tracks diminished rapidly in intensity until they reached the carpeted
portion of the room, where they vanished abruptly; and only by the closest
scrutiny was it possible to detect the faint traces of the retiring tracks.
Foxton and I stood for some moments gazing in silence at the sinister
white shapes; then we looked at one another.
“You’ve saved me from a most horrible blunder, Jervis,” said Foxton.
“Ladder or no ladder, that fellow came in at the window; and he came in
last night, for I saw them painting these window-sills yesterday afternoon.
Which side did he come from, I wonder?”
We moved to the window and looked out on the sill. A set of distinct,
though smeared impressions on the new paint gave unneeded confirmation
and showed that the intruder had approached from the left side, close to
which was a cast-iron stack-pipe, now covered with fresh green paint.

“So,” said Foxton, “the presence or absence of the ladder is of no
significance. The man got into the window somehow, and that’s all that
matters.”
“On the contrary,” said I, “the point may be of considerable importance
in identification. It isn’t every one who could climb up a stack-pipe,
whereas most people could make shift to climb a ladder, even if it were
guarded by a plank. But the fact that the man took off his boots and socks
suggests that he came up by the pipe. If he had merely aimed at silencing
his foot-falls, he would probably have removed his boots only.”
From the window we turned to examine more closely the footprints on
the floor, and, while I took a series of measurements with my spring tape,
Foxton entered them in my notebook.
“Doesn’t it strike you as rather odd, Jervis,” said he, “that neither of the
little toes has made any mark?”
“It does indeed,” I replied. “The appearances suggest that the little toes
were absent, but I have never met with such a condition. Have you?”
“Never. Of course one is acquainted with the supernumerary toe
deformity, but I have never heard of congenitally deficient little toes.”
Once more we scrutinized the footprints, and even examined those on the
window-sill, obscurely marked on the fresh paint; but, exquisitely distinct
as were those on the linoleum, showing every wrinkle and minute skin-
marking, not the faintest hint of a little toe was to be seen on either foot.
“It’s very extraordinary,” said Foxton. “He has certainly lost his little
toes, if he ever had any. They couldn’t have failed to make some mark. But
it’s a queer affair. Quite a windfall for the police, by the way; I mean for
purposes of identification.”
“Yes,” I agreed, “and having regard to the importance of the footprints, I
think it would be wise to get a photograph of them.”
“Oh, the police will see to that,” said Foxton. “Besides, we haven’t got a
camera, unless you thought of using that little toy snapshotter of yours.”
As Foxton was no photographer I did not trouble to explain that my
camera, though small, had been specially made for scientific purposes.
“Any photograph is better than none,” I said, and with this I opened the
tripod and set it over one of the most distinct of the footprints, screwed the
camera to the goose-neck, carefully framed the footprint in the finder and
adjusted the focus, finally making the exposure by means of an Antinous

release. This process I repeated four times, twice on a right footprint and
twice on a left.
“Well,” Foxton remarked, “with all those photographs the police ought to
be able to pick up the scent.”
“Yes, they’ve got something to go on; but they’ll have to catch their hare
before they can cook him. He won’t be walking about barefooted, you
know.”
“No. It’s a poor clue in that respect. And now we may as well be off as
we’ve seen all there is to see. I think we won’t have much to say to Mrs.
Beddingfield. This is a police case, and the less I’m mixed up in it the better
it will be for my practice.”
I was faintly amused at Foxton’s caution when considered by the light of
his utterances at the breakfast table. Apparently his appetite for mystery and
romance was easily satisfied. But that was no affair of mine. I waited on the
doorstep while he said a few—probably evasive—words to the landlady
and then, as we started off together in the direction of the police station, I
began to turn over in my mind the salient features of the case. For some
time we walked on in silence, and must have been pursuing a parallel train
of thought for, when he at length spoke, he almost put my reflections into
words.
“You know, Jervis,” said he, “there ought to be a clue in those footprints.
I realize that you can’t tell how many toes a man has by looking at his
booted feet. But those unusual footprints ought to give an expert a hint as to
what sort of man to look for. Don’t they convey any hint to you?”
I felt that Foxton was right; that if my brilliant colleague, Thorndyke, had
been in my place, he would have extracted from those footprints some
leading fact that would have given the police a start along some definite line
of inquiry; and that belief, coupled with Foxton’s challenge, put me on my
mettle.
“They offer no particular suggestions to me at this moment,” said I, “but
I think that, if we consider them systematically, we may be able to draw
some useful deductions.”
“Very well,” said Foxton, “then let us consider them systematically. Fire
away. I should like to hear how you work these things out.”
Foxton’s frankly spectatorial attitude was a little disconcerting, especially
as it seemed to commit me to a result that I was by no means confident of
attaining. I therefore began a little diffidently.

“We are assuming that both the feet that made those prints were from
some cause devoid of little toes. That assumption—which is almost
certainly correct—we treat as a fact, and, taking it as our starting point, the
first step in the inquiry is to find some explanation of it. Now there are three
possibilities, and only three: deformity, injury and disease. The toes may
have been absent from birth, they may have been lost as a result of
mechanical injury, or they may have been lost by disease. Let us take those
possibilities in order.
“Deformity we exclude since such a malformation is unknown to us.
“Mechanical injury seems to be excluded by the fact that the two little
toes are on opposite sides of the body and could not conceivably be affected
by any violence which left the intervening feet uninjured. This seems to
narrow the possibilities down to disease; and the question that arises is,
What diseases are there which might result in the loss of both little toes?”
I looked inquiringly at Foxton, but he merely nodded encouragingly. His
rôle was that of listener.
“Well,” I pursued, “the loss of both toes seems to exclude local disease,
just as it excluded local injury; and as to general diseases, I can think only
of three which might produce this condition—Raynaud’s disease, ergotism,
and frost-bite.”
“You don’t call frost-bite a general disease, do you?” objected Foxton.
“For our present purpose, I do. The effects are local, but the cause—low
external temperature—affects the whole body and is a general cause. Well,
now, taking the diseases in order, I think we can exclude Raynaud’s disease.
It does, it is true, occasionally cause the fingers or toes to die and drop off,
and the little toes would be especially liable to be affected as being most
remote from the heart. But in such a severe case the other toes would be
affected. They would be shrivelled and tapered, whereas, if you remember,
the toes of these feet were quite plump and full, to judge by the large
impressions they made. So I think we may safely reject Raynaud’s disease.
There remain ergotism and frost-bite; and the choice between them is just a
question of relative frequency. Frost-bite is more common; therefore frost-
bite is more probable.”
“Do they tend equally to affect the little toes?” asked Foxton.
“As a matter of probability, yes. The poison of ergot acting from within,
and intense cold acting from without, contract the small blood-vessels and
arrest the circulation. The feet, being the most distant parts of the body from

the heart, are the first to feel the effects; and the little toes, which are the
most distant parts of the feet, are the most susceptible of all.”
Foxton reflected awhile, and then remarked:
“This is all very well, Jervis, but I don’t see that you are much forrarder.
This man has lost both his little toes, and on your showing, the probabilities
are that the loss was due either to chronic ergot poisoning or to frost-bite,
with a balance of probability in favour of frost-bite. That’s all. No proof, no
verification. Just the law of probability applied to a particular case, which is
always unsatisfactory. He may have lost his toes in some totally different
way. But even if the probabilities work out correctly, I don’t see what use
your conclusions would be to the police. They wouldn’t tell them what sort
of man to look for.”
There was a good deal of truth in Foxton’s objection. A man who has
suffered from ergotism or frost-bite is not externally different from any
other man. Still, we had not exhausted the case, as I ventured to point out.
“Don’t be premature, Foxton,” said I. “Let us pursue our argument a little
farther. We have established a probability that this unknown man has
suffered either from ergotism or frost-bite. That, as you say, is of no use by
itself; but supposing we can show that these conditions tend to affect a
particular class of persons, we shall have established a fact that will indicate
a line of investigation. And I think we can. Let us take the case of ergotism
first.
“Now how is chronic ergot poisoning caused? Not by the medicinal use
of the drug, but by the consumption of the diseased rye in which ergot
occurs. It is therefore peculiar to countries in which rye is used extensively
as food. Those countries, broadly speaking, are the countries of North
Eastern Europe, and especially Russia and Poland.
“Then take the case of frost-bite. Obviously the most likely person to get
frost-bitten is the inhabitant of a country with a cold climate. The most
rigorous climates inhabited by white people are North America and North
Eastern Europe, especially Russia and Poland. So you see, the areas
associated with ergotism and frost-bite overlap to some extent. In fact they
do more than overlap; for a person even slightly affected by ergot would be
specially liable to frost-bite, owing to the impaired circulation. The
conclusion is that, racially, in both ergotism and frost-bite, the balance of
probability is in favour of a Russian, a Pole, or a Scandinavian.

“Then in the case of frost-bite there is the occupation factor. What class
of men tend most to become frost-bitten? Well, beyond all doubt, the
greatest sufferers from frost-bite are sailors, especially those on sailing
ships, and, naturally, on ships trading to arctic and sub-arctic countries. But
the bulk of such sailing ships are those engaged in the Baltic and Archangel
trade; and the crews of those ships are almost exclusively Scandinavians,
Finns, Russians and Poles. So that, again, the probabilities point to a native
of North Eastern Europe, and, taken as a whole, by the overlapping of
factors, to a Russian, a Pole, or a Scandinavian.”
Foxton smiled sardonically. “Very ingenious, Jervis,” said he. “Most
ingenious. As an academic statement of probabilities, quite excellent. But
for practical purposes absolutely useless. However, here we are at the police
station. I’ll just run in and give them the facts and then go on to the
coroner’s office.”
“I suppose I’d better not come in with you?” I said.
“Well, no,” he replied. “You see, you have no official connection with the
case, and they mightn’t like it. You’d better go and amuse yourself while I
get the morning’s visits done. We can talk things over at lunch.”
With this he disappeared into the police station, and I turned away with a
smile of grim amusement. Experience is apt to make us a trifle uncharitable,
and experience had taught me that those who are the most scornful of
academic reasoning are often not above retailing it with some reticence as
to its original authorship. I had a shrewd suspicion that Foxton was at this
very moment disgorging my despised “academic statement of probabilities”
to an admiring police-inspector.
My way towards the sea lay through Ethelred Road, and I had traversed
about half its length and was approaching the house of the tragedy when I
observed Mrs. Beddingfield at the bay window. Evidently she recognized
me, for a few moments later she appeared in outdoor clothes on the
doorstep and advanced to meet me.
“Have you seen the police?” she asked as we met. I replied that Dr.
Foxton was even now at the police station.
“Ah!” she said, “it’s a dreadful affair; most unfortunate, too, just at the
beginning of the season. A scandal is absolute ruin to a boarding-house.
What do you think of the case? Will it be possible to hush it up? Dr. Foxton
said you were a lawyer, I think, Dr. Jervis?”

“Yes, I am a lawyer, but really I know nothing of the circumstances of
this case. Did I understand that there had been something in the nature of a
love affair?”
“Yes—at least—well, perhaps I oughtn’t to have said that. But hadn’t I
better tell you the whole story?—that is, if I am not taking up too much of
your time.”
“I should be interested to hear what led to the disaster,” said I.
“Then,” she said, “I will tell you all about it. Will you come indoors, or
shall I walk a little way with you?”
As I suspected that the police were at that moment on their way to the
house, I chose the latter alternative and led her away seawards at a pretty
brisk pace.
“Was this poor lady a widow?” I asked as we started up the street.
“No, she wasn’t,” replied Mrs. Beddingfield, “and that was the trouble.
Her husband was abroad—at least, he had been, and he was just coming
home. A pretty home-coming it will be for him, poor man. He is an officer
in the civil police at Sierra Leone, but he hasn’t been there long. He went
there for his health.”
“What! To Sierra Leone!” I exclaimed, for the “White Man’s Grave”
seemed a queer health resort.
“Yes. You see, Mr. Toussaint is a French Canadian, and it seems that he
has always been somewhat of a rolling stone. For some time he was in the
Klondike, but he suffered so much from the cold that he had to come away.
It injured his health very severely; I don’t quite know in what way, but I do
know that he was quite a cripple for a time. When he got better he looked
out for a post in a warm climate and eventually obtained the appointment of
Inspector of Civil Police at Sierra Leone. That was about ten months ago,
and when he sailed for Africa his wife came to stay with me, and has been
here ever since.”
“And this love affair that you spoke of?”
“Yes, but I oughtn’t to have called it that. Let me explain what happened.
About three months ago a Swedish gentleman—a Mr. Bergson—came to
stay here, and he seemed to be very much smitten with Mrs. Toussaint.”
“And she?”
“Oh, she liked him well enough. He is a tall, good-looking man—though
for that matter he is no taller than her husband, nor any better looking. Both
men are over six feet. But there was no harm so far as she was concerned,

excepting that she didn’t see the position quite soon enough. She wasn’t
very discreet, in fact I thought it necessary to give her a little advice.
However, Mr. Bergson left here and went to live at Ramsgate to superintend
the unloading of the ice ships (he came from Sweden in one), and I thought
the trouble was at an end. But it wasn’t, for he took to coming over to see
Mrs. Toussaint, and of course I couldn’t have that. So at last I had to tell
him that he mustn’t come to the house again. It was very unfortunate, for on
that occasion I think he had been ‘tasting,’ as they say in Scotland. He
wasn’t drunk, but he was excitable and noisy, and when I told him he
mustn’t come again he made such a disturbance that two of the gentlemen
boarders—Mr. Wardale and Mr. Macauley—had to interfere. And then he
was most insulting to them, especially to Mr. Macauley, who is a coloured
gentleman; called him a ‘buck nigger’ and all sorts of offensive names.”
“And how did the coloured gentleman take it?”
“Not very well, I am sorry to say, considering that he is a gentleman—a
law student with chambers in the Temple. In fact, his language was so
objectionable that Mr. Wardale insisted on my giving him notice on the
spot. But I managed to get him taken in next door but one; you see, Mr.
Wardale had been a Commissioner at Sierra Leone—it was through him
that Mr. Toussaint got his appointment—so I suppose he was rather on his
dignity with coloured people.”
“And was that the last you heard of Mr. Bergson?”
“He never came here again, but he wrote several times to Mrs. Toussaint,
asking her to meet him. At last, only a few days ago, she wrote to him and
told him that the acquaintance must cease.”
“And has it ceased?”
“As far as I know, it has.”
“Then, Mrs. Beddingfield,” said I, “what makes you connect the affair
with—with what has happened?”
“Well, you see,” she explained, “there is the husband. He was coming
home, and is probably in England already.”
“Indeed!” said I.
“Yes,” she continued. “He went up into the bush to arrest some natives
belonging to one of these gangs of murderers—Leopard Societies, I think
they are called—and he got seriously wounded. He wrote to his wife from
hospital, saying that he would be sent home as soon as he was fit to travel,

and about ten days ago she got a letter from him saying that he was coming
by the next ship.
“I noticed that she seemed very nervous and upset when she got the
letters from hospital, and still more so when the last letter came. Of course,
I don’t know what he said to her in those letters. It may be that he had heard
something about Mr. Bergson, and threatened to take some action. Of
course, I can’t say. I only know that she was very nervous and restless, and
when we saw in the paper four days ago that the ship he would be coming
by had arrived in Liverpool, she seemed dreadfully upset. And she got
worse and worse until—well, until last night.”
“Has anything been heard of the husband since the ship arrived?” I asked.
“Nothing whatever,” replied Mrs. Beddingfield, with a meaning look at
me which I had no difficulty in interpreting. “No letter, no telegram, not a
word. And you see, if he hadn’t come by that ship he would almost certainly
have sent a letter by her. He must have arrived in England, but why hasn’t
he turned up, or at least sent a wire? What is he doing? Why is he staying
away? Can he have heard something? And what does he mean to do? That’s
what kept the poor thing on wires, and that, I feel certain, is what drove her
to make away with herself.”
It was not my business to contest Mrs. Beddingfield’s erroneous
deductions. I was seeking information—it seemed that I had nearly
exhausted the present source. But one point required amplifying.
“To return to Mr. Bergson, Mrs. Beddingfield,” said I. “Do I understand
that he is a seafaring man?”
“He was,” she replied. “At present he is settled at Ramsgate as manager
of a company in the ice trade, but formerly he was a sailor. I have heard him
say that he was one of the crew of an exploring ship that went in search of
the North Pole and that he was locked up in the ice for months and months.
I should have thought he would have had enough of ice after that.”
With this view I expressed warm agreement, and having now obtained all
the information that appeared to be available, I proceeded to bring the
interview to an end.
“Well, Mrs. Beddingfield,” I said, “it is a rather mysterious affair.
Perhaps more light may be thrown on it at the inquest. Meanwhile, I should
think that it will be wise of you to keep your own counsel as far as outsiders
are concerned.”

The remainder of the morning I spent pacing the smooth stretch of sand
that lies to the east of the jetty, and reflecting on the evidence that I had
acquired in respect of this singular crime. Evidently there was no lack of
clues in this case. On the contrary, there were two quite obvious lines of
inquiry, for both the Swede and the missing husband presented the
characters of the hypothetical murderer. Both had been exposed to the
conditions which tend to produce frost-bite; one of them had probably been
a consumer of rye meal, and both might be said to have a motive—though,
to be sure, it was a very insufficient one—for committing the crime. Still, in
both cases the evidence was merely speculative; it suggested a line of
investigation, but it did nothing more.
When I met Foxton at lunch I was sensible of a curious change in his
manner. His previous expansiveness had given place to marked reticence
and a certain official secretiveness.
“I don’t think, you know, Jervis,” he said, when I opened the subject,
“that we had better discuss this affair. You see, I am the principal witness,
and while the case is sub judice—well, in fact the police don’t want the case
talked about.”
“But surely I am a witness, too, and an expert witness, moreover——”
“That isn’t the view of the police. They look on you as more or less of an
amateur, and as you have no official connection with the case, I don’t think
they propose to subpœna you. Superintendent Platt, who is in charge of the
case, wasn’t very pleased at my having taken you to the house. Said it was
quite irregular. Oh, and by the way, he says you must hand over those
photographs.”
“But isn’t Platt going to have the footprints photographed on his own
account?” I objected.
“Of course he is. He is going to have a set of proper photographs taken
by an expert photographer;—he was mightily amused when he heard about
your little snapshot affair. Oh, you can trust Platt. He is a great man. He has
had a course of instruction at the Finger Print Department in London.”
“I don’t see how that is going to help him, as there aren’t any finger
prints in this case.” This was a mere fly-cast on my part, but Foxton rose at
once at the rather clumsy bait.
“Oh, aren’t there?” he exclaimed. “You didn’t happen to spot them, but
they were there. Platt has got the prints of a complete right hand. This is in
strict confidence, you know,” he added, with somewhat belated caution.

Foxton’s sudden reticence restrained me from uttering the obvious
comment on the superintendent’s achievement. I returned to the subject of
the photographs.
“Supposing I decline to hand over my film?” said I.
“But I hope you won’t—and in fact you mustn’t. I am officially
connected with the case, and I’ve got to live with these people. As the
police-surgeon, I am responsible for the medical evidence, and Platt expects
me to get those photographs from you. Obviously you can’t keep them. It
would be most irregular.”
It was useless to argue. Evidently the police did not want me to be
introduced into the case, and after all, the superintendent was within his
rights, if he chose to regard me as a private individual and to demand the
surrender of the film.
Nevertheless I was loath to give up the photographs, at least, until I had
carefully studied them. The case was within my own specialty of practice,
and was a strange and interesting one. Moreover, it appeared to be in
unskilful hands, judging from the finger-print episode, and then experience
had taught me to treasure up small scraps of chance evidence, since one
never knew when one might be drawn into a case in a professional capacity.
In effect, I decided not to give up the photographs, though that decision
committed me to a ruse that I was not very willing to adopt. I would rather
have acted quite straightforwardly.
“Well, if you insist, Foxton,” I said, “I will hand over the film or, if you
like, I will destroy it in your presence.”
“I think Platt would rather have the film uninjured,” said Foxton. “Then
he’ll know, you know,” he added, with a sly grin.
In my heart, I thanked Foxton for that grin. It made my own guileful
proceedings so much easier; for a suspicious man invites you to get the
better of him if you can.
After lunch I went up to my room, locked the door and took the little
camera from my pocket. Having fully wound up the film, I extracted it,
wrapped it up carefully and bestowed it in my inside breast-pocket. Then I
inserted a fresh film, and going to the open window, took four successive
snapshots of the sky. This done, I closed the camera, slipped it into my
pocket, and went downstairs. Foxton was in the hall, brushing his hat, as I
descended, and at once renewed his demand.

“About those photographs, Jervis,” said he, “I shall be looking in at the
police station presently, so if you wouldn’t mind——”
“To be sure,” said I. “I will give you the film now, if you like.”
Taking the camera from my pocket, I solemnly wound up the remainder
of the film, extracted it, stuck down the loose end with ostentatious care,
and handed it to him.
“Better not expose it to the light,” I said, going the whole hog of
deception, “or you may fog the exposures.”
Foxton took the spool from me as if it were hot—he was not a
photographer—and thrust it into his hand-bag. He was still thanking me
quite profusely when the front-door bell rang.
The visitor who stood revealed when Foxton opened the door was a
small, spare gentleman with a complexion of the peculiar brown-papery
quality that suggests long residence in the Tropics. He stepped in briskly
and introduced himself and his business without preamble.
“My name is Wardale—boarder at Beddingfield’s. I’ve called with
reference to the tragic event which——”
Here Foxton interposed in his frostiest official tone. “I am afraid, Mr.
Wardale, I can’t give you any information about the case at present.”
“I saw you two gentlemen at the house this morning,” Mr. Wardale
continued, but Foxton again cut him short.
“You did. We were there—or at least, I was—as the representative of the
Law, and while the case is sub judice——”
“It isn’t yet,” interrupted Wardale.
“Well, I can’t enter into any discussion of it——”
“I am not asking you to,” said Wardale, a little impatiently. “But I
understand that one of you is Dr. Jervis.”
“I am,” said I.
“I must really warn you,” Foxton began again; but Mr. Wardale
interrupted testily:
“My dear sir, I am a lawyer and a magistrate and understand perfectly
well what is and what is not permissible. I have come simply to make a
professional engagement with Dr. Jervis.”
“In what way can I be of service to you?” I asked.
“I will tell you,” said Mr. Wardale. “This poor lady, whose death has
occurred in so mysterious a manner, was the wife of a man who was, like
myself, a servant of the Government of Sierra Leone. I was the friend of

both of them; and in the absence of the husband, I should like to have the
inquiry into the circumstances of this lady’s death watched by a competent
lawyer with the necessary special knowledge of medical evidence. Will you
or your colleague, Dr. Thorndyke, undertake to watch the case for me?”
Of course I was willing to undertake the case and said so.
“Then,” said Mr. Wardale, “I will instruct my solicitor to write to you and
formally retain you in the case. Here is my card. You will find my name in
the Colonial Office List, and you know my address here.”
He handed me his card, wished us both good afternoon, and then, with a
stiff little bow, turned and took his departure.
“I think I had better run up to town and confer with Thorndyke,” said I.
“How do the trains run?”
“There is a good train in about three-quarters of an hour,” replied Foxton.
“Then I will go by it, but I shall come down again to-morrow or the next
day, and probably Thorndyke will come down with me.”
“Very well,” said Foxton. “Bring him in to lunch or dinner, but I can’t put
him up, I am afraid.”
“It would be better not,” said I. “Your friend, Platt, wouldn’t like it. He
won’t want Thorndyke—or me either for that matter. And what about those
photographs? Thorndyke will want them, you know.”
“He can’t have them,” said Foxton doggedly, “unless Platt is willing to
hand them back; which I don’t suppose he will be.”
I had private reasons for thinking otherwise, but I kept them to myself;
and as Foxton went forth on his afternoon round, I returned upstairs to pack
my suit-case and write the telegram to Thorndyke informing him of my
movements.

It was only a quarter past five when I let myself into our chambers in
King’s Bench Walk. To my relief I found my colleague at home and our
laboratory assistant, Polton, in the act of laying tea for two.
“I gather,” said Thorndyke, as we shook hands, “that my learned brother
brings grist to the mill?”
“Yes,” I replied. “Nominally a watching brief, but I think you will agree
with me that it is a case for independent investigation.”
“Will there be anything in my line, sir?” inquired Polton, who was
always agog at the word “investigation.”

“There is a film to be developed. Four exposures of white footprints on a
dark ground.”
“Ah!” said Polton, “you’ll want good strong negatives and they ought to
be enlarged if they are from the little camera. Can you give me the
dimensions?”
I wrote out the measurements from my notebook and handed him the
paper together with the spool of film, with which he retired gleefully to the
laboratory.
“And now, Jervis,” said Thorndyke, “while Polton is operating on the
film and we are discussing our tea, let us have a sketch of the case.”
I gave him more than a sketch, for the events were recent and I had
carefully sorted out the facts during my journey to town, making rough
notes which I now consulted. To my rather lengthy recital he listened in his
usual attentive manner, without any comment, excepting in regard to my
manœuvre to retain possession of the exposed film.
“It’s almost a pity you didn’t refuse,” said he. “They could hardly have
enforced their demand, and my feeling is that it is more convenient as well
as more dignified to avoid direct deception unless one is driven to it. But
perhaps you considered that you were.”
As a matter of fact I had at the time, but I had since come to Thorndyke’s
opinion. My little manœuvre was going to be a source of inconvenience
presently.
“Well,” said Thorndyke, when I had finished my recital, “I think we may
take it that the police theory is, in the main, your own theory derived from
Foxton.”
“I think so, excepting that I learned from Foxton that Superintendent
Platt has obtained the complete finger-prints of a right hand.”
Thorndyke raised his eyebrows. “Finger-prints!” he exclaimed. “Why the
fellow must be a mere simpleton. But there,” he added, “everybody—
police, lawyers, judges, even Galton himself—seems to lose every vestige
of common sense as soon as the subject of finger-prints is raised. But it
would be interesting to know how he got them and what they are like. We
must try to find that out. However, to return to your case, since your theory
and the police theory are probably the same, we may as well consider the
value of your inferences.
“At present we are dealing with the case in the abstract. Our data are
largely assumptions, and our inferences are largely derived from an

application of the mathematical laws of probability. Thus we assume that a
murder has been committed, whereas it may turn out to have been suicide.
We assume the murder to have been committed by the person who made the
footprints, and we assume that that person has no little toes, whereas he
may have retracted little toes which do not touch the ground and so leave no
impression. Assuming the little toes to be absent, we account for their
absence by considering known causes in the order of their probability.
Excluding—quite properly, I think—Raynaud’s disease, we arrive at frost-
bite and ergotism. But two persons, both of whom are of a stature
corresponding to the size of the footprints, may have had a motive—though
a very inadequate one—for committing the crime, and both have been
exposed to the conditions which tend to produce frost-bite, while one of
them has probably been exposed to the conditions which tend to produce
ergotism. The laws of probability point to both of these two men; and the
chances in favour of the Swede being the murderer rather than the Canadian
would be represented by the common factor—frost-bite—multiplied by the
additional factor, ergotism. But this is purely speculative at present. There is
no evidence that either man has ever been frost-bitten or has ever eaten
spurred rye. Nevertheless, it is a perfectly sound method at this stage. It
indicates a line of investigation. If it should transpire that either man has
suffered from frost-bite or ergotism, a definite advance would have been
made. But here is Polton with a couple of finished prints. How on earth did
you manage it in the time, Polton?”
“Why, you see, sir, I just dried the film with spirit,” replied Polton. “It
saves a lot of time. I will let you have a pair of enlargements in about a
quarter of an hour.”
Handing us the two wet prints, each stuck on a glass plate, he retired to
the laboratory, and Thorndyke and I proceeded to scrutinize the
photographs with the aid of our pocket lenses. The promised enlargements
were really hardly necessary excepting for the purpose of comparative
measurements, for the image of the white footprint, fully two inches long,
was so microscopically sharp that, with the assistance of the lens, the
minutest detail could be clearly seen.
“There is certainly not a vestige of little toe,” remarked Thorndyke, “and
the plump appearance of the other toes supports your rejection of Raynaud’s
disease. Does the character of the footprint convey any other suggestion to
you, Jervis?”

“It gives me the impression that the man had been accustomed to go
bare-footed in early life and had only taken to boots comparatively recently.
The position of the great toe suggests this, and the presence of a number of
small scars on the toes and ball of the foot seems to confirm it. A person
walking barefoot would sustain innumerable small wounds from treading
on small, sharp objects.”
Thorndyke looked dissatisfied. “I agree with you,” he said, “as to the
suggestion offered by the undeformed state of the great toes; but those little
pits do not convey to me the impression of scars produced, as you suggest.
Still, you may be right.”
Here our conversation was interrupted by a knock on the outer oak.
Thorndyke stepped out through the lobby and I heard him open the door. A
moment or two later he re-entered, accompanied by a short, brown-faced
gentleman whom I instantly recognized as Mr. Wardale.
“I must have come up by the same train as you,” he remarked, as we
shook hands, “and to a certain extent, I suspect, on the same errand. I
thought I would like to put our arrangement on a business footing, as I am a
stranger to both of you.”
“What do you want us to do?” asked Thorndyke.
“I want you to watch the case, and, if necessary, to look into the facts
independently.”
“Can you give us any information that may help us?”
Mr. Wardale reflected. “I don’t think I can,” he said at length. “I have no
facts that you have not, and any surmises of mine might be misleading. I
had rather you kept an open mind. But perhaps we might go into the
question of costs.”
This, of course, was somewhat difficult, but Thorndyke contrived to
indicate the probable liabilities involved to Mr. Wardale’s satisfaction.
“There is one other little matter,” said Wardale as he rose to depart. “I
have got a suit-case here which Mrs. Beddingfield lent me to bring some
things up to town. It is one that Mr. Macauley left behind when he went
away from the boarding-house. Mrs. Beddingfield suggested that I might
leave it at his chambers when I had finished with it; but I don’t know his
address, excepting that it is somewhere in the Temple, and I don’t want to
meet the fellow if he should happen to have come up to town.”
“Is it empty?” asked Thorndyke.

“Excepting for a suit of pyjamas and a pair of shocking old slippers.” He
opened the suit-case as he spoke and exhibited its contents with a grin.
“Characteristic of a negro, isn’t it? Pink silk pyjamas and slippers about
three sizes too small.”
“Very well,” said Thorndyke. “I will get my man to find out the address
and leave it there.”
As Mr. Wardale went out, Polton entered with the enlarged photographs,
which showed the footprints the natural size. Thorndyke handed them to
me, and as I sat down to examine them he followed his assistant to the
laboratory. He returned in a few minutes, and after a brief inspection of the
photographs, remarked:
“They show us nothing more than we have seen, though they may be
useful later. So your stock of facts is all we have to go on at present. Are
you going home to-night?”
“Yes, I shall go back to Margate to-morrow.”
“Then, as I have to call at Scotland Yard, we may as well walk to Charing
Cross together.”
As we walked down the Strand we gossiped on general topics, but before
we separated at Charing Cross, Thorndyke reverted to the case.
“Let me know the date of the inquest,” said he, “and try to find out what
the poison was—if it was really a poison.”
“The liquid that was left in the bottle seemed to be a watery solution of
some kind,” said I, “as I think I mentioned.”
“Yes,” said Thorndyke. “Possibly a watery infusion of strophanthus.”
“Why strophanthus?” I asked.
“Why not?” demanded Thorndyke. And with this and an inscrutable
smile, he turned and walked down Whitehall.

Three days later I found myself at Margate sitting beside Thorndyke in a
room adjoining the Town Hall, in which the inquest on the death of Mrs.
Toussaint was to be held. Already the coroner was in his chair, the jury were
in their seats and the witnesses assembled in a group of chairs apart. These
included Foxton, a stranger who sat by him—presumably the other medical
witness—Mrs. Beddingfield, Mr. Wardale, the police superintendent and a
well-dressed coloured man, whom I correctly assumed to be Mr. Macauley.
As I sat by my rather sphinx-like colleague my mind recurred for the
hundredth time to his extraordinary powers of mental synthesis. That

parting remark of his as to the possible nature of the poison had brought
home to me in a flash the fact that he already had a definite theory of this
crime, and that his theory was not mine nor that of the police. True, the
poison might not be strophanthus, after all, but that would not alter the
position. He had a theory of the crime, but yet he was in possession of no
facts excepting those with which I had supplied him. Therefore those facts
contained the material for a theory, whereas I had deduced from them
nothing but the bald, ambiguous mathematical probabilities.
The first witness called was naturally Dr. Foxton, who described the
circumstances already known to me. He further stated that he had been
present at the autopsy, that he had found on the throat and limbs of the
deceased, bruises that suggested a struggle and violent restraint. The
immediate cause of death was heart failure, but whether that failure was due
to shock, terror, or the action of a poison he could not positively say.
The next witness was a Dr. Prescott, an expert pathologist and
toxicologist. He had made the autopsy and agreed with Dr. Foxton as to the
cause of death. He had examined the liquid contained in the bottle taken
from the hand of the deceased and found it to be a watery infusion or
decoction of strophanthus seeds. He had analyzed the fluid contained in the
stomach and found it to consist largely of the same infusion.
“Is infusion of strophanthus seeds used in medicine?” the coroner asked.
“No,” was the reply. “The tincture is the form in which strophanthus is
administered unless it is given in the form of strophanthin.”
“Do you consider that the strophanthus caused, or contributed to death?”
“It is difficult to say,” replied Dr. Prescott. “Strophanthus is a heart
poison, and there was a very large poisonous dose. But very little had been
absorbed, and the appearances were not inconsistent with death from
shock.”
“Could death have been self-produced by the voluntary taking of the
poison?” asked the coroner.
“I should say, decidedly not. Dr. Foxton’s evidence shows that the bottle
was almost certainly placed in the hands of the deceased after death, and
this is in complete agreement with the enormous dose and small
absorption.”
“Would you say that appearances point to suicidal or homicidal
poisoning?”

“I should say that they point to homicidal poisoning, but that death was
probably due mainly to shock.”
This concluded the expert’s evidence. It was followed by that of Mrs.
Beddingfield, which brought out nothing new to me but the fact that a trunk
had been broken open and a small attaché case belonging to the deceased
abstracted and taken away.
“Do you know what the deceased kept in that case?” the coroner asked.
“I have seen her put her husband’s letters into it. She had quite a number
of them. I don’t know what else she kept in it except, of course, her cheque
book.”
“Had she any considerable balance at the bank?”
“I believe she had. Her husband used to send most of his pay home and
she used to pay it in and leave it with the bank. She might have two or three
hundred pounds to her credit.”
As Mrs. Beddingfield concluded, Mr. Wardale was called, and he was
followed by Mr. Macauley. The evidence of both was quite brief and
concerned entirely with the disturbance made by Bergson, whose absence
from the court I had already noted.
The last witness was the police superintendent, and he, as I had expected,
was decidedly reticent. He did refer to the footprints but, like Foxton—who
presumably had his instructions—he abstained from describing their
peculiarities. Nor did he say anything about finger-prints. As to the identity
of the criminal, that had to be further inquired into. Suspicion had at first
fastened upon Bergson, but it had since transpired that the Swede sailed
from Ramsgate on an ice-ship two days before the occurrence of the
tragedy. Then suspicion had pointed to the husband, who was known to
have landed at Liverpool four days before the death of his wife and who
had mysteriously disappeared. But he (the superintendent) had only that
morning received a telegram from the Liverpool police informing him that
the body of Toussaint had been found floating in the Mersey, and that it
bore a number of wounds of an apparently homicidal character. Apparently
he had been murdered and his corpse thrown into the river.
“This is very terrible,” said the coroner. “Does this second murder throw
any light on the case which we are investigating?”
“I think it does,” replied the officer, without any great conviction,
however, “but it is not advisable to go into details.”

“Quite so,” agreed the coroner. “Most inexpedient. But are we to
understand that you have a clue to the perpetrator of this crime—assuming
a crime to have been committed?”
“Yes,” replied Platt. “We have several important clues.”
“And do they point to any particular individual?”
The superintendent hesitated. “Well—” he began, with some
embarrassment, but the coroner interrupted him.
“Perhaps the question is indiscreet. We mustn’t hamper the police,
gentlemen, and the point is not really material to our inquiry. You would
rather we waived that question, Superintendent?”
“If you please, sir,” was the emphatic reply.
“Have any cheques from the deceased woman’s cheque-book been
presented at the bank?”
“Not since her death. I inquired at the bank only this morning.”
This concluded the evidence, and after a brief but capable summing-up
by the coroner, the jury returned a verdict of “wilful murder against some
person unknown.”
As the proceedings terminated, Thorndyke rose and turned round, and
then to my surprise I perceived Superintendent Miller, of the Criminal
Investigation Department, who had come in unperceived by me and was
sitting immediately behind us.
“I have followed your instructions, sir,” said he, addressing Thorndyke,
“but before we take any definite action I should like to have a few words
with you.”
He led the way to an adjoining room and, as we entered, we were
followed by Superintendent Platt and Dr. Foxton.
“Now, Doctor,” said Miller, carefully closing the door, “I have carried out
your suggestions. Mr. Macauley is being detained, but before we commit
ourselves to an arrest, we must have something to go upon. I shall want you
to make out a prima facie case.”
“Very well,” said Thorndyke, laying upon the table the small, green suit-
case that was his almost invariable companion.
“I’ve seen that prima facie case before,” Miller remarked with a grin, as
Thorndyke unlocked it and drew out a large envelope. “Now, what have you
got there?”
As Thorndyke extracted from the envelope Polton’s enlargements of my
small photographs, Platt’s eyes appeared to bulge, while Foxton gave me a

quick glance of reproach.
“These,” said Thorndyke, “are the full-sized photographs of the
footprints of the suspected murderer. Superintendent Platt can probably
verify them.”
Rather reluctantly Platt produced from his pocket a pair of whole-plate
photographs, which he laid beside the enlargements.
“Yes,” said Miller, after comparing them, “they are the same footprints.
But you say, Doctor, that they are Macauley’s footprints. Now, what
evidence have you?”
Thorndyke again had recourse to the green case, from which he produced
two copper plates mounted on wood and coated with printing ink.
“I propose,” said he, lifting the plates out of their protecting frame, “that
we take prints of Macauley’s feet and compare them with the photographs.”
“Yes,” said Platt. “And then there are the finger-prints that we’ve got. We
can test those, too.”
“You don’t want finger-prints if you’ve got a set of toe-prints,” objected
Miller.
“With regard to those finger-prints,” said Thorndyke. “May I ask if they
were obtained from the bottle?”
“They were,” Platt admitted.
“And were there any other finger-prints?”
“No,” replied Platt. “These were the only ones.”
As he spoke he laid on the table a photograph showing the prints of the
thumb and fingers of a right hand.
Thorndyke glanced at the photograph and, turning to Miller, said:
“I suggest that those are Dr. Foxton’s finger-prints.”
“Impossible!” exclaimed Platt, and then suddenly fell silent.
“We can soon see,” said Thorndyke, producing from the case a pad of
white paper. “If Dr. Foxton will lay the finger-tips of his right hand first on
this inked plate and then on the paper, we can compare the prints with the
photograph.”
Foxton placed his fingers on the blackened plate and then pressed them
on the paper pad, leaving on the latter four beautifully clear, black finger-
prints. These Superintendent Platt scrutinized eagerly, and as his glance
travelled from the prints to the photographs, he broke into a sheepish grin.
“Sold again!” he muttered. “They are the same prints.”

“Well,” said Miller in a tone of disgust, “you must have been a mug not
to have thought of that when you knew that Dr. Foxton had handled the
bottle.”
“The fact, however, is important,” said Thorndyke. “The absence of any
finger-prints but Dr. Foxton’s not only suggests that the murderer took the
precaution to wear gloves, but especially it proves that the bottle was not
handled by the deceased during life. A suicide’s hands will usually be pretty
moist and would leave conspicuous, if not very clear, impressions.”
“Yes,” agreed Miller, “that is quite true. But with regard to these
footprints. We can’t compel this man to let us examine his feet without
arresting him. Don’t think, Dr. Thorndyke, that I suspect you of guessing.
I’ve known you too long for that. You’ve got your facts all right, I don’t
doubt, but you must let us have enough to justify our arrest.”
Thorndyke’s answer was to plunge once more into the inexhaustible
green case, from which he now produced two objects wrapped in tissue
paper. The paper being removed, there was revealed what looked like a
model of an excessively shabby pair of brown shoes.
“These,” said Thorndyke, exhibiting the “models” to Superintendent
Miller—who viewed them with an undisguised grin—“are plaster casts of
the interiors of a pair of slippers—very old and much too tight—belonging
to Mr. Macauley. His name was written inside them. The casts have been
waxed and painted with raw umber, which has been lightly rubbed off, thus
accentuating the prominences and depressions. You will notice that the
impressions of the toes on the soles and of the ‘knuckles’ on the uppers
appear as prominences; in fact we have in these casts a sketchy
reproduction of the actual feet.
“Now, first as to dimensions. Dr. Jervis’s measurements of the footprints
give us ten inches and three-quarters as the extreme length and four inches
and five-eighths as the extreme width at the heads of the metatarsus. On
these casts, as you see, the extreme length is ten inches and five-eighths—
the loss of one-eighth being accounted for by the curve of the sole—and the
extreme width is four inches and a quarter—three-eighths being accounted
for by the lateral compression of a tight slipper. The agreement of the
dimensions is remarkable, considering the unusual size. And now as to the
peculiarities of the feet. You notice that each toe has made a perfectly
distinct impression on the sole, excepting the little toe, of which there is no
trace in either cast. And, turning to the uppers, you notice that the knuckles

of the toes appear quite distinct and prominent—again excepting the little
toes, which have made no impression at all. Thus it is not a case of retracted
little toes, for they would appear as an extra prominence. Then, looking at
the feet as a whole, it is evident that the little toes are absent; there is a
distinct hollow where there should be a prominence.”
“M’yes,” said Miller dubiously, “it’s all very neat. But isn’t it just a bit
speculative?”
“Oh, come, Miller,” protested Thorndyke; “just consider the facts. Here
is a suspected murderer known to have feet of an unusual size and
presenting a very rare deformity; and here are a pair of feet of that same
unusual size and presenting that same rare deformity; and they are the feet
of a man who had actually lived in the same house as the murdered woman
and who, at the date of the crime, was living only two doors away. What
more would you have?”
“Well, there is the question of motive,” objected Miller.
“That hardly belongs to a prima facie case,” said Thorndyke. “But even if
it did, is there not ample matter for suspicion? Remember who the
murdered woman was, what her husband was, and who this Sierra Leone
gentleman is.”
“Yes, yes; that’s true,” said Miller somewhat hastily, either perceiving the
drift of Thorndyke’s argument (which I did not), or being unwilling to
admit that he was still in the dark. “Yes, we’ll have the fellow in and get his
actual footprints.”
He went to the door and, putting his head out, made some sign, which
was almost immediately followed by a trampling of feet, and Macauley
entered the room, followed by two large plain-clothes policemen. The negro
was evidently alarmed, for he looked about him with the wild expression of
a hunted animal. But his manner was aggressive and truculent.
“Why am I being interfered with in this impertinent manner?” he
demanded in the deep, buzzing voice characteristic of the male negro.
“We want to have a look at your feet, Mr. Macauley,” said Miller. “Will
you kindly take off your shoes and socks?”
“No,” roared Macauley. “I’ll see you damned first.”
“Then,” said Miller, “I arrest you on a charge of having murdered——”
The rest of the sentence was drowned in a sudden uproar. The tall,
powerful negro, bellowing like an angry bull, had whipped out a large,
strangely shaped knife and charged furiously at the Superintendent. But the

two plain-clothes men had been watching him from behind and now sprang
upon him, each seizing an arm. Two sharp, metallic clicks in quick
succession, a thunderous crash and an ear-splitting yell, and the formidable
barbarian lay prostrate on the floor with one massive constable sitting
astride his chest and the other seated on his knees.
“Now’s your chance, Doctor,” said Miller. “I’ll get his shoes and socks
off.”
As Thorndyke re-inked his plates, Miller and the local superintendent
expertly removed the smart patent shoes and the green silk socks from the
feet of the writhing, bellowing negro. Then Thorndyke rapidly and skilfully
applied the inked plates to the soles of the feet—which I steadied for the
purpose—and followed up with a dexterous pressure of the paper pad, first
to one foot and then—having torn off the printed sheet—to the other. In
spite of the difficulties occasioned by Macauley’s struggles, each sheet
presented a perfectly clear and sharp print of the sole of the foot, even the
ridge-patterns of the toes and ball of the foot being quite distinct.
Thorndyke laid each of the new prints on the table beside the corresponding
large photograph, and invited the two superintendents to compare them.
“Yes,” said Miller—and Superintendent Platt nodded his acquiescence
—“there can’t be a shadow of a doubt. The ink-prints and the photographs
are identical, to every line and skin-marking. You’ve made out your case,
Doctor, as you always do.”

“So you see,” said Thorndyke, as we smoked our evening pipes on the
old stone pier, “your method was a perfectly sound one, only you didn’t
apply it properly. Like too many mathematicians, you started on your
calculations before you had secured your data. If you had applied the simple
laws of probability to the real data, they would have pointed straight to
Macauley.”
“How do you suppose he lost his little toes?” I asked.
“I don’t suppose at all. Obviously it was a case of double ainhum.”
“Ainhum!” I exclaimed with a sudden flash of recollection.
“Yes; that was what you overlooked. You compared the probabilities of
three diseases either of which only very rarely causes the loss of even one
little toe and infinitely rarely causes the loss of both, and none of which
conditions is confined to any definite class of persons; and you ignored
ainhum, a disease which attacks almost exclusively the little toe, causing it

to drop off, and quite commonly destroys both little toes—a disease,
moreover, which is confined to the black-skinned races. In European
practice ainhum is unknown, but in Africa, and to a less extent, in India, it is
quite common. If you were to assemble all the men in the world who have
lost both little toes, more than nine-tenths of them would be suffering from
ainhum; so that, by the laws of probability, your footprints were, by nine
chances to one, those of a man who had suffered from ainhum, and
therefore a black-skinned man. But as soon as you had established a black
man as the probable criminal, you opened up a new field of corroborative
evidence. There was a black man on the spot. That man was a native of
Sierra Leone and almost certainly a man of importance there. But the
victim’s husband had deadly enemies in the native secret societies of Sierra
Leone. The letters of the husband to the wife probably contained matter
incriminating certain natives of Sierra Leone. The evidence became
cumulative, you see. Taken as a whole, it pointed plainly to Macauley, apart
from the new fact of the murder of Toussaint in Liverpool, a city with a
considerable floating population of West Africans.”
“And I gather from your reference to the African poison, strophanthus,
that you fixed on Macauley at once when I gave you my sketch of the
case?”
“Yes; especially when I saw your photographs of the footprints with the
absent little toes and those characteristic chigger-scars on the toes that
remained. But it was sheer luck that enabled me to fit the key-stone into its
place and turn mere probability into virtual certainty. I could have embraced
the magician Wardale when he brought us the magic slippers. Still, it isn’t
an absolute certainty, even now, though I expect it will be by to-morrow.”
And Thorndyke was right. That very evening the police entered
Macauley’s chambers in Tanfield Court, where they discovered the dead
woman’s attaché case. It still contained Toussaint’s letters to his wife, and
one of those letters mentioned by name, as members of a dangerous secret
society, several prominent Sierra Leone men, including the accused David
Macauley.

III.
THE NEW JERSEY SPHINX

“A rather curious neighbourhood this, Jervis,” my friend Thorndyke
remarked as we turned into Upper Bedford Place; “a sort of temporary
aviary for cosmopolitan birds of passage, especially those of the Oriental
variety. The Asiatic and African faces that one sees at the windows of these
Bloomsbury boarding-houses almost suggest an overflow from the
ethnographical galleries of the adjacent British Museum.”
“Yes,” I agreed, “there must be quite a considerable population of
Africans, Japanese and Hindus in Bloomsbury; particularly Hindus.”
As I spoke, and as if in illustration of my statement, a dark-skinned man
rushed out of one of the houses farther down the street and began to
advance towards us in a rapid, bewildered fashion, stopping to look at each
street door as he came to it. His hatless condition—though he was
exceedingly well dressed—and his agitated manner immediately attracted
my attention, and Thorndyke’s too, for the latter remarked, “Our friend
seems to be in trouble. An accident, perhaps, or a case of sudden illness.”
Here the stranger, observing our approach, ran forward to meet us and
asked in an agitated tone, “Can you tell me, please, where I can find a
doctor?”
“I am a medical man,” replied Thorndyke, “and so is my friend.”
Our acquaintance grasped Thorndyke’s sleeve and exclaimed eagerly:
“Come with me, then, quickly if you please. A most dreadful thing has
happened.”
He hurried us along at something between a trot and a quick walk, and as
we proceeded he continued excitedly, “I am quite confused and terrified; it
is all so strange and sudden and terrible.”
“Try,” said Thorndyke, “to calm yourself a little and tell us what has
happened.”
“I will,” was the agitated reply. “It is my cousin, Dinanath Byramji—his
surname is the same as mine. Just now I went to his room and was horrified
to find him lying on the floor, staring at the ceiling and blowing—like this,”

and he puffed out his cheeks with a soft blowing noise. “I spoke to him and
shook his hand, but he was like a dead man. This is the house.”
He darted up the steps to an open door at which a rather scared page-boy
was on guard, and running along the hall, rapidly ascended the stairs.
Following him closely, we reached a rather dark first-floor landing where,
at a half-open door, a servant-maid stood listening with an expression of
awe to a rhythmical snoring sound that issued from the room.
The unconscious man lay as Mr. Byramji had said, staring fixedly at the
ceiling with wide-open, glazy eyes, puffing out his cheeks slightly at each
breath. But the breathing was shallow and slow, and it grew perceptibly
slower, with lengthening pauses. And even as I was timing it with my watch
while Thorndyke examined the pupils with the aid of a wax match, it
stopped. I laid my finger on the wrist and caught one or two slow, flickering
beats. Then the pulse stopped too.
“He is gone,” said I. “He must have burst one of the large arteries.”
“Apparently,” said Thorndyke, “though one would not have expected it at
his age. But wait! What is this?”
He pointed to the right ear, in the hollow of which a few drops of blood
had collected, and as he spoke he drew his hand gently over the dead man’s
head and moved it slightly from side to side.
“There is a fracture of the base of the skull,” said he, “and quite distinct
signs of contusion of the scalp.” He turned to Mr. Byramji, who stood
wringing his hands and gazing incredulously at the dead man, and asked:
“Can you throw any light on this?”
The Indian looked at him vacantly. The sudden tragedy seemed to have
paralyzed his brain. “I don’t understand,” said he. “What does it mean?”
“It means,” replied Thorndyke, “that he has received a heavy blow on the
head.”
For a few moments Mr. Byramji continued to stare vacantly at my
colleague. Then he seemed suddenly to realize the import of Thorndyke’s
reply, for he started up excitedly and turned to the door, outside which the
two servants were hovering.
“Where is the person gone who came in with my cousin?” he demanded.
“You saw him go out, Albert,” said the maid. “Tell Mr. Byramji where he
went to.”
The page tiptoed into the room with a fearful eye fixed on the corpse, and
replied falteringly, “I only see the back of him as he went out, and all I

know is that he turned to the left. P’raps he’s gone for a doctor.”
“Can you give us any description of him?” asked Thorndyke.
“I only see the back of him,” repeated the page. “He was a shortish
gentleman and he had on a dark suit of clothes and a hard felt hat. That’s all
I know.”
“Thank you,” said Thorndyke. “We may want to ask you some more
questions presently,” and having conducted the page to the door, he shut it
and turned to Mr. Byramji.
“Have you any idea who it was that was with your cousin?” he asked.
“None at all,” was the reply. “I was sitting in my room opposite, writing,
when I heard my cousin come up the stairs with another person, to whom he
was talking. I could not hear what he was saying. They went into his room
—this room—and I could occasionally catch the sound of their voices. In
about a quarter of an hour I heard the door open and shut, and then some
one went downstairs, softly and rather quickly. I finished the letter that I
was writing, and when I had addressed it I came in here to ask my cousin
who the visitor was. I thought it might be some one who had come to
negotiate for the ruby.”
“The ruby!” exclaimed Thorndyke. “What ruby do you refer to?”
“The great ruby,” replied Byramji. “But of course you have not——” He
broke off suddenly and stood for a few moments staring at Thorndyke with
parted lips and wide-open eyes; then abruptly he turned, and kneeling
beside the dead man he began, in a curious, caressing, half-apologetic
manner, first to pass his hand gently over the body at the waist and then to
unfasten the clothes. This brought into view a handsome, soft leather belt,
evidently of native workmanship, worn next to the skin and furnished with
three pockets. Mr. Byramji unbuttoned and explored them in quick
succession, and it was evident that they were all empty.
“It is gone!” he exclaimed in low, intense tones. “Gone! Ah! But how
little would it signify! But thou, dear Dinanath, my brother, my friend, thou
art gone, too!”
He lifted the dead man’s hand and pressed it to his cheek, murmuring
endearments in his own tongue. Presently he laid it down reverently, and
sprang up, and I was startled at the change in his aspect. The delicate,
gentle, refined face had suddenly become the face of a Fury—fierce,
sinister, vindictive.

“This wretch must die!” he exclaimed huskily. “This sordid brute who,
without compunction, has crushed out a precious life as one would
carelessly crush a fly, for the sake of a paltry crystal—he must die, if I have
to follow him and strangle him with my own hands!”
Thorndyke laid his hand on Byramji’s shoulder. “I sympathize with you
most cordially,” said he. “If it is as you think, and appearances suggest, that
your cousin has been murdered as a mere incident of robbery, the
murderer’s life is forfeit, and Justice cries aloud for retribution. The fact of
murder will be determined, for or against, by a proper inquiry. Meanwhile
we have to ascertain who this unknown man is and what happened while he
was with your cousin.”
Byramji made a gesture of despair. “But the man has disappeared, and
nobody has seen him! What can we do?”
“Let us look around us,” replied Thorndyke, “and see if we can judge
what has happened in this room. What, for instance, is this?”
He picked up from a corner near the door a small leather object, which he
handed to Mr. Byramji. The Indian seized it eagerly, exclaiming:
“Ah! It is the little bag in which my cousin used to carry the ruby. So he
had taken it from his belt.”
“It hasn’t been dropped, by any chance?” I suggested.
In an instant Mr. Byramji was down on his knees, peering and groping
about the floor, and Thorndyke and I joined in the search. But, as might
have been expected, there was no sign of the ruby, nor, indeed, of anything
else, excepting a hat which I picked up from under the table.
“No,” said Mr. Byramji, rising with a dejected air. “It is gone—of course
it is gone, and the murderous villain——”
Here his glance fell on the hat, which I had laid on the table, and he bent
forward to look at it.
“Whose hat is this?” he demanded, glancing at the chair on which
Thorndyke’s hat and mine had been placed.
“Is it not your cousin’s?” asked Thorndyke.
“No, certainly not. His hat was like mine—we bought them both
together. It had a white silk lining with his initials, D.B., in gold. This has
no lining and is a much older hat. It must be the murderer’s hat.”
“If it is,” said Thorndyke, “that is a most important fact—important in
two respects. Could you let us see your hat?”

“Certainly,” replied Byramji, walking quickly, but with a soft tread, to the
door. As he went out, shutting the door silently behind him, Thorndyke
picked up the derelict hat and swiftly tried it on the head of the dead man.
As far as I could judge, it appeared to fit, and this Thorndyke confirmed as
he replaced it on the table.
“As you see,” said he, “it is at least a practicable fit, which is a fact of
some significance.”
Here Mr. Byramji returned with his own hat, which he placed on the table
by the side of the other, and thus placed, crown uppermost, the two hats
were closely similar. Both were black, hard felts of the prevalent “bowler”
shape, and of good quality, and the difference in their age and state of
preservation was not striking; but when Byramji turned them over and
exhibited their interiors it was seen that whereas the strange hat was unlined
save for the leather headband, Byramji’s had a white silk lining and bore the
owner’s initials in embossed gilt letters.
“What happened,” said Thorndyke, when he had carefully compared the
two hats, “seems fairly obvious. The two men, on entering, placed their hats
crown upwards on the table. In some way—perhaps during a struggle—the
visitor’s hat was knocked down and rolled under the table. Then the
stranger, on leaving, picked up the only visible hat—almost identically
similar to his own—and put it on.”
“Is it not rather singular,” I asked, “that he should not have noticed the
different feel of a strange hat?”
“I think not,” Thorndyke replied. “If he noticed anything unusual he
would probably assume that he had put it on the wrong way round.
Remember that he would be extremely hurried and agitated. And when once
he had left the house he would not dare to take the risk of returning, though
he would doubtless realize the gravity of the mistake. And now,” he
continued, “would you mind giving us a few particulars? You have spoken
of a great ruby, which your cousin had, and which seems to be missing.”
“Yes. You shall come to my room and I will tell you about it; but first let
us lay my poor cousin decently on his bed.”
“I think,” said Thorndyke, “the body ought not to be moved until the
police have seen it.”
“Perhaps you are right,” Byramji agreed reluctantly, “though it seems
callous to leave him lying there.” With a sigh he turned to the door, and
Thorndyke followed, carrying the two hats.

“My cousin and I,” said our host, when we were seated in his own large
bed-sitting room, “were both interested in gem-stones. I deal in all kinds of
stones that are found in the East, but Dinanath dealt almost exclusively in
rubies. He was a very fine judge of those beautiful gems, and he used to
make periodical tours in Burma in search of uncut rubies of unusual size or
quality. About four months ago he acquired at Mogok, in Upper Burma, a
magnificent specimen over twenty-eight carats in weight, perfectly flawless
and of the most gorgeous colour. It had been roughly cut, but my cousin
was intending to have it recut unless he should receive an advantageous
offer for it in the meantime.”
“What would be the value of such a stone?” I asked.
“It is impossible to say. A really fine large ruby of perfect colour is far,
far more valuable than the finest diamond of the same size. It is the most
precious of all gems, with the possible exception of the emerald. A fine ruby
of five carats is worth about three thousand pounds, but, of course, the
value rises out of all proportion with increasing size. Fifty thousand pounds
would be a moderate price for Dinanath’s ruby.”
During this recital I noticed that Thorndyke, while listening attentively,
was turning the stranger’s hat over in his hands, narrowly scrutinizing it
both inside and outside. As Byramji concluded, he remarked:
“We shall have to let the police know what has happened, but, as my
friend and I will be called as witnesses, I should like to examine this hat a
little more closely before you hand it over to them. Could you let me have a
small, hard brush? A dry nail-brush would do.”
Our host complied readily—in fact eagerly. Thorndyke’s authoritative,
purposeful manner had clearly impressed him, for he said as he handed my
colleague a new nail-brush: “I thank you for your help and value it. We
must not depend on the police only.”
Accustomed as I was to Thorndyke’s methods, his procedure was not
unexpected, but Mr. Byramji watched him with breathless interest and no
little surprise as, laying a sheet of note-paper on the table, he brought the
hat close to it and brushed firmly but slowly, so that the dust dislodged
should fall on it. As it was not a very well-kept hat, the yield was
considerable, especially when the brush was drawn under the curl of the
brim, and very soon the paper held quite a little heap. Then Thorndyke
folded the paper into a small packet and having written “outside” on it, put
it in his pocket-book.

“Why do you do that?” Mr. Byramji asked. “What will the dust tell you?”
“Probably nothing,” Thorndyke replied. “But this hat is our only direct
clue to the identity of the man who was with your cousin, and we must
make the most of it. Dust, you know, is only a mass of fragments detached
from surrounding objects. If the objects are unusual the dust may be quite
distinctive. You could easily identify the hat of a miller or a cement
worker.” As he was speaking he reversed the hat and turned down the
leather head-lining, whereupon a number of strips of folded paper fell down
into the crown.
“Ah!” exclaimed Byramji, “perhaps we shall learn something now.”
He picked out the folded slips and began eagerly to open them out, and
we examined them systematically, one by one. But they were singularly
disappointing and uninforming. Mostly they consisted of strips of
newspaper, with one or two circulars, a leaf from a price list of gas stoves, a
portion of a large envelope on which were the remains of an address which
read “—n—don, W.C.,” and a piece of paper, evidently cut down vertically
and bearing the right-hand half of some kind of list. This read:

“—el 3 oz. 5 dwts.
—eep 9½ oz.”

“Can you make anything of this?” I asked, handing the paper to
Thorndyke.
He looked at it reflectively, and answered, as he copied it into his
notebook: “It has, at least, some character. If we consider it with the other
data we should get some sort of hint from it. But these scraps of paper don’t
tell us much. Perhaps their most suggestive feature is their quantity and the
way in which, as you have no doubt noticed, they were arranged at the sides
of the hat. We had better replace them as we found them for the benefit of
the police.”
The nature of the suggestion to which he referred was not very obvious to
me, but the presence of Mr. Byramji rendered discussion inadvisable; nor
was there any opportunity, for we had hardly reconstituted the hat when we
became aware of a number of persons ascending the stairs, and then we
heard the sound of rather peremptory rapping at the door of the dead man’s
room.

Mr. Byramji opened the door and went out on to the landing, where
several persons had collected, including the two servants and a constable.
“I understand,” said the policeman, “that there is something wrong here.
Is that so?”
“A very terrible thing has happened,” replied Byramji. “But the doctors
can tell you better than I can.” Here he looked appealingly at Thorndyke,
and we both went out and joined him.
“A gentleman—Mr. Dinanath Byramji—has met with his death under
somewhat suspicious circumstances,” said Thorndyke, and, glancing at the
knot of naturally curious persons on the landing, he continued: “If you will
come into the room where the death occurred, I will give you the facts so
far as they are known to us.”
With this he opened the door and entered the room with Mr. Byramji, the
constable, and me. As the door opened, the bystanders craned forward and a
middle-aged woman uttered a cry of horror and followed us into the room.
“This is dreadful!” she exclaimed, with a shuddering glance at the corpse.
“The servants told me about it when I came in just now and I sent Albert for
the police at once. But what does it mean? You don’t think poor Mr.
Dinanath has been murdered?”
“We had better get the facts, ma’am,” said the constable, drawing out a
large black notebook and laying his helmet on the table. He turned to Mr.
Byramji, who had sunk into a chair and sat, the picture of grief, gazing at
his dead cousin. “Would you kindly tell me what you know about how it
happened?”
Byramji repeated the substance of what he had told us, and when the
constable had taken down his statement, Thorndyke and I gave the few
medical particulars that we could furnish and handed the constable our
cards. Then, having helped to lay the corpse on the bed and cover it with a
sheet, we turned to take our leave.
“You have been very kind,” Mr. Byramji said as he shook our hands
warmly. “I am more than grateful. Perhaps I may be permitted to call on
you and hear if—if you have learned anything fresh,” he concluded
discreetly.
“We shall be pleased to see you,” Thorndyke replied, “and to give you
any help that we can”; and with this we took our departure, watched
inquisitively down the stairs by the boarders and the servants who still
lurked in the vicinity of the chamber of death.

“If the police have no more information than we have,” I remarked as we
walked homeward, “they won’t have much to go on.”
“No,” said Thorndyke. “But you must remember that this crime—as we
are justified in assuming it to be—is not an isolated one. It is the fourth of
practically the same kind within the last six months. I understand that the
police have some kind of information respecting the presumed criminal,
though it can’t be worth much, seeing that no arrest has been made. But
there is some new evidence this time. The exchange of hats may help the
police considerably.”
“In what way? What evidence does it furnish?”
“In the first place it suggests a hurried departure, which seems to connect
the missing man with the crime. Then, he is wearing the dead man’s hat,
and though he is not likely to continue wearing it, it may be seen and
furnish a clue. We know that that hat fits him fairly and we know its size, so
that we know the size of his head. Finally, we have the man’s own hat.”
“I don’t fancy the police will get much information from that,” said I.
“Probably not,” he agreed. “Yet it offered one or two interesting
suggestions, as you probably observed.”
“It made no suggestions whatever to me,” said I.
“Then,” said Thorndyke, “I can only recommend you to recall our simple
inspection and consider the significance of what we found.”
This I had to accept as closing the discussion for the time being, and as I
had to make a call at my bookseller’s concerning some reports that I had
left to be bound, I parted from Thorndyke at the corner of Chichester Rents
and left him to pursue his way alone.
My business with the bookseller took me longer than I had expected, for
I had to wait while the lettering on the backs was completed, and when I
arrived at our chambers in King’s Bench Walk, I found Thorndyke
apparently at the final stage of some experiment evidently connected with
our late adventure. The microscope stood on the table with one slide on the
stage and a second one beside it; but Thorndyke had apparently finished his
microscopical researches, for as I entered he held in his hand a test-tube
filled with a smoky-coloured fluid.
“I see that you have been examining the dust from the hat,” said I. “Does
it throw any fresh light on the case?”
“Very little,” he replied. “It is just common dust—assorted fibres and
miscellaneous organic and mineral particles. But there are a couple of hairs

from the inside of the hat—both lightish brown, and one of the atrophic,
note-of-exclamation type that one finds at the margin of bald patches; and
the outside dust shows minute traces of lead, apparently in the form of
oxide. What do you make of that?”
“Perhaps the man is a plumber or a painter,” I suggested.
“Either is possible and worth considering,” he replied; but his tone made
clear to me that this was not his own inference; and a row of five
consecutive Post Office Directories, which I had already noticed ranged
along the end of the table, told me that he had not only formed a hypothesis
on the subject, but had probably either confirmed or disproved it. For the
Post Office Directory was one of Thorndyke’s favourite books of reference;
and the amount of curious and recondite information that he succeeded in
extracting from its matter-of-fact pages would have surprised no one more
than it would the compilers of the work.
At this moment the sound of footsteps ascending our stairs became
audible. It was late for business callers, but we were not unaccustomed to
late visitors; and a familiar rat-tat of our little brass knocker seemed to
explain the untimely visit.
“That sounds like Superintendent Miller’s knock,” said Thorndyke, as he
strode across the room to open the door. And the Superintendent it turned
out to be. But not alone.
As the door opened, the officer entered with two gentlemen, both natives
of India, and one of whom was our friend Mr. Byramji.
“Perhaps,” said Miller, “I had better look in a little later.”
“Not on my account,” said Byramji. “I have only a few words to say and
there is nothing secret about my business. May I introduce my kinsman, Mr.
Khambata, a student of the Inner Temple?”
Byramji’s companion bowed ceremoniously. “Byramji came to my
chambers just now,” he explained, “to consult me about this dreadful affair,
and he chanced to show me your card. He had not heard of you, but
supposed you to be an ordinary medical practitioner. He did not realize that
he had entertained an angel unawares. But I, who knew of your great
reputation, advised him to put his affairs in your hands—without prejudice
to the official investigations,” Mr. Khambata added hastily, bowing to the
Superintendent.
“And I,” said Mr. Byramji, “instantly decided to act on my kinsman’s
advice. I have come to beg you to leave no stone unturned to secure the

punishment of my cousin’s murderer. Spare no expense. I am a rich man
and my poor cousin’s property will come to me. As to the ruby, recover it if
you can, but it is of no consequence. Vengeance—justice is what I seek.
Deliver this wretch into my hands, or into the hands of justice, and I give
you the ruby or its value, freely—gladly.”
“There is no need,” said Thorndyke, “of such extraordinary inducement.
If you wish me to investigate this case, I will do so and will use every
means at my disposal, without prejudice, as your friend says, to the proper
claims of the officers of the law. But you understand that I can make no
promises. I cannot guarantee success.”
“We understand that,” said Mr. Khambata. “But we know that if you
undertake the case, everything that is possible will be done. And now we
must leave you to your consultation.”
As soon as our clients had gone, Miller rose from his chair with his hand
in his breast pocket. “I dare say, Doctor,” said he, “you can guess what I
have come about. I was sent for to look into this Byramji case, and I heard
from Mr. Byramji that you had been there and that you had made a minute
examination of the missing man’s hat. So have I; and I don’t mind telling
you that I could learn nothing from it.”
“I haven’t learnt much myself,” said Thorndyke.
“But you’ve picked up something,” urged Miller, “if it is only a hint; and
we have just a little clue. There is very small doubt that this is the same man
—‘The New Jersey Sphinx,’ as the papers call him—that committed those
other robberies; and a very difficult type of criminal he is to get hold of. He
is bold, he is wary, he plays a lone hand, and he sticks at nothing. He has no
confederates, and he kills every time. The American police never got near
him but once; and that once gives us the only clues we have.”
“Finger-prints?” inquired Thorndyke.
“Yes, and very poor ones, too. So rough that you can hardly make out the
pattern. And even those are not absolutely guaranteed to be his; but in any
case, finger-prints are not much use until you’ve got the man. And there is a
photograph of the fellow himself. But it is only a snapshot, and a poor one
at that. All it shows is that he has a mop of hair and a pointed beard—or at
least he had when the photograph was taken. But for identification purposes
it is practically worthless. Still, there it is; and what I propose is this: we
want this man and so do you; we’ve worked together before and can trust

one another. I am going to lay my cards on the table and ask you to do the
same.”
“But, my dear Miller,” said Thorndyke, “I haven’t any cards. I haven’t a
single solid fact.”
The detective was visibly disappointed. Nevertheless, he laid two
photographs on the table and pushed them towards Thorndyke, who
inspected them through his lens and passed them to me.
“The pattern is very indistinct and broken up,” he remarked.
“Yes,” said Miller; “the prints must have been made on a very rough
surface, though you get prints something like those from fitters or other
men who use files and handle rough metal. And now, Doctor, can’t you give
us a lead of any kind?”
Thorndyke reflected a few moments. “I really have not a single real fact,”
said he, “and I am unwilling to make merely speculative suggestions.”
“Oh, that’s all right,” Miller replied cheerfully. “Give us a start. I shan’t
complain if it comes to nothing.”
“Well,” Thorndyke said reluctantly, “I was thinking of getting a few
particulars as to the various tenants of No. 51, Clifford’s Inn. Perhaps you
could do it more easily and it might be worth your while.”
“Good!” Miller exclaimed gleefully. “He ‘gives to airy nothing a local
habitation and a name.’ ”
“It is probably the wrong name,” Thorndyke reminded him.
“I don’t care,” said Miller. “But why shouldn’t we go together? It’s too
late to-night, and I can’t manage to-morrow morning. But say to-morrow
afternoon. Two heads are better than one, you know, especially when the
second one is yours. Or perhaps,” he added, with a glance at me, “three
would be better still.”
Thorndyke considered for a moment or two and then looked at me.
“What do you say, Jervis?” he asked.
As my afternoon was unoccupied, I agreed with enthusiasm, being as
curious as the Superintendent to know how Thorndyke had connected this
particular locality with the vanished criminal; and Miller departed in high
spirits with an appointment for the morrow at three o’clock in the afternoon.
For some time after the Superintendent’s departure I sat wrapped in
profound meditation. In some mysterious way the address, 51, Clifford’s
Inn, had emerged from the formless data yielded by the derelict hat. But
what had been the connection? Apparently the fragment of the addressed

envelope had furnished the clue. But how had Thorndyke extended “——n”
into “51, Clifford’s Inn”? It was to me a complete mystery.
Meanwhile, Thorndyke had seated himself at the writing table, and I
noticed that of the two letters which he wrote, one was written on our
headed paper and the other on ordinary plain notepaper. I was speculating
on the reason for this when he rose, and as he stuck on the stamps, said to
me, “I am just going out to post these two letters. Do you care for a short
stroll through the leafy shades of Fleet Street? The evening is still young.”
“The rural solitudes of Fleet Street attract me at all hours,” I replied,
fetching my hat from the adjoining office; and we accordingly sallied forth
together, strolling up King’s Bench Walk and emerging into Fleet Street by
way of Mitre Court. When Thorndyke had dropped his letters into the post
office box he stood awhile gazing up at the tower of St. Dunstan’s Church.
“Have you ever been in Clifford’s Inn, Jervis?” he inquired.
“Never,” I replied (we passed through it together on an average a dozen
times a week), “but it is not too late for an exploratory visit.”
We crossed the road, and entering Clifford’s Inn Passage, passed through
the still half-open gate, crossed the outer court and threaded the tunnel-like
entry by the hall to the inner court, near the middle of which Thorndyke
halted, and looking up at one of the ancient houses, remarked, “No. 51.”
“So that is where our friend hangs out his flag,” said I.
“Oh, come, Jervis,” he protested, “I am surprised at you; you are as bad
as Miller. I have merely suggested a possible connection between these
premises and the hat that was left at Bedford Place. As to the nature of that
connection I have no idea, and there may be no connection at all. I assure
you, Jervis, that I am on the thinnest possible ice. I am working on a
hypothesis which is in the highest degree speculative, and I should not have
given Miller a hint, but that he was so eager and so willing to help—and
also that I wanted his finger-prints. But we are really only at the beginning,
and may never get any farther.”
I looked up at the old house. It was all in darkness excepting the top
floor, where a couple of lighted windows showed the shadow of a man
moving rapidly about the room. We crossed to the entry and inspected the
names painted on the door-posts. The ground floor was occupied by a firm
of photoengravers, the first floor by a Mr. Carrington, whose name stood
out conspicuously on its oblong of comparatively fresh white paint, while
the tenants of the second floor—old residents, to judge by the faded and

discoloured paint in which their names were announced—were Messrs.
Burt & Highley, metallurgists.
“Burt has departed,” said Thorndyke, as I read out the names; and he
pointed to two red lines of erasure which I had not noticed in the dim light,
“so the active gentleman above is presumably Mr. Highley, and we may
take it that he has residential as well as business premises. I wonder who
and what Mr. Carrington is—but I dare say we shall find out to-morrow.”
With this he dismissed the professional aspects of Clifford’s Inn, and
changing the subject to its history and associations, chatted in his
inimitable, picturesque manner until our leisurely perambulations brought
us at length to the Inner Temple Gate.
On the following morning we bustled through our work in order to leave
the afternoon free, making several joint visits to solicitors from whom we
were taking instructions. Returning from the last of these—a City lawyer—
Thorndyke turned into St. Helen’s Place and halted at a doorway bearing
the brass plate of a firm of assayists and refiners. I followed him into the
outer office where, on his mentioning his name, an elderly man came to the
counter.
“Mr. Grayson has put out some specimens for you, sir,” said he. “They
are about thirty grains to the ton—you said that the content was of no
importance—and I am to tell you that you need not return them. They are
not worth treating.” He went to a large safe from which he took a canvas
bag, and returning to the counter, turned out on it the contents of the bag,
consisting of about a dozen good-sized lumps of quartz and a glittering
yellow fragment, which Thorndyke picked out and dropped in his pocket.
“Will that collection do?” our friend inquired.
“It will answer my purpose perfectly,” Thorndyke replied, and when the
specimens had been replaced in the bag, and the latter deposited in
Thorndyke’s handbag, my colleague thanked the assistant and we went on
our way.
“We extend our activities into the domain of mineralogy,” I remarked.
Thorndyke smiled an inscrutable smile. “We also employ the suction
pump as an instrument of research,” he observed. “However, the strategic
uses of chunks of quartz—otherwise than as missiles—will develop
themselves in due course, and the interval may be used for reflection.”
It was. But my reflections brought no solution. I noticed, however, that
when at three o’clock we set forth in company with the Superintendent, the

bag went with us; and having offered to carry it and having had my offer
accepted with a sly twinkle, its weight assured me that the quartz was still
inside.
“Chambers and Offices to let,” Thorndyke read aloud as we approached
the porter’s lodge. “That lets us in, I think. And the porter knows Dr. Jervis
and me by sight, so he will talk more freely.”
“He doesn’t know me,” said the Superintendent, “but I’ll keep in the
background, all the same.”
A pull at the bell brought out a clerical-looking man in a tall hat and a
frock coat, who regarded Thorndyke and me through his spectacles with an
amiable air of recognition.
“Good afternoon, Mr. Larkin,” said Thorndyke. “I am asked to get
particulars of vacant chambers. What have you got to let?”
Mr. Larkin reflected. “Let me see. There’s a ground floor at No. 5—
rather dark—and a small second-pair set at No. 12. And then there is—oh,
yes, there is a good first floor set at No. 51. They wouldn’t have been
vacant until Michaelmas, but Mr. Carrington, the tenant, has had to go
abroad suddenly. I had a letter from him this morning, enclosing the key.
Funny letter, too.” He dived into his pocket, and hauling out a bundle of
letters, selected one and handed it to Thorndyke with a broad smile.
Thorndyke glanced at the postmark (“London, E.”), and having taken out
the key, extracted the letter, which he opened and held so that Miller and I
could see it. The paper bore the printed heading, “Baltic Shipping
Company, Wapping,” and the further written heading, “S.S. Gothenburg,”
and the letter was brief and to the point:

Dear Sir,
I am giving up my chambers at No. 51, as I have been suddenly
called abroad. I enclose the key, but am not troubling you with the
rent. The sale of my costly furniture will more than cover it, and
the surplus can be expended on painting the garden railings.

Yours sincerely,
A. Carrington.

Thorndyke smilingly replaced the letter and the key in the envelope and
asked:

“What is the furniture like?”
“You’ll see,” chuckled the porter, “if you care to look at the rooms. And I
think they might suit. They’re a good set.”
“Quiet?”
“Yes, pretty quiet. There’s a metallurgist overhead—Highley—used to be
Burt & Highley, but Burt has gone to the City, and I don’t think Highley
does much business now.”
“Let me see,” said Thorndyke, “I think I used to meet Highley sometimes
—a tall, dark man, isn’t he?”
“No, that would be Burt. Highley is a little, fairish man, rather bald, with
a pretty rich complexion”—here Mr. Larkin tapped his nose knowingly and
raised his little finger—“which may account for the falling off of business.”
“Hadn’t we better have a look at the rooms?” Miller interrupted a little
impatiently.
“Can we see them, Mr. Larkin?” asked Thorndyke.
“Certainly,” was the reply. “You’ve got the key. Let me have it when
you’ve seen the rooms; and whatever you do,” he added with a broad grin,
“be careful of the furniture.”
“It looks,” the Superintendent remarked as we crossed the inner court,
“as if Mr. Carrington had done a mizzle. That’s hopeful. And I see,” he
continued, glancing at the fresh paint on the door-post as we passed through
the entry, “that he hasn’t been here long. That’s hopeful, too.”
We ascended to the first floor, and as Thorndyke unlocked and threw
open the door, Miller laughed aloud. The “costly furniture” consisted of a
small kitchen table, a Windsor chair and a dilapidated deck-chair. The
kitchen contained a gas ring, a small saucepan and a frying-pan, and the
bedroom was furnished with a camp-bed devoid of bed-clothes, a washhand
basin on a packing case, and a water can.
“Hallo!” exclaimed the Superintendent. “He’s left a hat behind. Quite a
good hat, too.” He took it down from the peg, glanced at its exterior and
then, turning it over, looked inside. And then his mouth opened with a jerk.
“Great Solomon Eagle!” he gasped. “Do you see, Doctor? It’s the hat.”
He held it out to us, and sure enough on the white silk lining of the crown
were the embossed, gilt letters, D.B., just as Mr. Byramji had described
them.
“Yes,” Thorndyke agreed, as the Superintendent snatched up a
greengrocer’s paper bag from the kitchen floor and persuaded the hat into it,

“it is undoubtedly the missing link. But what are you going to do now?”
“Do!” exclaimed Miller. “Why, I am going to collar the man. These
Baltic boats put in at Hull and Newcastle—perhaps he didn’t know that—
and they are pretty slow boats, too. I shall wire to Newcastle to have the
ship detained and take Inspector Badger down to make the arrest. I’ll leave
you to explain to the porter, and I owe you a thousand thanks for your
valuable tip.”
With this he bustled away, clasping the precious hat, and from the
window we saw him hurry across the court and dart out through the postern
into Fetter Lane.
“I think Miller was rather precipitate,” said Thorndyke. “He should have
got a description of the man and some further particulars.”
“Yes,” said I. “Miller had much better have waited until you had finished
with Mr. Larkin. But you can get some more particulars when we take back
the key.”
“We shall get more information from the gentleman who lives on the
floor above, and I think we will go up and interview him now. I wrote to
him last night and made a metallurgical appointment, signing myself W.
Polton. Your name, if he should ask, is Stevenson.”
As we ascended the stairs to the next floor, I meditated on the rather
tortuous proceedings of my usually straightforward colleague. The use of
the lumps of quartz was now obvious; but why these mysterious tactics?
And why, before knocking at the door, did Thorndyke carefully take the
reading of the gas meter on the landing?
The door was opened in response to our knock by a shortish, alert-
looking, clean-shaved man in a white overall, who looked at us keenly and
rather forbiddingly. But Thorndyke was geniality personified.
“How do you do, Mr. Highley?” said he, holding out his hand, which the
metallurgist shook coolly. “You got my letter, I suppose?”
“Yes. But I am not Mr. Highley. He’s away and I am carrying on. I think
of taking over his business, if there is any to take over. My name is
Sherwood. Have you got the samples?”
Thorndyke produced the canvas bag, which Mr. Sherwood took from him
and emptied out on a bench, picking up the lumps of quartz one by one and
examining them closely. Meanwhile Thorndyke took a rapid survey of the
premises. Against the wall were two cupel furnaces and a third larger
furnace like a small pottery kiln. On a set of narrow shelves were several

rows of bone-ash cupels, looking like little white flower-pots, and near
them was the cupel-press—an appliance into which powdered bone-ash was
fed and compressed by a plunger to form the cupels—while by the side of
the press was a tub of bone-ash—a good deal coarser, I noticed, than the
usual fine powder. This coarseness was also observed by Thorndyke, who
edged up to the tub and dipped his hand into the ash and then wiped his
fingers on his handkerchief.
“This stuff doesn’t seem to contain much gold,” said Mr. Sherwood. “But
we shall see when we make the assay.”
“What do you think of this?” asked Thorndyke, taking from his pocket
the small lump of glittering, golden-looking mineral that he had picked out
at the assayist’s. Mr. Sherwood took it from him and examined it closely.
“This looks more hopeful,” said he; “rather rich, in fact.”
Thorndyke received this statement with an unmoved countenance; but as
for me, I stared at Mr. Sherwood in amazement. For this lump of glittering
mineral was simply a fragment of common iron pyrites! It would not have
deceived a schoolboy, much less a metallurgist.
Still holding the specimen, and taking a watchmaker’s lens from a shelf,
Mr. Sherwood moved over to the window. Simultaneously, Thorndyke
stepped softly to the cupel shelves and quickly ran his eye along the rows of
cupels. Presently he paused at one, examined it more closely, and then,
taking it from the shelf, began to pick at it with his finger-nail.
At this moment Mr. Sherwood turned and observed him; and instantly
there flashed into the metallurgist’s face an expression of mingled anger and
alarm.
“Put that down!” he commanded peremptorily, and then, as Thorndyke
continued to scrape with his finger-nail, he shouted furiously, “Do you
hear? Drop it!”
Thorndyke took him literally at his word and let the cupel fall on the
floor, when it shattered into innumerable fragments, of which one of the
largest separated itself from the rest. Thorndyke pounced upon it and in an
instantaneous glance as he picked it up, I recognized it as a calcined tooth.
Then followed a few moments of weird, dramatic silence. Thorndyke,
holding the tooth between his finger and thumb, looked steadily into the
eyes of the metallurgist; and the latter, pallid as a corpse, glared at
Thorndyke and furtively unbuttoned his overall.

Suddenly the silence broke into a tumult as bewildering as the crash of a
railway collision. Sherwood’s right hand darted under his overall. Instantly,
Thorndyke snatched up another cupel and hurled it with such truth of aim
that it shattered on the metallurgist’s forehead. And as he flung the missile,
he sprang forward, and delivered a swift upper-cut. There was a thunderous
crash, a cloud of white dust, and an automatic pistol clattered along the
floor.
I snatched up the pistol and rushed to my friend’s assistance. But there
was no need. With his great strength and his uncanny skill—to say nothing
of the effects of the knock-out blow—Thorndyke had the man pinned down
immovably.
“See if you can find some cord, Jervis,” he said in a calm, quiet tone that
seemed almost ridiculously out of character with the circumstances.
There was no difficulty about this, for several corded boxes stood in a
corner of the laboratory. I cut off two lengths, with one of which I secured
the prostrate man’s arms and with the other fastened his knees and ankles.
“Now,” said Thorndyke, “if you will take charge of his hands, we will
make a preliminary inspection. Let us first see if he wears a belt.”
Unbuttoning the man’s waistcoat, he drew up the shirt, disclosing a
broad, webbing belt furnished with several leather pockets, the buttoned
flaps of which he felt carefully, regardless of the stream of threats and
imprecations that poured from our victim’s swollen lips. From the front
pockets he proceeded to the back, passing an exploratory hand under the
writhing body.
“Ah!” he exclaimed suddenly, “just turn him over, and look out for his
heels.”
We rolled our captive over, and as Thorndyke “skinned the rabbit,” a
central pocket came into view, into which, when he had unbuttoned it, he
inserted his fingers. “Yes,” he continued, “I think this is what we are
looking for.” He withdrew his fingers, between which he held a small
packet of Japanese paper, and with feverish excitement I watched him open
out layer after layer of the soft wrapping. As he turned back the last fold a
wonderful crimson sparkle told me that the “great ruby” was found.
“There, Jervis,” said Thorndyke, holding the magnificent gem towards
me in the palm of his hand, “look on this beautiful, sinister thing, charged
with untold potentialities of evil—and thank the gods that it is not yours.”

He wrapped it up again carefully and, having bestowed it in an inner
pocket, said, “And now give me the pistol and run down to the telegraph
office and see if you can stop Miller. I should like him to have the credit for
this.”
I handed him the pistol and made my way out into Fetter Lane and so
down to Fleet Street, where at the post office my urgent message was sent
off to Scotland Yard immediately. In a few minutes the reply came that
Superintendent Miller had not yet left and that he was starting immediately
for Clifford’s Inn. A quarter of an hour later he drove up in a hansom to the
Fetter Lane gate and I conducted him up to the second floor, where
Thorndyke introduced him to his prisoner and witnessed the official arrest.

“You don’t see how I arrived at it,” said Thorndyke as we walked
homeward after returning the key. “Well, I am not surprised. The initial
evidence was of the weakest; it acquired significance only by cumulative
effect. Let us reconstruct it as it developed.
“The derelict hat was, of course, the starting point. Now the first thing
one noticed was that it appeared to have had more than one owner. No man
would buy a new hat that fitted so badly as to need all that packing; and the
arrangement of the packing suggested a long-headed man wearing a hat that
had belonged to a man with a short head. Then there were the suggestions
offered by the slips of paper. The fragmentary address referred to a place
the name of which ended in ‘n’ and the remainder was evidently ‘London,
W.C.’ Now what West Central place names end in ‘n’? It was not a street, a
square or a court, and Barbican is not in the W.C. district. It was almost
certainly one of the half-dozen surviving Inns of Court or Chancery. But, of
course, it was not necessarily the address of the owner of the hat.
“The other slip of paper bore the end of a word ending in ‘el,’ and
another word ending in ‘eep,’ and connected with these were quantities
stated in ounces and pennyweights troy weight. But the only persons who
use troy weight are those who deal in precious metals. I inferred therefore
that the ‘el’ was part of ‘lemel,’ and that the ‘eep’ was part of ‘floor-sweep,’
an inference that was supported by the respective quantities, three ounces
five pennyweights of lemel and nine and a half ounces of floor-sweep.”
“What is lemel?” I asked.
“It is the trade name for the gold or silver filings that collect in the ‘skin’
of a jeweller’s bench. Floor-sweep is, of course, the dust swept up on the

floor of a jeweller’s or goldsmith’s workshop. The lemel is actual metal,
though not of uniform fineness, but the ‘sweep’ is a mixture of dirt and
metal. Both are saved and sent to the refiners to have the gold and silver
extracted.
“This paper, then, was connected either with a goldsmith or a gold refiner
—who might call himself an assayist or a metallurgist. The connection was
supported by the leaf of a price list of gas stoves. A metallurgist would be
kept well supplied with lists of gas stoves and furnaces. The traces of lead
in the dust from the hat gave us another straw blowing in the same
direction, for gold assayed by the dry process is fused in the cupel furnace
with lead; and as the lead oxidizes and the oxide is volatile, traces of lead
would tend to appear in the dust deposited in the laboratory.
“The next thing to do was to consult the directory; and when I did so, I
found that there were no goldsmiths in any of the Inns and only one assayist
—Mr. Highley, of Clifford’s Inn. The probabilities, therefore, slender as
they were, pointed to some connection between this stray hat and Mr.
Highley. And this was positively all the information that we had when we
came out this afternoon.
“As soon as we got to Clifford’s Inn, however, the evidence began to
grow like a rolling snowball. First there was Larkin’s contribution; and then
there was the discovery of the missing hat. Now, as soon as I saw that hat
my suspicions fell upon the man upstairs. I felt a conviction that the hat had
been left there purposely and that the letter to Larkin was just a red herring
to create a false trail. Nevertheless, the presence of that hat completely
confirmed the other evidence. It showed that the apparent connection was a
real connection.”
“But,” I asked, “what made you suspect the man upstairs?”
“My dear Jervis!” he exclaimed. “Consider the facts. That hat was
enough to hang the man who left it there. Can you imagine this astute, wary
villain making such an idiot’s mistake—going away and leaving the means
of his conviction for any one to find? But you are forgetting that whereas
the missing hat was found on the first floor, the murderer’s hat was
connected with the second floor. The evidence suggested that it was
Highley’s hat. And now, before we go on to the next stage, let me remind
you of those finger-prints. Miller thought that their rough appearance was
due to the surface on which they had been made. But it was not. They were

the prints of a person who was suffering from ichthyosis, palmar psoriasis
or some dry dermatitis.
“There is one other point. The man we were looking for was a murderer.
His life was already forfeit. To such a man another murder more or less is of
no consequence. If this man, having laid the false trail, had determined to
take sanctuary in Highley’s rooms, it was probable that he had already got
rid of Highley. And remember that a metallurgist has unrivalled means of
disposing of a body; for not only is each of his muffle furnaces a miniature
crematorium, but the very residue of a cremated body—bone-ash—is one of
the materials of his trade.
“When we went upstairs, I first took the reading of the gas meter and
ascertained that a large amount of gas had been used recently. Then, when
we entered I took the opportunity to shake hands with Mr. Sherwood, and
immediately I became aware that he suffered from a rather extreme form of
ichthyosis. That was the first point of verification. Then we discovered that
he actually could not distinguish between iron pyrites and auriferous quartz.
He was not a metallurgist at all. He was a masquerader. Then the bone-ash
in the tub was mixed with fragments of calcined bone, and the cupels all
showed similar fragments. In one of them I could see part of the crown of a
tooth. That was pure luck. But observe that by that time I had enough
evidence to justify an arrest. The tooth served only to bring the affair to a
crisis; and his response to my unspoken accusation saved us the trouble of
further search for confirmatory evidence.”
“What is not quite clear to me,” said I, “is when and why he made away
with Highley. As the body has been completely reduced to bone-ash,
Highley must have been dead at least some days.”
“Undoubtedly,” Thorndyke agreed. “I take it that the course of events
was somewhat like this: The police have been searching eagerly for this
man, and every new crime must have made his position more unsafe—for a
criminal can never be sure that he has not dropped some clue. It began to be
necessary for him to make some arrangements for leaving the country and
meanwhile to have a retreat in case his whereabouts should chance to be
discovered. Highley’s chambers were admirable for both purposes. Here
was a solitary man who seldom had a visitor, and who would probably not
be missed for some considerable time; and in those chambers were the
means of rapidly and completely disposing of the body. The mere murder
would be a negligible detail to this ruffian.

“I imagine that Highley was done to death at least a week ago, and that
the murderer did not take up his new tenancy until the body was reduced to
ash. With that large furnace in addition to the small ones, this would not
take long. When the new premises were ready, he could make a sham
disappearance to cover his actual flight later; and you must see how
perfectly misleading that sham disappearance was. If the police had
discovered that hat in the empty room only a week later, they would have
been certain that he had escaped to one of the Baltic ports; and while they
were following his supposed tracks, he could have gone off comfortably via
Folkestone or Southampton.”
“Then you think he had only just moved into Highley’s rooms?”
“I should say he moved in last night. The murder of Byramji was
probably planned on some information that the murderer had picked up, and
as soon as it was accomplished he began forthwith to lay down the false
tracks. When he reached his rooms yesterday afternoon, he must have
written the letter to Larkin and gone off at once to the East End to post it.
Then he probably had his bushy hair cut short and shaved off his beard and
moustache—which would render him quite unrecognizable by Larkin—and
moved into Highley’s chambers, from which he would have quietly sallied
forth in a few days’ time to take his passage to the Continent. It was quite a
good plan and but for the accident of taking the wrong hat, would almost
certainly have succeeded.”
Once every year, on the second of August, there is delivered with
unfailing regularity at No. 5a, King’s Bench Walk, a large box of carved
sandal-wood filled with the choicest Trichinopoly cheroots and
accompanied by an affectionate letter from our late client, Mr. Byramji. For
the second of August is the anniversary of the death (in the execution shed
at Newgate) of Cornelius Barnett, otherwise known as the “New Jersey
Sphinx.”

IV.
THE TOUCHSTONE

It happened not uncommonly that the exigencies of practice committed my
friend Thorndyke to investigations that lay more properly within the
province of the police. For problems that had arisen as secondary
consequences of a criminal act could usually not be solved until the
circumstances of that act were fully elucidated, and, incidentally, the
identity of the actor established. Such a problem was that of the
disappearance of James Harewood’s will, a problem that was propounded to
us by our old friend, Mr. Marchmont, when he called on us, by
appointment, with the client of whom he had spoken in his note.
It was just four o’clock when the solicitor arrived at our chambers, and as
I admitted him he ushered in a gentlemanly-looking man of about thirty-
five, whom he introduced as Mr. William Crowhurst.
“I will just stay,” said he, with an approving glance at the tea-service on
the table, “and have a cup of tea with you, and give you an outline of the
case. Then I must run away and leave Mr. Crowhurst to fill in the details.”
He seated himself in an easy chair within comfortable reach of the table,
and as Thorndyke poured out the tea, he glanced over a few notes scribbled
on a sheet of paper.
“I may say,” he began, stirring his tea thoughtfully, “that this is a forlorn
hope. I have brought the case to you, but I have not the slightest expectation
that you will be able to help us.”
“A very wholesome frame of mind,” Thorndyke commented with a smile.
“I hope it is that of your client also.”
“It is indeed,” said Mr. Crowhurst; “in fact, it seems to me a waste of
your time to go into the matter. Probably you will think so too, when you
have heard the particulars.”
“Well, let us hear the particulars,” said Thorndyke. “A forlorn hope has,
at least, the stimulating quality of difficulty. Let us have your outline
sketch, Marchmont.”

The solicitor, having emptied his cup and pushed it towards the tray for
replenishment, glanced at his notes and began:
“The simplest way in which to present the problem is to give a brief
recital of the events that have given rise to it, which are these: The day
before yesterday—that is last Monday—at a quarter to two in the afternoon,
Mr. James Harewood executed a will at his house at Merbridge, which is
about two miles from Welsbury. There were present four persons: two of his
servants, who signed as witnesses, and the two principal beneficiaries—Mr.
Arthur Baxfield, a nephew of the testator, and our friend here, Mr. William
Crowhurst. The will was a holograph written on the two pages of a sheet of
letter-paper. When the witnesses signed, the will was covered by another
sheet of paper so that only the space for the signatures was exposed. Neither
of the witnesses read the will, nor did either of the beneficiaries; and so far
as I am aware, no one but the testator knew what were its actual provisions,
though, after the servants had left the room, Mr. Harewood explained its
general purport to the beneficiaries.”
“And what was its general purport?” Thorndyke asked.
“Broadly speaking,” replied Marchmont, “it divided the estate in two
very unequal portions between Mr. Baxfield and Mr. Crowhurst. There were
certain small legacies of which neither the amounts nor the names of the
legatees are known. Then, to Baxfield was given a thousand pounds to
enable him either to buy a partnership or to start a small factory—he is a
felt hat manufacturer by trade—and the remainder to Crowhurst, who was
made executor and residuary legatee. But, of course, the residue of the
estate is an unknown quantity, since we don’t know either the number or the
amounts of the legacies.
“Shortly after the signing of the will, the parties separated. Mr. Harewood
folded up the will and put it in a leather wallet which he slipped into his
pocket, stating his intention of taking the will forthwith to deposit with his
lawyer at Welsbury. A few minutes after his guests had departed, he was
seen by one of the servants to leave the house, and afterwards was seen by a
neighbour walking along a footpath which, after passing through a small
wood, joins the main road about a mile and a quarter from Welsbury. From
that time, he was never again seen alive. He never visited the lawyer, nor
did any one see him at or near Welsbury or elsewhere.
“As he did not return home that night, his housekeeper (he was a
widower and childless) became extremely alarmed, and in the morning she

communicated with the police. A search party was organized, and,
following the path on which he was last seen, explored the wood—which is
known locally as Gilbert’s Copse—and here, at the bottom of an old chalk-
pit, they found him lying dead with a fractured skull and a dislocated neck.
How he came by these injuries is not at present known; but as the body had
been robbed of all valuables, including his watch, purse, diamond ring and
the wallet containing the will, there is naturally a strong suspicion that he
had been murdered. That, however, is not our immediate concern—at least
not mine. I am concerned with the will, which, as you see, has disappeared,
and as it has presumably been carried away by a thief who is under
suspicion of murder, it is not likely to be returned.”
“It is almost certainly destroyed by this time,” said Mr. Crowhurst.
“That certainly seems probable,” Thorndyke agreed. “But what do you
want me to do? You haven’t come for counsel’s opinion?”
“No,” replied Marchmont. “I am pretty clear about the legal position. I
shall claim, as the will has presumably been destroyed, to have the testator’s
wishes carried out in so far as they are known. But I am doubtful as to the
view the Court may take. It may decide that the testator’s wishes are not
known; that the provisions of the will are too uncertain to admit of
administration.”
“And what would be the effect of that decision?” asked Thorndyke.
“In that case,” said Marchmont, “the entire estate would go to Baxfield as
he is the next of kin, and there was no previous will.”
“And what is it that you want me to do?”
Marchmont chuckled deprecatingly. “You have to pay the penalty of
being a prodigy, Thorndyke. We are asking you to do an impossibility—but
we don’t really expect you to bring it off. We ask you to help us to recover
the will.”
“If the will has been completely destroyed, it can’t be recovered,” said
Thorndyke. “But we don’t know that it has been destroyed. The matter is, at
least, worth investigating; and if you wish me to look into it, I will.”
The solicitor rose with an air of evident relief. “Thank you, Thorndyke,”
said he. “I expect nothing—at least, I tell myself that I do—but I can now
feel that everything that is possible will be done. And now I must be off.
Crowhurst can give you any details that you want.”
When Marchmont had gone, Thorndyke turned to our client and asked,
“What do you suppose Baxfield will do, if the will is irretrievably lost? Will

he press his claim as next of kin?”
“I should say yes,” replied Crowhurst. “He is a business man and his
natural claims are greater than mine. He is not likely to refuse what the law
assigns to him as his right. As a matter of fact, I think he felt that his uncle
had treated him unfairly in alienating the property.”
“Was there any reason for this diversion of the estate?”
“Well,” replied Crowhurst, “Harewood and I had been very good friends
and he was under some obligations to me; and then Baxfield had not made
himself very acceptable to his uncle. But the principal factor, I think, was a
strong tendency of Baxfield’s to gamble. He had lost quite a lot of money
by backing horses, and a careful, thrifty man like James Harewood doesn’t
care to leave his savings to a gambler. The thousand pounds that he did
leave to Baxfield was expressly for the purpose of investment in a
business.”
“Is Baxfield in business now?”
“Not on his own account. He is a sort of foreman or shop-manager in a
factory just outside Welsbury, and I believe he is a good worker and knows
his trade thoroughly.”
“And now,” said Thorndyke, “with regard to Mr. Harewood’s death. The
injuries might, apparently, have been either accidental or homicidal. What
are the probabilities of accident—disregarding the robbery?”
“Very considerable, I should say. It is a most dangerous place. The
footpath runs close beside the edge of a disused chalk-pit with
perpendicular or overhanging sides, and the edge is masked by bushes and
brambles. A careless walker might easily fall over—or be pushed over, for
that matter.”
“Do you know when the inquest is to take place?”
“Yes. The day after to-morrow. I had the subpœna this morning for
Friday afternoon at 2.30, at the Welsbury Town Hall.”
At this moment footsteps were heard hurriedly ascending the stairs and
then came a loud and peremptory rat-tat at our door. I sprang across to see
who our visitor was, and as I flung open the door, Mr. Marchmont rushed
in, breathing heavily and flourishing a newspaper.
“Here is a new development,” he exclaimed. “It doesn’t seem to help us
much, but I thought you had better know about it at once.” He sat down,
and putting on his spectacles, read aloud as follows: “A new and curious
light has been thrown on the mystery of the death of Mr. James Harewood,

whose body was found yesterday in a disused chalk-pit near Merbridge. It
appears that on Monday—the day on which Mr. Harewood almost certainly
was killed—a passenger alighting from a train at Barwood Junction before
it had stopped, slipped and fell between the train and the platform. He was
quickly extricated, and as he had evidently sustained internal injuries, he
was taken to the local hospital, where he was found to be suffering from a
fractured pelvis. He gave his name as Thomas Fletcher, but refused to give
any address, saying that he had no relatives. This morning he died, and on
his clothes being searched for an address, a parcel, formed of two
handkerchiefs tied up with string, was found in his pocket. When it was
opened it was found to contain five watches, three watch-chains, a tie-pin
and a number of bank-notes. Other pockets contained a quantity of loose
money—gold and silver mixed—and a card of the Welsbury Races, which
were held on Monday. Of the five watches, one has been identified as the
one taken from Mr. Harewood; and the bank-notes have been identified as a
batch handed to him by the cashier of his bank at Welsbury last Thursday
and presumably carried in the leather wallet which was stolen from his
pocket. This wallet, by the way, has also been found. It was picked up—
empty—last night on the railway embankment just outside Welsbury
Station. Appearances thus suggest that the man, Fletcher, when on his way
to the races, encountered Mr. Harewood in the lonely copse, and murdered
and robbed him; or perhaps found him dead in the chalk-pit and robbed the
body—a question that is now never likely to be solved.”
As Marchmont finished reading, he looked up at Thorndyke. “It doesn’t
help us much, does it?” said he. “As the wallet was found empty, it is pretty
certain that the will has been destroyed.”
“Or perhaps merely thrown away,” said Thorndyke. “In which case an
advertisement offering a substantial reward may bring it to light.”
The solicitor shrugged his shoulders sceptically, but agreed to publish the
advertisement. Then, once more he turned to go; and as Mr. Crowhurst had
no further information to give, he departed with his lawyer.
For some time after they had gone, Thorndyke sat with his brief notes
before him, silent and deeply reflective. I, too, maintained a discreet
silence, for I knew from long experience that the motionless pose and quiet,
impassive face were the outward signs of a mind in swift and strenuous
action. Instinctively, I gathered that this apparently chaotic case was being
quietly sorted out and arranged in a logical order; that Thorndyke, like a

skilful chess-player, was “trying over the moves” before he should lay his
hand upon the pieces.
Presently he looked up. “Well?” he asked. “What do you think, Jervis? Is
it worth while?”
“That,” I replied, “depends on whether the will is or is not in existence. If
it has been destroyed, an investigation would be a waste of our time and our
client’s money.”
“Yes,” he agreed. “But there is quite a good chance that it has not been
destroyed. It was probably dropped loose into the wallet, and then might
have been picked out and thrown away before the wallet was examined. But
we mustn’t concentrate too much on the will. If we take up the case—which
I am inclined to do—we must ascertain the actual sequence of events. We
have one clear day before the inquest. If we run down to Merbridge to-
morrow and go thoroughly over the ground, and then go on to Barwood and
find out all that we can about the man Fletcher, we may get some new light
from the evidence at the inquest.”
I agreed readily to Thorndyke’s proposal, not that I could see any way
into the case, but I felt a conviction that my colleague had isolated some
leading fact and had a definite line of research in his mind. And this
conviction deepened when, later in the evening, he laid his research case on
the table and rearranged its contents with evident purpose. I watched
curiously the apparatus that he was packing in it and tried—not very
successfully—to infer the nature of the proposed investigation. The box of
powdered paraffin wax and the spirit blowpipe were obvious enough; but
the “dust-aspirator”—a sort of miniature vacuum cleaner—the portable
microscope, the coil of Manila line, with an eye spliced into one end, and
especially the abundance of blank-labelled microscope slides, all of which I
saw him pack in the case with deliberate care, defeated me utterly.

About ten o’clock on the following morning we stepped from the train in
Welsbury Station, and having recovered our bicycles from the luggage van,
wheeled them through the barrier and mounted. During the train journey we
had both studied the one-inch Ordnance map to such purpose that we were
virtually in familiar surroundings and immune from the necessity of seeking
directions from the natives. As we cleared the town we glanced up the
broad by-road to the left which led to the race-course; then we rode on
briskly for a mile, which brought us to the spot where the footpath to

Merbridge joined the road. Here we dismounted and, lifting our bicycles
over the stile, followed the path towards a small wood which we could see
ahead, crowning a low hill.
“For such a good path,” Thorndyke remarked as we approached the
wood, “it is singularly unfrequented. I haven’t seen a soul since we left the
road.” He glanced at the map as the path entered the wood, and when we
had walked on a couple of hundred yards, he halted and stood his bicycle
against a tree. “The chalk-pit should be about here,” said he, “though it is
impossible to see.” He grasped a stem of one of the small bushes that
crowded on to the path and pulled it aside. Then he uttered an exclamation.
“Just look at that, Jervis. It is a positive scandal that a public path should
be left in this condition.”
Certainly Mr. Crowhurst had not exaggerated. It was a most dangerous
place. The parted branches revealed a chasm some thirty feet deep, the
brink of which, masked by the bushes, was but a matter of inches from the
edge of the path.
“We had better go back,” said Thorndyke, “and find the entrance to the
pit, which seems to be to the right. The first thing is to ascertain exactly
where Harewood fell. Then we can come back and examine the place from
above.”
We turned back, and presently found a faint track, which we followed
until, descending steeply, it brought us out into the middle of the pit. It was
evidently an ancient pit, for the sides were blackened by age, and the floor
was occupied by a number of trees, some of considerable size. Against one
of these we leaned our bicycles and then walked slowly round at the foot of
the frowning cliff.
“This seems to be below the path,” said Thorndyke, glancing up at the
grey wall which jutted out above in stages like an inverted flight of steps.
“Somewhere hereabouts we should find some traces of the tragedy.”
Even as he spoke my eye caught a spot of white on a block of chalk, and
on the freshly fractured surface a significant brownish-red stain. The block
lay opposite the mouth of an artificial cave—an old wagon-shelter, but now
empty—and immediately under a markedly overhanging part of the cliff.
“This is undoubtedly the place where he fell,” said Thorndyke. “You can
see where the stretcher was placed—an old-pattern stretcher with wheel-
runners—and there is a little spot of broken soil at the top where he came
over. Well, apart from the robbery, a clear fall of over thirty feet is enough

to account for a fractured skull. Will you stay here, Jervis, while I run up
and look at the path?”
He went off towards the entrance, and presently I heard him above,
pulling aside the bushes, and after one or two trials, he appeared directly
overhead.
“There are plenty of footprints on the path,” said he, “but nothing
abnormal. No trampling or signs of a struggle. I am going on a little
farther.”
He withdrew behind the bushes, and I proceeded to inspect the interior of
the cave, noting the smoke-blackened roof and the remains of a recent fire,
which, with a number of rabbit bones and a discarded tea-boiler of the kind
used by the professional tramp, seemed not without a possible bearing on
our investigation. I was thus engaged when I heard Thorndyke hail me from
above, and coming out of the cave, I saw his head thrust between the
branches. He seemed to be lying down, for his face was nearly on a level
with the top of the cliff.
“I want to take an impression,” he called out. “Will you bring up the
paraffin and the blower? And you might bring the coil of line, too.”
I hurried away to the place where our bicycles were standing, and
opening the research case, took out the coil of line, the tin of paraffin wax
and the spirit blowpipe, and having ascertained that the container of the
latter was full, I ran up the incline and made my way along the path. Some
distance along, I found my colleague nearly hidden in the bushes, lying
prone, with his head over the edge of the cliff.
“You see, Jervis,” he said as I crawled alongside and looked over, “this is
a possible way down, and some one has used it quite recently. He climbed
down with his face to the cliff—you can see the clear impression of the toe
of a boot in the loam on that projection, and you can even make out the
shape of an iron toe-tip. Now the problem is how to get down to take the
impression without dislodging the earth above it. I think I will secure
myself with the line.”
“It is hardly worth the risk of a broken neck,” said I. “Probably the print
is that of some schoolboy.”
“It is a man’s foot,” he replied. “Most likely it has no connection with our
case. But it may have, and as a shower of rain would obliterate it we ought
to secure it.” As he spoke, he passed the end of the cord through the eye and
slipped the loop over his shoulders, drawing it tight under his arms. Then,

having made the line fast to the butt of a small tree, he cautiously lowered
himself over the edge and climbed down to the projection. As soon as he
had a secure footing, I passed the spare cord through the ring on the lid of
the wax tin and lowered it to him, and when he had unfastened it, I drew up
the cord and in the same way let down the blowpipe. Then I watched his
neat, methodical procedure. First he took out a spoonful of the powdered, or
grated, wax and very delicately sprinkled it on the toe-print until the latter
was evenly but very thinly covered. Next he lit the blow-lamp, and as soon
as the blue flame began to roar from the pipe, he directed it on to the toe-
print. Almost instantly the powder melted, glazing the impression like a
coat of varnish. Then the flame was removed and the film of wax at once
solidified and became dull and opaque. A second, heavier sprinkling with
the powder, followed by another application of the flame, thickened the film
of wax, and this process, repeated four or five times, eventually produced a
solid cake. Then Thorndyke extinguished the blow-lamp, and securing it
and the tin to the cord, directed me to pull them up. “And you might send
me down the field-glasses,” he added. “There is something farther down
that I can’t quite make out.”
I slipped the glasses from my shoulder, and opening the case, tied the
cord to the leather sling and lowered it down the cliff; and then I watched
with some curiosity as Thorndyke stood on his insecure perch steadily
gazing through the glasses (they were Zeiss 8-prismatics) at a clump of
wallflowers that grew from a boss of chalk about half-way down. Presently
he lowered the glasses and, slinging them round his neck by their lanyard,
turned his attention to the cake of wax. It was by this time quite solid, and
when he had tested it, he lifted it carefully and placed it in the empty
binocular case, when I drew it up.
“I want you, Jervis,” Thorndyke called up, “to steady the line. I am going
down to that wallflower clump.”
It looked extremely unsafe, but I knew it was useless to protest, so I
hitched the line around a massive stump and took a firm grip of the “fall.”
“Ready,” I sang out; and forthwith Thorndyke began to creep across the
face of the cliff with feet and hands clinging to almost invisible projections.
Fortunately, there was at this part no overhang, and though my heart was in
my mouth as I watched, I saw him cross the perilous space in safety.
Arrived at the clump, he drew an envelope from his pocket, stooped and
picked up some small object, which he placed in the envelope, returning the

latter to his pocket. Then he gave me another bad five minutes while he
recrossed the nearly vertical surface to his starting-point; but at length this,
too, was safely accomplished, and when he finally climbed up over the edge
and stood beside me on solid earth, I drew a deep breath and turned to
revile him.
“Well,” I demanded sarcastically, “what have you gathered at the risk of
your neck? Is it samphire or edelweiss?”
He drew the envelope from his pocket, and dipping into it, produced a
cigarette-holder—a cheap bone affair, black and clammy with long service
and still holding the butt of a hand-made cigarette—and handed it to me. I
turned it over, smelled it and hastily handed it back. “For my part,” said I, “I
wouldn’t have risked the cervical vertebrae of a yellow cat for it. What do
you expect to learn from it?”
“Of course, I expect nothing. We are just collecting facts on the chance
that they may turn out to be relevant. Here, for instance, we find that a man
has descended, within a few yards of where Harewood fell, by this very
inconvenient route, instead of going round to the entrance to the pit. He
must have had some reason for adopting this undesirable mode of descent.
Possibly, he was in a hurry, and probably he belonged to the district, since a
stranger would not know of the existence of this short cut. Then it seems
likely that this was his cigarette tube. If you look over, you will see by those
vertical scrapes on the chalk that he slipped and must have nearly fallen. At
that moment he probably dropped the tube, for you notice that the
wallflower clump is directly under the marks of his toes.”
“Why do you suppose he did not recover the tube?”
“Because the descent slopes away from the position of the clump, and he
had no trusty Jervis with a stout cord to help him to cross the space. And if
he went down this way because he was hurried, he would not have time to
search for the tube. But if the tube was not his, still it belonged to somebody
who has been here recently.”
“Is there anything that leads you to connect this man with the crime?”
“Nothing but time and place,” he replied. “The man has been down into
the pit close to where Harewood was robbed and possibly murdered, and as
the traces are quite recent, he must have been there near about the time of
the robbery. That is all. I am considering the traces of this man in particular
because there are no traces of any other. But we may as well have a look at
the path, which, as you see, yields good impressions.”

We walked slowly along the path towards Merbridge, keeping at the
edges and scrutinizing the surface closely. In the shady hollows, the soft
loam bore prints of many feet, and among them we could distinguish one
with an iron toe-tip, but it was nearly obliterated by another studded with
hob-nails.
“We shan’t get much information here,” said Thorndyke as he turned
about. “The search party have trodden out the important prints. Let us see if
we can find out where the man with the toe-tips went to.”
We searched the path on the Welsbury side of the chalk-pit, but found no
trace of him. Then we went into the pit, and having located the place where
he descended, sought for some other exit than the track leading to the path.
Presently, half-way up the slope, we found a second track, bearing away in
the direction of Merbridge. Following this for some distance, we came to a
small hollow at the bottom of which was a muddy space. And here we both
halted abruptly, for in the damp ground were the clear imprints of a pair of
boots which we could see had, in addition to the toe-tips, half-tips to the
heels.
“We had better have wax casts of these,” said Thorndyke, “to compare
with the boots of the man Fletcher. I will do them while you go back for the
bicycles.”
By the time that I returned with the machines two of the footprints were
covered with a cake each of wax, and Thorndyke had left the track and was
peering among the bushes. I inquired what he was looking for.
“It is a forlorn hope, as Marchmont would say,” he replied, “but I am
looking to see if the will has been thrown away here. It was quite probably
jettisoned at once, and this is the most probable route for the robber to have
taken, if he knew of it. You see by the map that it must lead nearly directly
to the race-course, and it avoids both the path and the main road. While the
wax is setting we might as well look round.”
It seemed a hopeless enough proceeding and I agreed to it without
enthusiasm. Leaving the track on the opposite side to that which Thorndyke
was searching, I wandered among the bushes and the little open spaces,
peering about me and reminding myself of that “aged, aged man” who

“Sometimes searched the grassy knolls,
For wheels of hansom cabs.”

I had worked my way nearly back to where I could see Thorndyke, also
returning, when my glance fell on a small, brown object caught among the
branches of a bush. It was a man’s pigskin purse; and as I picked it out of
the bush I saw that it was open and empty.
With my prize in my hand, I hastened to the spot where Thorndyke was
lifting the wax casts. He looked up and asked, “No luck, I suppose?”
I held out the purse, on which he pounced eagerly. “But this is most
important, Jervis,” he exclaimed. “It is almost certainly Harewood’s purse.
You see the initials, ‘J.H.,’ stamped on the flap. Then we were right as to the
direction that the robber took. And it would pay to search this place
exhaustively for the will, though we can’t do that now, as we have to go on
to Barwood. I wrote to say we were coming. We had better get back to the
path now and make for the road. Barwood is only half an hour’s run.”

We packed the casts in the research case (which was strapped to
Thorndyke’s bicycle), and turning back, made our way to the path. As it
was still deserted, we ventured to mount, and soon reached the road, along
which we started at a good pace towards Barwood.
Half an hour’s ride brought us into the main street of the little town, and
when we dismounted at the police station we found the Chief Constable
himself waiting to receive us, courteously eager to assist us, but possessed
by a devouring curiosity which was somewhat inconvenient.
“I have done as you asked me in your letter, sir,” he said. “Fletcher’s
body is, of course, in the mortuary, but I have had all his clothes and effects
brought here; and I have had them put in my private office, so that you can
look them over in comfort.”
“It is exceedingly good of you,” said Thorndyke, “and most helpful.” He
unstrapped the research case, and following the officer into his sanctum,
looked round with deep approval. A large table had been cleared for the
examination, and the dead pickpocket’s clothes and effects neatly arranged
at one end.
Thorndyke’s first proceeding was to pick up the dead man’s boots—a
smart but flimsy pair of light brown leather, rather down at heel and in need
of re-soling. Neither toes nor heels bore any tips or even nails excepting the
small fastening brads. Having exhibited them to me without remark,
Thorndyke placed them on a sheet of white paper and made a careful
tracing of the soles, a proceeding that seemed to surprise the Chief
Constable, for he remarked, “I should hardly have thought that the question
of footprints would arise in this case. You can’t charge a dead man.”
Thorndyke agreed that this seemed to be true; and then he proceeded to
an operation that fairly made the officer’s eyes bulge. Opening the research
case—into which the officer cast an inquisitive glance—he took out the
dust-aspirator, the nozzle of which he inserted into one after another of the
dead thief’s pockets while I worked the pump. When he had gone through
them all, he opened the receiver and extracted quite a considerable ball of
dusty fluff. Placing this on a glass slide, he tore it in halves with a pair of
mounted needles and passed one half to me, when we both fell to work
“teasing” it out into an open mesh, portions of which we separated and laid
—each in a tiny pool of glycerine—on blank-labelled glass slides, applying
to each slide its cover-glass and writing on the label, “Dust from Fletcher’s
pockets.”

When the series was complete, Thorndyke brought out the microscope,
and fitting on a one-inch objective, quickly examined the slides, one after
another, and then pushed the microscope to me. So far as I could see, the
dust was just ordinary dust—principally made up of broken cotton fibres
with a few fibres of wool, linen, wood, jute, and others that I could not
name and some undistinguishable mineral particles. But I made no
comment, and resigning the microscope to the Chief Constable—who
glared through it, breathing hard, and remarked that the dust was “rummy-
looking stuff”—watched Thorndyke’s further proceedings. And very odd
proceedings they were.
First he laid the five stolen watches in a row, and with a Coddington lens
minutely examined the dial of each. Then he opened the back of each in
turn and copied into his notebook the watch-repairers’ scratched
inscriptions. Next he produced from the case a number of little vulcanite
rods, and laying out five labelled slides, dropped a tiny drop of glycerine on
each, covering it at once with a watch-glass to protect it from falling dust.
Then he stuck a little label on each watch, wrote a number on it and
similarly numbered the five slides. His next proceeding was to take out the
glass of watch No. 1 and pick up one of the vulcanite rods, which he rubbed
briskly on a silk handkerchief and passed slowly across and around the dial
of the watch, after which he held the rod close to the glycerine on slide No.
1 and tapped it sharply with the blade of his pocket-knife. Then he dropped
a cover-glass on to the glycerine and made a rapid inspection of the
specimen through the microscope.
This operation he repeated on the other four watches, using a fresh rod
for each, and when he had finished he turned to the open-mouthed officer.
“I take it,” said he, “that the watch which has the chain attached to it is Mr.
Harewood’s watch?”
“Yes, sir. That helped us to identify it.”
Thorndyke looked at the watch reflectively. Attached to the bow by a
short length of green tape was a small, rather elaborate key. This my friend
picked up, and taking a fresh mounted needle, inserted it into the barrel of
the key, from which he then withdrew it with a tiny ball of fluff on its point.
I hastily prepared a slide and handed it to him, when, with a pair of
dissecting scissors, he cut off a piece of the fluff and let it fall into the
glycerine. He repeated this manœuvre with two more slides and then

labelled the three, “Key, outside,” “middle” and “inside,” and in that order
examined them under the microscope.
My own examination of the specimens yielded very little. They all
seemed to be common dust, though that from the face of watch No. 3
contained a few broken fragments of what looked like animal hairs—
possibly cat’s—as also did the key-fluff marked “outside.” But if this had
any significance, I could not guess what it was. As to the Chief Constable,
he clearly looked on the whole proceeding as a sort of legerdemain with no
obvious purpose, for he remarked, as we were packing up to go, “I am glad
I’ve seen how you do it, sir. But all the same, I think you are flogging a
dead horse. We know who committed the crime and we know he’s beyond
the reach of the law.”
“Well,” said Thorndyke, “one must earn one’s fee, you know. I shall put
Fletcher’s boots and the five watches in evidence at the inquest to-morrow,
and I will ask you to leave the labels on the watches.”
With renewed thanks and a hearty handshake he bade the courteous
officer adieu, and we rode off to catch the train to London.
That evening, after dinner, we brought out the specimens and went over
them at our leisure; and Thorndyke added a further specimen by drawing a
knotted piece of twine through the cigarette-holder that he had salved from
the chalk-pit, and teasing out the unsavoury, black substance that came out
on the string in glycerine on a slide. When he had examined it, he passed it
to me. The dark, tarry liquid somewhat obscured the detail, but I could
make out fragments of the same animal hairs that I had noted in the other
specimens, only here they were much more numerous. I mentioned my
observation to Thorndyke. “They are certainly parts of mammalian hairs,” I
said, “and they look like the hairs of a cat. Are they from a cat?”
“Rabbit,” Thorndyke replied curtly; and even then, I am ashamed to
admit, I did not perceive the drift of the investigation.

The room in the Welsbury Town Hall had filled up some minutes before
the time fixed for the opening of the inquest, and in the interval, when the
jury had retired to view the body in the adjacent mortuary, I looked round
the assembly. Mr. Marchmont and Mr. Crowhurst were present, and a
youngish, horsey-looking man in cord breeches and leggings, whom I
correctly guessed to be Arthur Baxfield. Our friend the Chief Constable of

Barwood was also there, and with him Thorndyke exchanged a few words
in a retired corner. The rest of the company were strangers.
As soon as the coroner and the jury had taken their places the medical
witness was called. The cause of death, he stated, was dislocation of the
neck, accompanied by a depressed fracture of the skull. The fracture might
have been produced by a blow with a heavy, blunt weapon, or by the
deceased falling on his head. The witness adopted the latter view, as the
dislocation showed that deceased had fallen in that manner.
The next witness was Mr. Crowhurst, who repeated to the Court what he
had told us, and further stated that on leaving deceased’s house he went
straight home, as he had an appointment with a friend. He was followed by
Baxfield, who gave evidence to the same effect, and stated that on leaving
the house of deceased he went to his place of business at Welsbury. He was
about to retire when Thorndyke rose to cross-examine.
“At what time did you reach your place of business?” he asked.
The witness hesitated for a few moments and then replied, “Half-past
four.”
“And what time did you leave deceased’s house?”
“Two o’clock,” was the reply.
“What is the distance?”
“In a direct line, about two miles. But I didn’t go direct. I took a round in
the country by Lenfield.”
“That would take you near the race-course on the way back. Did you go
to the races?”
“No. The races were just over when I returned.”
There was a slight pause and then Thorndyke asked, “Do you smoke
much, Mr. Baxfield?”
The witness looked surprised, and so did the jury, but the former replied,
“A fair amount. About fifteen cigarettes a day.”
“What brand of cigarettes do you smoke, and what kind of tobacco is it?”
“I make my own cigarettes. I make them of shag.”
Here protesting murmurs arose from the jury, and the coroner remarked
stiffly, “These questions do not appear to have much connection with the
subject of this inquiry.”
“You may take it, sir,” replied Thorndyke, “that they have a very direct
bearing on it.” Then, turning to the witness he asked, “Do you use a
cigarette-tube?”

“Sometimes I do,” was the reply.
“Have you lost a cigarette-tube lately?”
The witness directed a startled glance at Thorndyke and replied after
some hesitation, “I believe I mislaid one a little time ago.”
“When and where did you lose that tube?” Thorndyke asked.
“I—I really couldn’t say,” replied Baxfield, turning perceptibly pale.
Thorndyke opened his dispatch box, and taking out the tube that he had
salved at so much risk, handed it to the witness. “Is that the tube that you
lost?” he asked.
At this question Baxfield turned pale as death, and the hand in which he
received the tube shook as if with a palsy. “It may be,” he faltered. “I
wouldn’t swear to it. It is like the one I lost.”
Thorndyke took it from him and passed it to the coroner. “I am putting
this tube in evidence, sir,” said he. Then, addressing the witness, he said,
“You stated that you did not go to the races. Did you go on the course or
inside the grounds at all?”
Baxfield moistened his lips and replied, “I just went in for a minute or
two, but I didn’t stay. The races were over, and there was a very rough
crowd.”
“While you were in that crowd, Mr. Baxfield, did you have your pocket
picked?”
There was an expectant silence in the Court as Baxfield replied in a low
voice:
“Yes. I lost my watch.”
Again Thorndyke opened the dispatch box, and taking out a watch (it was
the one that had been labelled 3), handed it to the witness. “Is that the watch
that you lost?” he asked.
Baxfield held the watch in his trembling hand and replied hesitatingly, “I
believe it is, but I won’t swear to it.”
There was a pause. Then, in grave, impressive tones, Thorndyke said,
“Now, Mr. Baxfield, I am going to ask you a question which you need not
answer if you consider that by doing so you would prejudice your position
in any way. That question is, When your pocket was picked, were any
articles besides this watch taken from your person? Don’t hurry. Consider
your answer carefully.”
For some moments Baxfield remained silent, regarding Thorndyke with a
wild, affrighted stare. At length he began falteringly, “I don’t remember

missing anything——” and then stopped.
“Could the witness be allowed to sit down, sir?” Thorndyke asked. And
when the permission had been given and a chair placed, Baxfield sat down
heavily and cast a bewildered glance round the Court. “I think,” he said,
addressing Thorndyke, “I had better tell you exactly what happened and
take my chance of the consequences. When I left my uncle’s house on
Monday, I took a circuit through the fields and then entered Gilbert’s Copse
to wait for my uncle and tell him what I thought of his conduct in leaving
the bulk of his property to a stranger. I struck the path that I knew my uncle
would take and walked along it slowly to meet him. I did meet him—on the
path, just above where he was found—and I began to say what was in my
mind. But he wouldn’t listen. He flew into a rage, and as I was standing in
the middle of the path, he tried to push past me. In doing so he caught his
foot in a bramble and staggered back, then he disappeared through the
bushes and a few seconds after I heard a thud down below. I pulled the
bushes aside and looked down into the chalk-pit, and there I saw him lying
with his head all on one side. Now, I happened to know of a short cut down
into the pit. It was rather a dangerous climb, but I took it to get down as
quickly as possible. It was there that I dropped the cigarette-tube. When I
got to my uncle I could see that he was dead. His skull was battered and his
neck was broken. Then the devil put into my head the idea of making away
with the will. But I knew that if I took the will only, suspicion would fall on
me. So I took most of his valuables—the wallet, his watch and chain, his
purse and his ring. The purse I emptied and threw away, and flung the ring
after it. I took the will out of the wallet—it had just been dropped in loose
—and put it in an inner pocket. Then I dropped the wallet and the watch and
chain into my outside coat pocket.
“I struck across country, intending to make for the race-course and drop
the things among the crowd, so that they might be picked up and safely
carried away. But when I got there a gang of pickpockets saved me the
trouble; they mobbed and hustled me and cleared my pockets of everything
but my keys and the will.”
“And what has become of the will?” asked Thorndyke.
“I have it here.” He dipped into his breast pocket and produced a folded
paper, which he handed to Thorndyke, who opened it, and having glanced at
it, passed it to the coroner.

That was practically the end of the inquest. The jury decided to accept
Baxfield’s statement and recorded a verdict of “Death by Misadventure,”
leaving Baxfield to be dealt with by the proper authorities.

“An interesting and eminently satisfactory case,” remarked Thorndyke,
as we sat over a rather late dinner. “Essentially simple, too. The elucidation
turned, as you probably noticed, on a single illuminating fact.”
“I judged that it was so,” said I, “though the illumination of that fact has
not yet reached me.”
“Well,” said Thorndyke, “let us first take the general aspect of the case as
it was presented by Marchmont. The first thing, of course, that struck one
was that the loss of the will might easily have converted Baxfield from a
minor beneficiary to the sole heir. But even if the Court agreed to recognize
the will, it would have to be guided by the statements of the only two men
to whom its provisions were even approximately known, and Baxfield
could have made any statement he pleased. It was impossible to ignore the
fact that the loss of the will was very greatly to Baxfield’s advantage.
“When the stolen property was discovered in Fletcher’s possession it
looked, at the first glance, as if the mystery of the crime was solved. But
there were several serious inconsistencies. First, how came Fletcher to be in
this solitary wood, remote from any railway or even road? He appeared to
be a London pickpocket. When he was killed he was travelling to London
by train. It seemed probable that he had come from London by train to ply
his trade at the races. Then, as you know, criminological experience shows
that the habitual criminal is a rigid specialist. The burglar, the coiner, the
pickpocket, each keeps strictly to his own special line. Now, Fletcher was a
pickpocket, and had evidently been picking pockets on the race-course. The
probabilities were against his being the original robber and in favour of his
having picked the pocket of the person who robbed Harewood. But if this
were so, who was that person? Once more the probabilities suggested
Baxfield. There was the motive, as I have said, and further, the pocket-
picking had apparently taken place on the race-course, and Baxfield was
known to be a frequenter of race-courses. But again, if Baxfield were the
person robbed by Fletcher, then one of the five watches was probably
Baxfield’s watch. Whether it was so or not might have been very difficult to
prove, but here came in the single illuminating fact that I have spoken of.

“You remember that when Marchmont opened the case he mentioned that
Baxfield was a manufacturer of felt hats, and Crowhurst told us that he was
a sort of foreman or manager of the factory.”
“Yes, I remember, now you speak of it. But what is the bearing of the
fact?”
“My dear Jervis!” exclaimed Thorndyke. “Don’t you see that it gave us a
touchstone? Consider, now. What is a felt hat? It is just a mass of
agglutinated rabbits’ hair. The process of manufacture consists in blowing a
jet of the more or less disintegrated hair on to a revolving steel cone which
is moistened by a spray of an alcoholic solution of shellac. But, of course, a
quantity of the finer and more minute particles of the broken hairs miss the
cone and float about in the air. The air of the factory is thus charged with
the dust of broken rabbit hairs; and this dust settles on and penetrates the
clothing of the workers. But when clothing becomes charged with dust, that
dust tends to accumulate in the pockets and find its way into the hollows
and interstices of any objects carried in those pockets. Thus, if one of the
five watches was Baxfield’s it would almost certainly show traces where
this characteristic dust had crept under the bezel and settled on the dial. And
so it turned out to be. When I inspected those five watches through the
Coddington lens, on the dial of No. 3 I saw a quantity of dust of this
character. The electrified vulcanite rod picked it all up neatly and
transferred it to the slide, and under the microscope its nature was obvious.
The owner of this watch was therefore, almost certainly, employed in a felt
hat factory. But, of course, it was necessary to show not only the presence
of rabbit hair in this watch, but its absence in the others and in Fletcher’s
pockets, which I did.
“Then with regard to Harewood’s watch. There was no rabbit hair on the
dial, but there was a small quantity on the fluff from the key barrel. Now, if
that rabbit-hair had come from Harewood’s pocket it would have been
uniformly distributed through the fluff. But it was not. It was confined
exclusively to the part of the fluff that was exposed. Thus it had come from
some pocket other than Harewood’s, and the owner of that pocket was
almost certainly employed in a felt hat factory, and was most probably the
owner of watch No. 3.
“Then there was the cigarette-tube. Its bore was loaded with rabbit hair.
But its owner had unquestionably been at the scene of the crime. There was
a clear suggestion that his was the pocket in which the stolen watch had

been carried and that he was the owner of watch No. 3. The problem was to
piece this evidence together and prove definitely who this person was. And
that I was able to do by means of a fresh item of evidence, which I acquired
when I saw Baxfield at the inquest. I suppose you noticed his boots?”
“I am afraid I didn’t,” I had to admit.
“Well, I did. I watched his feet constantly, and when he crossed his legs I
could see that he had iron toe-tips on his boots. That was what gave me
confidence to push the cross-examination.”
“It was certainly a rather daring cross-examination—and rather irregular,
too,” said I.
“It was extremely irregular,” Thorndyke agreed. “The coroner ought not
to have permitted it. But it was all for the best. If the coroner had
disallowed my questions we should have had to take criminal proceedings
against Baxfield, whereas now that we have recovered the will, it is
possible that no one will trouble to prosecute him.”
Which, I subsequently ascertained, is what actually happened.

V.
A FISHER OF MEN

“The man,” observed Thorndyke, “who would successfully practice the
scientific detection of crime must take all knowledge for his province.
There is no single fact which may not, in particular circumstances, acquire a
high degree of evidential value; and in such circumstances, success or
failure is determined by the possession or non-possession of the knowledge
wherewith to interpret the significance of that fact.”
This obiter dictum was thrown off apropos of our investigation of the
case rather magniloquently referred to in the press as “The Blue Diamond
Mystery”; and more particularly of an incident which occurred in the office
of our old friend, Superintendent Miller, at Scotland Yard. Thorndyke had
called to verify the few facts which had been communicated to him, and
having put away his notebook and picked up his green canvas-covered
research case, had risen to take his leave, when his glance fell on a couple
of objects on a side-table—a leather handbag and a walking-stick, lashed
together with string, to which was attached a descriptive label.
He regarded them for a few moments reflectively and then glanced at the
Superintendent.
“Derelicts?” he inquired, “or jetsam?”
“Jetsam,” the Superintendent replied, “literally jetsam—thrown
overboard to lighten the ship.”
Here Inspector Badger, who had been a party to the conference, looked
up eagerly.
“Yes,” he broke in. “Perhaps the doctor wouldn’t mind having a look at
them. It’s quite a nice little problem, Doctor, and entirely in your line.”
“What is the problem?” asked Thorndyke.
“It’s just this,” said Badger. “Here is a bag. Now the question is, Whose
bag is it? What sort of person is the owner? Where did he come from and
where has he gone to?”
Thorndyke chuckled. “That seems quite simple,” said he. “A cursory
inspection ought to dispose of trivial details like those. But how did you

come by the bag?”
“The history of the derelicts,” said Miller, “is this: About four o’clock
this morning, a constable on duty in King’s Road, Chelsea, saw a man
walking on the opposite side of the road, carrying a hand-bag. There was
nothing particularly suspicious in this, but still the constable thought he
would cross and have a closer look at him. As he did so the man quickened
his pace and, of course, the constable quickened his. Then the man broke
into a run, and so did the constable, and a fine, stern chase started. Suddenly
the man shot down a by-street, and as the constable turned the corner he
saw his quarry turn into a sort of alley. Following him into this, and gaining
on him perceptibly, he saw that the alley ended in a rather high wall. When
the fugitive reached the wall he dropped his bag and stick and went over
like a harlequin. The constable went over after him, but not like a harlequin
—he wasn’t dressed for the part. By the time he got over, into a large
garden with a lot of fruit trees in it, my nabs had disappeared. He traced him
by his footprints across the garden to another wall, and when he climbed
over that he found himself in another by-street. But there was no sign of our
agile friend. The constable ran up and down the street to the next crossings,
blowing his whistle, but of course it was no go. So he went back across the
garden and secured the bag and stick, which were at once sent here for
examination.”
“And no arrest has been made?”
“Well,” replied Miller with a faint grin, “a constable in Oakley Street
who had heard the whistle arrested a man who was carrying a suspicious-
looking object. But he turned out to be a cornet player coming home from
the theatre.”
“Good,” said Thorndyke. “And now let us have a look at the bag, which I
take it has already been examined?”
“Yes, we’ve been through it,” replied Miller, “but everything has been
put back as we found it.”
Thorndyke picked up the bag and proceeded to make a systematic
inspection of its exterior.
“A good bag,” he commented; “quite an expensive one originally, though
it has seen a good deal of service. You noticed the muddy marks on the
bottom?”
“Yes,” said Miller. “Those were probably made when he dropped the bag
to jump over the wall.”

“Possibly,” said Thorndyke, “though they don’t look like street mud. But
we shall probably get more information from the contents.” He opened the
bag, and after a glance at its interior, spread out on the table a couple of
sheets of foolscap from the stationery rack, on which he began methodically
to deposit the contents of the bag, accompanying the process with a sort of
running commentary on their obvious characteristics.
“Item one: a small leather dressing wallet. Rather shabby, but originally
of excellent quality. It contains two Swedish razors, a little Washita hone, a
diminutive strop, a folding shaving-brush, which is slightly damp to the
fingers and has a scent similar to that of the stick of shaving soap. You
notice that the hone is distinctly concave in the middle and that the
inscription on the razors, ‘Arensburg, Eskilstuna, Sweden,’ is partly ground
away. Then there is a box containing a very dry cake of soap, a little
manicure set, a well-worn toothbrush, a nailbrush, dental-brush, button-
hook, corn-razor, a small clothes-brush and a pair of small hairbrushes. It
seems to me, Badger, that this wallet suggests—mind, I only say
‘suggests’—a pretty complete answer to one of your questions.”
“I don’t see how,” said the Inspector. “Tell us what it suggests to you.”
“It suggests to me,” replied Thorndyke, laying down the lens through
which he had been inspecting the hairbrushes, “a middle-aged or elderly
man with a shaven upper lip and a beard; a well-preserved, healthy man,
neat, orderly, provident and careful as to his appearance; a man long
habituated to travelling, and—though I don’t insist on this, but the
appearances suggest that he had been living for some time in a particular
household, and that at the time when he lost the bag, he was changing his
residence.”
“He was that,” cackled the Inspector, “if the constable’s account of the
way he went over that wall is to be trusted. But still, I don’t see how you
have arrived at all those facts.”
“Not facts, Badger,” Thorndyke corrected. “I said suggestions. And those
suggestions may be quite misleading. There may be some factor, such as
change of ownership of the wallet, which we have not allowed for. But,
taking the appearances at their face value, that is what they suggest. There
is the wallet itself, for instance—strong, durable, but shabby with years of
wear. And observe that it is a travelling wallet and would be subjected to
wear only during travel. Then further, as to the time factor, there are the
hone and the razors. It takes a good many years to wear a Washita hone

hollow or to wear away the blade of a Swedish razor until the maker’s mark
is encroached on. The state of health, and to some extent the age, are
suggested by the toothbrush and the dental-brush. He has lost some teeth,
since he wears a plate, but not many; and he is free from pyorrhea and
alveolar absorption. You don’t wear a toothbrush down like this on half a
dozen rickety survivors. But a man whose teeth will bear hard brushing is
probably well-preserved and healthy.”
“You say that he shaves his upper lip but wears a beard,” said the
Inspector. “How do you arrive at that?”
“It is fairly obvious,” replied Thorndyke. “We see that he has razors and
uses them, and we also see that he has a beard.”
“Do we?” exclaimed Badger. “How do we?”
Thorndyke delicately picked a hair from one of the hairbrushes and held
it up. “That is not a scalp hair,” said he. “I should say that it came from the
side of the chin.”
Badger regarded the hair with evident disfavour. “Looks to me,” he
remarked, “as if a small-tooth comb might have been useful.”
“It does,” Thorndyke agreed, “but the appearance is deceptive. This is
what is called a moniliform hair—like a string of beads. But the bead-like
swellings are really parts of the hair. It is a diseased, or perhaps we should
say an abnormal, condition.” He handed me the hair together with his lens,
through which I examined it and easily recognized the characteristic
swellings.
“Yes,” said I, “it is an early case of trichorrexis nodosa.”
“Good Lord!” murmured the Inspector. “Sounds like a Russian
nobleman. Is it a common complaint?”
“It is not a rare disease—if you can call it a disease,” I replied, “but it is a
rare condition, taking the population as a whole.”
“It is rather a remarkable coincidence that it should happen to occur in
this particular case,” the Superintendent observed.
“My dear Miller,” exclaimed Thorndyke, “surely your experience must
have impressed on you the astonishing frequency of the unusual and the
utter failure of the mathematical laws of probability in practice. Believe me,
Miller, the Bread-and-butterfly was right. It is the exceptional that always
happens.”
Having discharged this paradox, he once more dived into the bag, and
this time handed out a singular and rather unsavoury-looking parcel, the

outer investment of which was formed by what looked like an excessively
dirty towel, but which, as Thorndyke delicately unrolled it, was seen to be
only half a towel which was supplemented by a still dirtier and excessively
ragged coloured handkerchief. This, too, being opened out, disclosed an
extremely soiled and frayed collar (which, like the other articles, bore no
name or mark), and a mass of grass, evidently used as packing material.
The Inspector picked up the collar and quoted reflectively, “He is a man,
neat, orderly and careful as to his appearance,” after which he dropped the
collar and ostentatiously wiped his fingers.
Thorndyke smiled grimly but refrained from repartee as he carefully
separated the grass from the contained objects, which turned out to be a
small telescopic jemmy, a jointed auger, a screwdriver and a bunch of
skeleton keys.
“One understands his unwillingness to encounter the constable with these
rather significant objects in his possession,” Thorndyke remarked. “They
would have been difficult to explain away.” He took up the heap of grass
between his hands and gently compressed it to test its freshness. As he did
so a tiny, cigar-shaped object dropped on the paper.
“What is that?” asked the Superintendent. “It looks like a chrysalis.”
“It isn’t,” said Thorndyke. “It is a shell, a species of Clausilia, I think.”
He picked up the little shell and closely examined its mouth through his
lens. “Yes,” he continued, “it is a Clausilia. Do you study our British
mollusca, Badger?”
“No, I don’t,” the Inspector replied with emphasis.
“Pity,” murmured Thorndyke. “If you did, you would be interested to
learn that the name of this little shell is Clausilia biplicata.”
“I don’t care what its beastly name is,” said Badger. “I want to know
whose bag this is; what the owner is like; and where he came from and
where he has gone to. Can you tell us that?”
Thorndyke regarded the Inspector with wooden gravity. “It is all very
obvious,” said he, “very obvious. But still, I think I should like to fill in a
few details before making a definite statement. Yes, I think I will reserve
my judgment until I have considered the matter a little further.”
The Inspector received this statement with a dubious grin. He was in
somewhat of a dilemma. My colleague was addicted to a certain dry
facetiousness, and was probably “pulling” the Inspector’s “leg.” But, on the
other hand, I knew, and so did both the detectives, that it was perfectly

conceivable that he had actually solved Badger’s problem, impossible as it
seemed, and was holding back his knowledge until he had seen whither it
led.
“Shall we take a glance at the stick?” said he, picking it up as he spoke
and running his eye over its not very distinctive features. It was a common
ash stick, with a crooked handle polished and darkened by prolonged
contact with an apparently ungloved hand, and it was smeared for about
three inches from the tip with a yellowish mud. The iron shoe of the ferrule
was completely worn away and the deficiency had been made good by
driving a steel boot-stud into the exposed end.
“A thrifty gentleman, this,” Thorndyke remarked, pointing to the stud as
he measured the diameter of the ferrule with his pocket calliper-gauge.
“Twenty-three thirty-seconds is the diameter,” he added, looking gravely at
the Inspector. “You had better make a note of that, Badger.”
The Inspector smiled sourly as Thorndyke laid down the stick, and once
more picking up the little green canvas case that contained his research
outfit, prepared to depart.
“You will hear from us, Miller,” he said, “if we pick up anything that will
be useful to you. And now, Jervis, we must really take ourselves off.”
As the tinkling hansom bore us down Whitehall towards Waterloo, I
remarked, “Badger half suspects you of having withheld from him some
valuable information in respect of that bag.”
“He does,” Thorndyke agreed with a mischievous smile; “and he doesn’t
in the least suspect me of having given him a most illuminating hint.”
“But did you?” I asked, rapidly reviewing the conversation and deciding
that the facts elicited from the dressing wallet could hardly be described as
hints.
“My learned friend,” he replied, “is pleased to counterfeit obtuseness. It
won’t do, Jervis. I’ve known you too long.”
I grinned with vexation. Evidently I had missed the point of a subtle
demonstration, and I knew that it was useless to ask further questions; and
for the remainder of our journey in the cab I struggled vainly to recover the
“illuminating hint” that the detectives—and I—had failed to note. Indeed,
so preoccupied was I with this problem that I rather overlooked the fact that
the jettisoned bag was really no concern of ours, and that we were actually
engaged in the investigation of a crime of which, at present, I knew
practically nothing. It was not until we had secured an empty compartment

and the train had begun to move that this suddenly dawned on me;
whereupon I dismissed the bag problem and applied to Thorndyke for
details of the “Brentford Train Mystery.”
“To call it a mystery,” said he, “is a misuse of words. It appears to be a
simple train robbery. The identity of the robber is unknown, but there is
nothing very mysterious in that; and the crime otherwise is quite
commonplace. The circumstances are these: Some time ago, Mr. Lionel
Montague, of the firm, Lyons, Montague & Salaman, art dealers, bought
from a Russian nobleman a very valuable diamond necklace and pendant.
The peculiarity of this necklace was that the stones were all of a pale blue
colour and pretty accurately matched, so that in addition to the aggregate
value of the stones—which were all of large size and some very large—
there was the value of the piece as a whole due to this uniformity of colour.
Mr. Montague gave £70,000 for it, and considered that he had made an
excellent bargain. I should mention that Montague was the chief buyer for
the firm, and that he spent most of his time travelling about the Continent in
search of works of art and other objects suitable for the purposes of his
firm, and that, naturally, he was an excellent judge of such things. Now, it
seems that he was not satisfied with the settings of this necklace, and as
soon as he had purchased it he handed it over to Messrs. Binks, of Old
Bond Street, to have the settings replaced by others of better design.
Yesterday morning he was notified by Binks that the resetting was
completed, and in the afternoon he called to inspect the work and take the
necklace away if it was satisfactory. The interview between Binks and
Montague took place in a room behind the shop, but it appears that
Montague came out into the shop to get a better light for his inspection; and
Mr. Binks states that as his customer stood facing the door, examining the
new settings, he, Binks, noticed a man standing by the doorway furtively
watching Mr. Montague.”
“There is nothing very remarkable in that,” said I. “If a man stands at a
shop door with a necklace of blue diamonds in his hand, he is rather likely
to attract attention.”
“Yes,” Thorndyke agreed. “But the significance of an antecedent is apt to
be more appreciated after the consequences have developed. Binks is now
very emphatic about the furtive watcher. However, to continue: Mr.
Montague, being satisfied with the new settings, replaced the necklace in its
case, put the latter into his bag—which he had brought with him from the

inner room—and a minute or so later left the shop. That was about 5 p.m.;
and he seems to have gone direct to the flat of his partner, Mr. Salaman,
with whom he had been staying for a fortnight, at Queen’s Gate. There he
remained until about half-past eight, when he came out accompanied by Mr.
Salaman. The latter carried a small suit-case, while Montague carried a
handbag in which was the necklace. It is not known whether it contained
anything else.
“From Queen’s Gate the two men proceeded to Waterloo, walking part of
the way and covering the remainder by omnibus.”
“By omnibus!” I exclaimed, “with seventy thousand pounds worth of
diamonds about them!”
“Yes, it sounds odd. But people who habitually handle portable property
of great value seem to resemble those who habitually handle explosives.
They gradually become unconscious of the risks. At any rate, that is how
they went, and they arrived safely at Waterloo in time to catch the 9.15 train
for Isleworth. Mr. Salaman saw his partner established in an empty first-
class compartment and stayed with him, chatting, until the train started.
“Mr. Montague’s destination was Isleworth, in which rather unlikely
neighbourhood Mr. Jacob Lowenstein, late of Chicago, and now Berkeley
Square, has a sort of river-side villa with a motor boat-house attached.
Lowenstein had secured the option of purchasing the blue diamond
necklace, and Montague was taking it down to exhibit it and carry out the
deal. He was proposing to stay a few days with Lowenstein, and then he
was proceeding to Brussels on one of his periodic tours. But he never
reached Isleworth. When the train stopped at Brentford, a porter noticed a
suit-case on the luggage-rack of an apparently empty first-class
compartment. He immediately entered to take possession of it, and was in
the act of reaching up to the rack when his foot came in contact with
something soft under the seat. Considerably startled, he stooped and peered
under, when, to his horror, he perceived the body of a man, quite motionless
and apparently dead. Instantly he darted out and rushed up the platform in a
state of wild panic until he, fortunately, ran against the station master, with
whom and another porter he returned to the compartment. When they drew
the body out from under the seat it was found to be still breathing, and they
proceeded at once to apply such restoratives as cold water and fresh air,
pending the arrival of the police and the doctor, who had been sent for.

“In a few minutes the police arrived accompanied by the police surgeon,
and the latter, after a brief examination, decided that the unconscious man
was suffering from the effects of a large dose of chloroform, violently and
unskilfully administered, and ordered him to be carefully removed to a local
nursing home. Meanwhile, the police had been able, by inspecting the
contents of his pockets, to identify him as Mr. Lionel Montague.”
“The diamonds had vanished, of course?” said I.
“Yes. The handbag was not in the compartment, and later an empty
handbag was picked up on the permanent way between Barnes and
Chiswick, which seems to indicate the locality where the robbery took
place.”
“And what is our present objective?”
“We are going, on instructions from Mr. Salaman, to the nursing home to
see what information we can pick up. If Montague has recovered
sufficiently to give an account of the robbery, the police will have a
description of the robber, and there may not be much for us to do. But you
will have noticed that they do not seem to have any information at Scotland
Yard at present, beyond what I have given you. So there is a chance yet that
we may earn our fees.”
Thorndyke’s narrative of this somewhat commonplace crime, with the
discussion which followed it, occupied us until the train stopped at
Brentford Station. A few minutes later we halted in one of the quiet by-
streets of this old-world town, at a soberly painted door on which was a
brass plate inscribed “St. Agnes Nursing Home.” Our arrival had apparently
been observed, for the door was opened by a middle-aged lady in a nurse’s
uniform.
“Dr. Thorndyke?” she inquired; and as my colleague bowed assent she
continued: “Mr. Salaman told me you would probably call. I am afraid I
haven’t very good news for you. The patient is still quite unconscious.”
“That is rather remarkable,” said Thorndyke.
“It is. Dr. Kingston, who is in charge of the case, is somewhat puzzled by
this prolonged stupor. He is inclined to suspect a narcotic—possibly a large
dose of morphine—in addition to the effects of the chloroform and the
shock.”
“He is probably right,” said I; “and the marvel is that the man is alive at
all after such outrageous treatment.”

“Yes,” Thorndyke agreed. “He must be pretty tough. Shall we be able to
see him?”
“Oh, yes,” the matron replied. “I am instructed to give you every
assistance. Dr. Kingston would like to have your opinion on the case.”
With this she conducted us to a pleasant room on the first floor where, in
a bed placed opposite a large window—purposely left uncurtained—with
the strong light falling full on his face, a man lay with closed eyes,
breathing quietly and showing no sign of consciousness when we somewhat
noisily entered the room. For some time Thorndyke stood by the bedside,
looking down at the unconscious man, listening to the breathing and noting
its frequency by his watch. Then he felt the pulse, and raising both eyelids,
compared the two pupils.
“His condition doesn’t appear alarming,” was his conclusion. “The
breathing is rather shallow, but it is quite regular, and the pulse is not bad
though slow. The contracted pupils strongly suggest opium, or more
probably morphine. But that could easily be settled by a chemical test. Do
you notice the state of the face, Jervis?”
“You mean the chloroform burns? Yes, the handkerchief or pad must
have been saturated. But I was also noticing that he corresponds quite
remarkably with the description you were giving Badger of the owner of the
dressing wallet. He is about the age you mentioned—roughly about fifty—
and he has the same old-fashioned treatment of the beard, the shaven upper
lip and the monkey-fringe under the chin. It is rather an odd coincidence.”
Thorndyke looked at me keenly. “The coincidence is closer than that,
Jervis. Look at the beard itself.”
He handed me his lens, and, stooping down, I brought it to bear on the
patient’s beard. And then I started back in astonishment; for by the bright
light I could see plainly that a considerable proportion of the hairs were
distinctly moniliform. This man’s beard, too, was affected by an early stage
of trichorrexis nodosa!
“Well!” I exclaimed, “this is really an amazing coincidence. I wonder if it
is anything more.”
“I wonder,” said Thorndyke. “Are those Mr. Montague’s things,
Matron?”
“Yes,” she replied, turning to the side table on which the patient’s effects
were neatly arranged. “Those are his clothes and the things which were

taken from his pockets, and that is his bag. It was found on the line and sent
on here a couple of hours ago. There is nothing in it.”
Thorndyke looked over the various objects—keys, card-case, pocket-
book, etc.—that had been turned out of the patient’s pockets, and then
picked up the bag, which he turned over curiously and then opened to
inspect the interior. There was nothing distinctive about it. It was just a
plain, imitation leather bag, fairly new, though rather the worse for its late
vicissitudes, lined with coarse linen to which two large, wash-leather
pockets had been roughly stitched. As he laid the bag down and picked up
his own canvas case, he asked: “What time did Mr. Salaman come to see
the patient?”
“He came here about ten o’clock this morning, and he was not able to
stay more than half an hour as he had an appointment. But he said he would
look in again this evening. You can’t stay to see him, I suppose?”
“I’m afraid not,” Thorndyke replied; “in fact, we must be off now for
both Dr. Jervis and I have some other matters to attend to.”
“Are you going straight back to the chambers, Jervis?” Thorndyke asked,
as we walked down the main street towards the station.
“Yes,” I replied in some surprise. “Aren’t you?”
“No. I have a little expedition in view.”
“Oh, have you?” I exclaimed, and as I spoke it began to dawn on me that
I had overestimated the importance of my other business.
“Yes,” said Thorndyke; “the fact is that—ha! excuse me one moment,
Jervis.” He had halted abruptly outside a fishing tackle shop and now, after
a brief glance in through the window, entered with an air of business. I
immediately bolted in after him, and was just in time to hear him demand a
fishing rod of a light and inexpensive character. When this had been
supplied he asked for a line and one or two hooks; and I was a little
surprised—and the vendor was positively scandalized—at his indifference
to the quality or character of these appliances. I believe he would have
accepted cod-line and a shark-hook if they had been offered.
“And now I want a float,” said he.
The shopkeeper produced a tray containing a varied assortment of floats
over which Thorndyke ran a critical eye, and finally reduced the shopman
to stupefaction by selecting a gigantic, pot-bellied, scarlet-and-green
atrocity that looked like a juvenile telegraph buoy.

I could not let this outrage pass without comment. “You must excuse me,
Thorndyke,” I said, “if I venture to point out that the Greenland whale no
longer frequents the upper reaches of the Thames.”
“You mind your own business,” he retorted, stolidly pocketing the
telegraph buoy when he had paid for his purchases. “I like a float that you
can see.”
Here the shopman, recovering somewhat from the shock of surprise,
remarked deferentially that it was a long time since a really large pike had
been caught in the neighbourhood; whereupon Thorndyke finished him off
by replying: “Yes, I’ve no doubt. They don’t use the right sort of floats, you
know. Now, when the pike see my float, they will just come tumbling over
one another to get on the hook.” With this he tucked the rod under his arm
and strolled out, leaving the shopman breathing hard and staring harder.
“But what on earth,” I asked, as we walked down the street (watched by
the shopman, who had come out on the pavement to see the last of us), “do
you want with such an enormous float? Why, it will be visible a quarter of a
mile away.”
“Exactly,” said Thorndyke. “And what more could a fisher of men
require?”
This rejoinder gave me pause. Evidently Thorndyke had something in
hand of more than common interest; and again it occurred to me that my
own business engagements were of no special urgency. I was about to
mention this fact when Thorndyke again halted—at an oilshop this time.
“I think I will step in here and get a little burnt umber,” said he.
I followed him into the shop, and while the powder-colour was being
weighed and made up into a little packet I reflected profoundly. Fishing
tackle and burnt umber had no obvious associations. I began to be mystified
and correspondingly inquisitive.
“What do you want the burnt umber for?” I asked as soon as we were
outside.
“To mix with plaster,” he replied readily.
“But why do you want to colour the plaster? And what are you going to
do with it?”
“Now, Jervis,” he admonished with mock severity, “you are not doing
yourself justice. An investigator of your experience shouldn’t ask for
explanations of the obvious.”

“And why,” I continued, “did you want to know if I was going straight
back to the chambers?”
“Because I may want some assistance later. Probably Polton will be able
to do all that I want, but I wished to know that you would both be within
reach of a telegram.”
“But,” I exclaimed, “what nonsense it is to talk of sending a telegram to
me when I’m here!”
“But I may not want any assistance, after all.”
“Well,” I said doggedly, “you are going to have it whether you want it or
not. You’ve got something on and I’m going to be in it.”
“I like your enthusiasm, Jervis,” he chuckled; “but it is quite possible that
I shall merely find a mare’s nest.”
“Very well,” said I. “Then I’ll help you to find it. I’ve had plenty of
experience in that line, to say nothing of my natural gifts. So lead on.”
He led on, with a resigned smile, to the station, where we were fortunate
enough to find a train just ready to start. But our journey was not a long
one, for at Chiswick Thorndyke got out of the train, and on leaving the
station struck out eastward with a very evident air of business. As we
entered the outskirts of Hammersmith he turned into a by-street which
presently brought us out into Bridge Road. Here he turned sharply to the
right and, at the same brisk pace, crossed Hammersmith Bridge and made
his way to the towing path. As he now slowed down perceptibly, I ventured
to inquire whether this was the spot on which he proposed to exhibit his
super-float.
“This, I think, will be our fishing-ground,” he replied; “but we will look
over it carefully and select a suitable pitch.”
He continued to advance at an easy pace, and I noticed that, according to
his constant habit, he was studying the peculiarities of the various feet that
had trodden the path within the last day or two, keeping, for this purpose,
on the right-hand side, where the shade of a few pollard willows
overhanging an indistinct dry ditch had kept the ground soft. We had
walked on for nearly half a mile when he halted and looked round.
“I think we had better turn back a little way,” said he. “We seem to have
overshot our mark.”
I made no comment on this rather mysterious observation, and we
retraced our steps for a couple of hundred yards, Thorndyke still walking on
the side farthest from the river and still keeping his eyes fixed on the

ground. Presently he again halted, and looking up and down the path, of
which we were at the moment the only occupants, placed the canvas case
on the ground and unfastened its clasps.
“This, I think, will be our pitch,” said he.
“What are you going to do?” I asked.
“I am going to make one or two casts. And meanwhile you had better get
the fishing rod fixed together so as to divert the attention of any passers by.”
I proceeded to make ready the fishing tackle, but at the same time kept a
close watch on my colleague’s proceedings. And very curious proceedings
they were. First he dipped up a little water from the river in the rubber
mixing bowl with which he mixed a bowlful of plaster, and into this he
stirred a few pinches of burnt umber, whereby its dazzling white was
changed to a muddy buff. Then, having looked up and down the path, he
stooped and carefully poured the plaster into a couple of impressions of a
walking-stick that were visible at the edge of the path and finished up by
filling a deep impression of the same stick, at the margin of the ditch, where
it had apparently been stuck in the soft, clayey ground.
As I watched this operation, a sudden suspicion flashed into my mind.
Dropping the fishing rod, I walked quickly along the path until I was able to
pick up another impression of the stick. A very brief examination of it
confirmed my suspicion. At the centre of the little shallow pit was a
semicircular impression—clearly that of a half-worn boot-stud.
“Why!” I exclaimed, “this is the stick that we saw at Scotland Yard!”
“I should expect it to be and I believe it is,” said Thorndyke. “But we
shall be better able to judge from the casts. Pick up your rod. There are two
men coming down the path.”
He closed his “research case” and drawing the fishing-line from his
pocket, began meditatively to unwind it.
“I could wish,” said I, “that our appearance was more in character with
the part of the rustic angler; and for the Lord’s sake keep that float out of
sight, or we shall collect a crowd.”
Thorndyke laughed softly. “The float,” said he, “was intended for Polton.
He would have loved it. And the crowd would have been rather an
advantage—as you will appreciate when you come to use it.”
The two men—builder’s labourers, apparently—now passed us with a
glance of faint interest at the fishing-tackle; and as they strolled by, I
appreciated the value of the burnt umber. If the casts had been made of the

snow-white plaster they would have stared conspicuously from the ground
and these men would almost certainly have stopped to examine them and
see what we were doing. But the tinted plaster was practically invisible.
“You are a wonderful man, Thorndyke,” I said, as I announced my
discovery. “You foresee everything.”
He bowed his acknowledgments, and having tenderly felt one of the casts
and ascertained that the plaster had set hard, he lifted it with infinite care,
exhibiting a perfect facsimile of the end of the stick, on which the worn
boot-stud was plainly visible, even to the remains of the pattern. Any doubt
that might have remained as to the identity of the stick was removed when
Thorndyke produced his calliper-gauge.
“Twenty-three thirty-seconds was the diameter, I think,” said he as he
opened the jaws of the gauge and consulted his notes. He placed the cast
between the jaws, and as they were gently slid into contact, the index
marked twenty-three thirty-seconds.
“Good,” said Thorndyke, picking up the other two casts and establishing
their identity with the one which we had examined. “This completes the
first act.” Dropping one cast into his case and throwing the other two into
the river, he continued: “Now we proceed to the next and hope for a like
success. You notice that he stuck his stick into the ground. Why do you
suppose he did that?”
“Presumably to leave his hands free.”
“Yes. And now let us sit down here and consider why he wanted his
hands free. Just look around and tell me what you see.”
I gazed rather hopelessly at the very undistinctive surroundings and
began a bald catalogue. “I see a shabby-looking pollard willow, an
assortment of suburban vegetation, an obsolete tin saucepan—unserviceable
—and a bald spot where somebody seems to have pulled up a small patch
of turf.”
“Yes,” said Thorndyke. “You will also notice a certain amount of dry,
powdered earth distributed rather evenly over the bottom of the ditch. And
your patch of turf was cut round with a large knife before it was pulled up.
Why do you suppose it was pulled up?”
I shook my head. “It’s of no use making mere guesses.”
“Perhaps not,” said he, “though the suggestion is fairly obvious when
considered with the other appearances. Between the roots of the willow you

notice a patch of grass that looks denser than one would expect from its
position. I wonder——”
As he spoke, he reached forward with his stick and prized vigorously at
the edge of the patch, with the result that the clump of grass lifted bodily;
and when I picked it up and tried it on the bald spot, the nicety with which
it fitted left no doubt as to its origin.
“Ha!” I exclaimed, looking at the obviously disturbed earth between the
roots of the willow, which the little patch of turf had covered; “the plot
thickens. Something seems to have been either buried or dug up there; more
probably buried.”
“I hope and believe that my learned friend is correct,” said Thorndyke,
opening his case to abstract a large, powerful spatula.
“What do you expect to find there?” I asked.
“I have a faint hope of finding something wrapped in the half of a very
dirty towel,” was the reply.
“Then you had better find it quickly,” said I, “for there is a man coming
along the path from the Putney direction.”
He looked round at the still distant figure, and driving the spatula into the
loose earth stirred it up vigorously.
“I can feel something,” he said, digging away with powerful thrusts and
scooping the earth out with his hands. Once more he looked round at the
approaching stranger—who seemed now to have quickened his pace but
was still four or five hundred yards distant. Then, thrusting his hands into
the hole, he gave a smart pull. Slowly there came forth a package, about ten
inches by six, enveloped in a portion of a peculiarly filthy towel and loosely
secured with string. Thorndyke rapidly cast off the string and opened out
the towel, disclosing a handsome morocco case with an engraved gold
plate.
I pounced on the case and, pressing the catch, raised the lid; and though I
had expected no less, it was with something like a shock of surprise that I
looked on the glittering row and the dazzling cluster of steely-blue
diamonds.
As I closed the casket and deposited it in the green canvas case,
Thorndyke, after a single glance at the treasure and another along the path,
crammed the towel into the hole and began to sweep the loose earth in on
top of it. The approaching stranger was for the moment hidden from us by a
bend of the path and a near clump of bushes, and Thorndyke was evidently

working to hide all traces before he should appear. Having filled the hole,
he carefully replaced the sod of turf and then, moving over to the little bare
patch from whence the turf had been removed, he began swiftly to dig it up.
“There,” said he, flinging on the path a worm which he had just
disinterred, “that will explain our activities. You had better continue the
excavation with your pocket-knife, and then proceed to the capture of the
leviathans. I must run up to the police station and you must keep possession
of this pitch. Don’t move away from here on any account until I come back
or send somebody to relieve you. I will hand you over the float; you’ll want
that.” With a malicious smile he dropped the gaudy monstrosity on the path
and having wiped the spatula and replaced it in the case, picked up the latter
and moved away towards Putney.
At this moment the stranger reappeared, walking as if for a wager, and I
began to peck up the earth with my pocket-knife.
As the man approached he slowed down by degrees until he came up at
something like a saunter. He was followed at a little distance by Thorndyke,
who had turned as if he had changed his mind, and now passed me with the
remark that “Perhaps Hammersmith would be better.” The stranger cast a
suspicious glance at him and then turned his attention to me.
“Lookin’ for worms?” he inquired, halting and surveying me
inquisitively.
I replied by picking one up (with secret distaste) and holding it aloft, and
he continued, looking wistfully at Thorndyke’s retreating figure:
“Your pal seems to have had enough.”
“He hadn’t got a rod,” said I; “but he’ll be back presently.”
“Ah!” said he, looking steadily over my shoulder in the direction of the
willow. “Well, you won’t do any good here. The place where they rises is a
quarter of a mile farther down—just round the bend there. That’s a prime
pitch. You just come along with me and I’ll show you.”
“I must stay here until my friend comes back,” said I. “But I’ll tell him
what you say.”
With this I seated myself stolidly on the bank and, having flung the
baited hook into the stream, sat and glared fixedly at the preposterous float.
My acquaintance fidgeted about me uneasily, endeavouring from time to
time to lure me away to the “prime pitch” round the bend. And so the time
dragged on until three-quarters of an hour had passed.

Suddenly I observed two taxicabs crossing the bridge, followed by three
cyclists. A minute or two later Thorndyke reappeared, accompanied by two
other men, and then the cyclists came into view, approaching at a rapid
pace.
“Seems to be a regular procession,” my friend remarked, viewing the
new arrivals with evident uneasiness. As he spoke, one of the cyclists halted
and dismounted to examine his tyre, while the other two approached and
shot past us. Then they, too, halted and dismounted, and having deposited
their machines in the ditch, came back towards us. By this time I was able
—with a good deal of surprise—to identify Thorndyke’s two companions as
Inspector Badger and Superintendent Miller. Perhaps my acquaintance also
recognized them, or possibly the proceedings of the third cyclist—who had
also laid down his machine and was approaching on foot—disturbed him.
At any rate he glanced quickly from the one group to the other, and,
selecting the smaller one, sprang suddenly between the two cyclists and
sped away along the path like a hare.
In a moment there was a wild stampede. The three cyclists, remounting
their machines, pedalled furiously after the fugitive, followed by Badger
and Miller on foot. Then the fugitive, the cyclists, and finally the two
officers disappeared round the bend of the path.
“How did you know that he was the man?” I asked, when my colleague
and I were left alone.
“I didn’t, though I had pretty strong grounds for suspicion. But I merely
brought the police to set a watch on the place and arrange an ambush. Their
encircling movement was just an experimental bluff; they might have been
chary of arresting the fellow if he hadn’t taken fright and bolted. We have
been fortunate all round, for, by a lucky chance, Badger and Miller were at
Chiswick making enquiries and I was able to telephone to them to meet me
at the bridge.”
At this moment the procession reappeared, advancing briskly; and my
late adviser marched at the centre securely handcuffed. As he was
conducted past me he glared savagely and made some impolite references
to a “blooming nark.”
“You can take him in one of the taxis,” said Miller, “and put your
bicycles on top.” Then, as the procession moved on towards the bridge he
turned to Thorndyke. “I suppose he’s the right man, Doctor, but he hasn’t
got any of the stuff on him.”

“Of course he hasn’t,” said Thorndyke.
“Well, do you know where it is?”
Thorndyke opened his case and taking out the casket, handed it to the
Superintendent. “I shall want a receipt for it,” said he.
Miller opened the casket, and at the sight of the glittering jewels both the
detectives uttered an exclamation of amazement, and the Superintendent
demanded: “Where did you get this, sir?”
“I dug it up at the foot of that willow.”
“But how did you know it was there?”
“I didn’t,” replied Thorndyke; “but I thought I might as well look, you
know,” and he bestowed a smile of exasperating blandness on the
astonished officer.
The two detectives gazed at Thorndyke, then they looked at one another
and then they looked at me; and Badger observed, with profound
conviction, that it was a “knock-out.” “I believe the doctor keeps a tame
clairvoyant,” he added.
“And may I take it, sir,” said Miller, “that you can establish a prima facie
case against this man, so that we can get a remand until Mr. Montague is
well enough to identify him?”
“You may,” Thorndyke replied. “Let me know when and where he is to
be charged and I will attend and give evidence.”
On this Miller wrote out a receipt for the jewels and the two officers
hurried off to their taxicab, leaving us, as Badger put it, “to our fishing.”
As soon as they were out of sight, Thorndyke opened his case and mixed
another bowlful of plaster. “We want two more casts,” said he; “one of the
right foot of the man who buried the jewels and one of the right foot of the
prisoner. They are obviously identical, as you can see by the arrangement of
the nails and the shape of the new patch on the sole. I shall put the casts in
evidence and compare them with the prisoner’s right boot.”
I understood now why Thorndyke had walked away towards Putney and
then returned in rear of the stranger. He had suspected the man and had
wanted to get a look at his footprints. But there was a good deal in this case
that I did not understand at all.

“There,” said Thorndyke, as he deposited the casts, each with its
pencilled identification, in his canvas case, “that is the end of the Blue
Diamond Mystery.”

“I beg your pardon,” said I, “but it isn’t. I want a full explanation. It is
evident that from the house at Brentford you made a bee line to that willow.
You knew then pretty exactly where the necklace was hidden. For all I
know, you may have had that knowledge when we left Scotland Yard.”
“As a matter of fact, I had,” he replied. “I went to Brentford principally
to verify the ownership of the wallet and the bag.”
“But what was it that directed you with such certainty to the
Hammersmith towing-path?”
It was then that he made the observation that I have quoted at the
beginning of this narrative.
“In this case,” he continued, “a curious fact, well known to naturalists,
acquired vital evidential importance. It associated a bag, found in one
locality, with another apparently unrelated locality. It was the link that
joined up the two ends of a broken chain. I offered that fact to Inspector
Badger, who, lacking the knowledge wherewith to interpret it, rejected it
with scorn.”
“I remember that you gave him the name of that little shell that dropped
out of the handful of grass.”
“Exactly,” said Thorndyke. “That was the crucial fact. It told us where
the handful of grass had been gathered.”
“I can’t imagine how,” said I. “Surely you find shells all over the
country?”
“That is, in general, quite true,” he replied, “but Clausilia biplicata is one
of the rare exceptions. There are four British species of these queer little
univalves (which are so named from the little spring door with which the
entrance of the shell is furnished); Clausilia laminata, Rolphii, rugosa and
biplicata. The first three species have what we may call a normal
distribution, whereas the distribution of biplicata is abnormal. This seems to
be a dying species. It is in process of becoming extinct in this island. But
when a species of animal or plant becomes extinct, it does not fade away
evenly over the whole of its habitat, but it disappears in patches, which
gradually extend, leaving, as it were, islands of survival. This is what has
happened to Clausilia biplicata. It has disappeared from this country with
the exception of two localities; one of these is in Wiltshire, and the other is
the right bank of the Thames at Hammersmith. And this latter locality is
extraordinarily restricted. Walk down a few hundred yards towards Putney,
and you have walked out of its domain; walk up a few hundred yards

towards the bridge, and again you have walked out of its territory. Yet
within that little area it is fairly plentiful. If you know where to look—it
lives on the bark or at the roots of willow trees—you can usually find one
or two specimens. Thus, you see, the presence of that shell associated the
handful of grass with a certain willow tree, and that willow was either in
Wiltshire or by the Hammersmith towing-path. But there was nothing
otherwise to connect it with Wiltshire, whereas there was something to
connect it with Hammersmith. Let us for a moment dismiss the shell and
consider the other suggestions offered by the bag and stick.
“The bag, as you saw, contained traces of two very different persons. One
was apparently a middle-class man, probably middle-aged or elderly,
cleanly, careful as to his appearance and of orderly habits; the other,
uncleanly, slovenly and apparently a professional criminal. The bag itself
seemed to appertain to the former person. It was an expensive bag and
showed signs of years of careful use. This, and the circumstances in which
it was found, led us to suspect that it was a stolen bag. Now, we knew that
the contents of a bag had been stolen. We knew that an empty bag had been
picked up on the line between Barnes and Chiswick, and it was probable
that the thief had left the train at the latter station. The empty bag had been
assumed to be Mr. Montague’s, whereas the probabilities—as, for instance,
the fact of its having been thrown out on the line—suggested that it was the
thief’s bag, and that Mr. Montague’s had been taken away with its contents.
“The point, then, that we had to settle when we left Scotland Yard, was
whether this apparently stolen bag had any connection with the train
robbery. But as soon as we saw Mr. Montague it was evident that he
corresponded exactly with the owner of the dressing-wallet; and when we
saw the bag that had been found on the line—a shoddy, imitation leather
bag—it was practically certain that it was not his, while the roughly-
stitched leather pockets exactly suited to the dimensions of house-breaking
tools, strongly suggested that it was a burglar’s bag. But if this were so,
then Mr. Montague’s bag had been stolen, and the robber’s effects stuffed
into it.
“With this working hypothesis we were now able to take up the case from
the other end. The Scotland Yard bag was Montague’s bag. It had been
taken from Chiswick to the Hammersmith towpath, where—judging from
the clay smears on the bottom—it had been laid on the ground, presumably
close to a willow tree. The use of the grass as packing suggested that

something had been removed from the bag at this place—something that
had wedged the tools together and prevented them from rattling; and there
appeared to be half a towel missing. Clearly, the towpath was our next field
of exploration.
“But, small as this area was geographically, it would have taken a long
time to examine in detail. Here, however, the stick gave us invaluable aid. It
had a perfectly distinctive tip, and it showed traces of having been stuck
about three inches into earth similar to that on the bag. What we had thus to
look for was a hole in the ground about three inches deep, and having at the
bottom the impression of a half-worn boot-stud. This hole would probably
be close to a willow.
“The search turned out even easier than I had hoped. Directly we reached
the towpath I picked up the track of the stick, and not one track only, but a
double track, showing that our friend had returned to the bridge. All that
remained was to follow the track until it came to an end and there we were
pretty certain to find the hole in the ground, as, in fact, we did.”
“And why,” I asked, “do you suppose he buried the stuff?”
“Probably as a precaution, in case he had been seen and described. This
morning’s papers will have told him that he had not been. Probably, also, he
wanted to make arrangements with a fence and didn’t want to have the
booty about him.”

There is little more to tell. When the case was heard on the following
morning, Thorndyke’s uncannily precise and detailed description of the
course of events, coupled with the production of the stolen property, so
unnerved the prisoner that he pleaded guilty forthwith.
As to Mr. Montague, he recovered completely in a few days, and a
handsome pair of Georgian silver candlesticks may even to this day be seen
on our mantel-piece testifying to his gratitude and appreciation of
Thorndyke’s brilliant conduct of the case.

VI.
THE STOLEN INGOTS

“In medico-legal practice,” Thorndyke remarked, “one must be constantly
on one’s guard against the effects of suggestion, whether intentional or
unconscious. When the facts of a case are set forth by an informant, they are
nearly always presented, consciously or unconsciously, in terms of
inference. Certain facts, which appear to the narrator to be the leading facts,
are given with emphasis and in detail, while other facts, which appear to be
subordinate or trivial, are partially suppressed. But this assessment of
evidential value must never be accepted. The whole case must be
considered and each fact weighed separately, and then it will commonly
happen that the leading fact turns out to be the one that had been passed
over as negligible.”
The remark was made apropos of a case, the facts of which had just been
stated to us by Mr. Halethorpe, of the Sphinx Assurance Company. I did not
quite perceive its bearing at the time, but looking back when the case was
concluded, I realized that I had fallen into the very error against which
Thorndyke’s warning should have guarded me.
“I trust,” said Mr. Halethorpe, “that I have not come at an inconvenient
time. You are so tolerant of unusual hours——”
“My practice,” interrupted Thorndyke, “is my recreation, and I welcome
you as one who comes to furnish entertainment. Draw your chair up to the
fire, light a cigar and tell us your story.”
Mr. Halethorpe laughed, but adopted the procedure suggested, and
having settled his toes upon the kerb and selected a cigar from the box, he
opened the subject of his call.
“I don’t quite know what you can do for us,” he began, “as it is hardly
your business to trace lost property, but I thought I would come and let you
know about our difficulty. The fact is that our company looks like dropping
some four thousand pounds, which the directors won’t like. What has
happened is this:

“About two months ago the London House of the Akropong Gold Fields
Company applied to us to insure a parcel of gold bars that were to be
consigned to Minton and Borwell, the big manufacturing jewellers. The
bars were to be shipped at Accra and landed at Bellhaven, which is the
nearest port to Minton and Borwell’s works. Well, we agreed to underwrite
the risk—we have done business with the Akropong people before—and the
matter was settled. The bars were put on board the Labadi at Accra, and in
due course were landed at Bellhaven, where they were delivered to
Minton’s agents. So far, so good. Then came the catastrophe. The case of
bars was put on the train at Bellhaven, consigned to Anchester, where
Mintons have their factory. But the line doesn’t go to Anchester direct. The
junction is at Garbridge, a small country station close to the river Crouch,
and here the case was put out and locked up in the station-master’s office to
wait for the Anchester train. It seems that the station-master was called
away and detained longer than he had expected, and when the train was
signalled he hurried back in a mighty twitter. However, the case was there
all right, and he personally superintended its removal to the guard’s van and
put it in the guard’s charge. All went well for the rest of the journey. A
member of the firm was waiting at Anchester station with a closed van. The
case was put into it and taken direct to the factory, where it was opened in
the private office—and found to be full of lead pipe.”
“I presume,” said Thorndyke, “that it was not the original case.”
“No,” replied Halethorpe, “but it was a very fair imitation. The label and
the marks were correct, but the seals were just plain wax. Evidently the
exchange had been made in the station-master’s office, and it transpires that
although the door was securely locked, there was an unfastened window
which opened on to the garden, and there were plain marks of feet on the
flower-bed outside.”
“What time did this happen?” asked Thorndyke.
“The Anchester train came in at a quarter past seven, by which time, of
course, it was quite dark.”
“And when did it happen?”
“The day before yesterday. We heard of it yesterday morning.”
“Are you contesting the claim?”
“We don’t want to. Of course, we could plead negligence, but in that case
I think we should make a claim on the railway company. But, naturally, we

should much rather recover the property. After all, it can’t be so very far
away.”
“I wouldn’t say that,” said Thorndyke. “This was no impromptu theft.
The dummy case was prepared in advance, and evidently by somebody who
knew what the real case was like, and how and when it was to be
despatched from Bellhaven. We must assume that the disposal of the stolen
case has been provided for with similar completeness. How far is Garbridge
from the river?”
“Less than half a mile across the marshes. The detective-inspector—
Badger, I think you know him—asked the same question.”
“Naturally,” said Thorndyke. “A heavy object like this case is much more
easily and inconspicuously conveyed by water than on land. And then, see
what facilities for concealment a navigable river offers. The case could be
easily stowed away on a small craft, or even in a boat; or the bars could be
taken out and stowed amongst the ballast, or even, at a pinch, dropped
overboard at a marked spot and left until the hue and cry was over.”
“You are not very encouraging,” Halethorpe remarked gloomily. “I take it
that you don’t much expect that we shall recover those bars.”
“We needn’t despair,” was the reply, “but I want you to understand the
difficulties. The thieves have got away with the booty, and that booty is an
imperishable material which retains its value even if broken up into
unrecognizable fragments. Melted down into small ingots, it would be
impossible to identify.”
“Well,” said Halethorpe, “the police have the matter in hand—Inspector
Badger, of the C.I.D., is in charge of the case—but our directors would be
more satisfied if you would look into it. Of course we would give you any
help we could. What do you say?”
“I am willing to look into the case,” said Thorndyke, “though I don’t hold
out much hope. Could you give me a note to the shipping company and
another to the consignees, Minton and Borwell?”
“Of course I will. I’ll write them now. I have some of our stationery in
my attaché case. But, if you will pardon my saying so, you seem to be
starting your inquiry just where there is nothing to be learned. The case was
stolen after it left the ship and before it reached the consignees—although
their agent had received it from the ship.”
“The point is,” said Thorndyke, “that this was a preconcerted robbery,
and that the thieves possessed special information. That information must

have come either from the ship or from the factory. So, while we must try to
pick up the track of the case itself, we must seek the beginning of the clue at
the two ends—the ship and the factory—from one of which it must have
started.”
“Yes, that’s true,” said Halethorpe. “Well, I’ll write those two notes and
then I must run away; and we’ll hope for the best.”
He wrote the two letters, asking for facilities from the respective parties,
and then took his departure in a somewhat chastened frame of mind.
“Quite an interesting little problem,” Thorndyke remarked, as
Halethorpe’s footsteps died away on the stairs, “but not much in our line. It
is really a police case—a case for patient and intelligent inquiry. And that is
what we shall have to do—make some careful inquiries on the spot.”
“Where do you propose to begin?” I asked.
“At the beginning,” he replied. “Bellhaven. I propose that we go down
there to-morrow morning and pick up the thread at that end.”
“What thread?” I demanded. “We know that the package started from
there. What else do you expect to learn?”
“There are several curious possibilities in this case, as you must have
noticed,” he replied. “The question is, whether any of them are
probabilities. That is what I want to settle before we begin a detailed
investigation.”
“For my part,” said I, “I should have supposed that the investigation
would start from the scene of the robbery. But I presume that you have seen
some possibilities that I have overlooked.”
Which eventually turned out to be the case.

“I think,” said Thorndyke as we alighted at Bellhaven on the following
morning, “we had better go first to the Customs and make quite certain, if
we can, that the bars were really in the case when it was delivered to the
consignees’ agents. It won’t do to take it for granted that the substitution
took place at Garbridge, although that is by far the most probable theory.”
Accordingly we made our way to the harbour, where an obliging mariner
directed us to our destination.
At the Custom House we were received by a genial officer, who, when
Thorndyke had explained his connection with the robbery, entered into the
matter with complete sympathy and a quick grasp of the situation.

“I see,” said he. “You want clear evidence that the bars were in the case
when it left here. Well, I think we can satisfy you on that point. Bullion is
not a customable commodity, but it has to be examined and reported. If it is
consigned to the Bank of England or the Mint, the case is passed through
with the seals unbroken, but as this was a private consignment, the seals
will have been broken and the contents of the case examined. Jeffson, show
these gentlemen the report on the case of gold bars from the Labadi.”
“Would it be possible,” Thorndyke asked, “for us to have a few words
with the officer who opened the case? You know the legal partiality for
personal testimony.”
“Of course it would. Jeffson, when these gentlemen have seen the report,
find the officer who signed it and let them have a talk with him.”
We followed Mr. Jeffson into an adjoining office where he produced the
report and handed it to Thorndyke. The particulars that it gave were in
effect those that would be furnished by the ship’s manifest and the bill of
lading. The case was thirteen inches long by twelve wide and nine inches
deep, outside measurement; and its gross weight was one hundred and
seventeen pounds three ounces, and it contained four bars of the aggregate
weight of one hundred and thirteen pounds two ounces.
“Thank you,” said Thorndyke, handing back the report. “And now can
we see the officer—Mr. Byrne, I think—just to fill in the details?”
“If you will come with me,” replied Mr. Jeffson, “I’ll find him for you. I
expect he is on the wharf.”
We followed our conductor out on to the quay among a litter of cases,
crates and barrels, and eventually, amidst a battalion of Madeira wine casks,
found the officer deep in problems of “content and ullage,” and other
customs mysteries. As Jeffson introduced us, and then discreetly retired, Mr.
Byrne confronted us with a mahogany face and a truculent blue eye.
“With reference to this bullion,” said Thorndyke, “I understand that you
weighed the bars separately from the case?”
“Oi did,” replied Mr. Byrne.
“Did you weigh each bar separately?”
“Oi did not,” was the concise reply.
“What was the appearance of the bars—I mean as to shape and size?
Were they of the usual type?”
“Oi’ve not had a great deal to do with bullion,” said Mr. Byrne, “but Oi
should say that they were just ordinary gold bars, about nine inches long by

four wide and about two inches deep.”
“Was there much packing material in the case?”
“Very little. The bars were wrapped in thick canvas and jammed into the
case. There wouldn’t be more than about half an inch clearance all round to
allow for the canvas. The case was inch and a half stuff strengthened with
iron bands.”
“Did you seal the case after you had closed it up?”
“Oi did. ’Twas all shipshape when it was passed back to the mate. And Oi
saw him hand it over to the consignees’ agents; so ’twas all in order when it
left the wharf.”
“That was what I wanted to make sure of,” said Thorndyke; and, having
pocketed his notebook and thanked the officer, he turned away among the
wilderness of merchandise.
“So much for the Customs,” said he. “I am glad we went there first. As
you have no doubt observed, we have picked up some useful information.”
“We have ascertained,” I replied, “that the case was intact when it was
handed over to the consignees’ agents, so that our investigations at
Garbridge will start from a solid basis. And that, I take it, is all you wanted
to know.”
“Not quite all,” he rejoined. “There are one or two little details that I
should like to fill in. I think we will look in on the shipping agents and
present Halethorpe’s note. We may as well learn all we can before we make
our start from the scene of the robbery.”
“Well,” I said. “I don’t see what more there is to learn here. But
apparently you do. That seems to be the office, past those sheds.”
The manager of the shipping agent’s office looked us up and down as he
sat at his littered desk with Halethorpe’s letter in his hand.
“You’ve come about that bullion that was stolen,” he said brusquely.
“Well, it wasn’t stolen here. Hadn’t you better inquire at Garbridge, where it
was?”
“Undoubtedly,” replied Thorndyke. “But I am making certain preliminary
inquiries. Now, first, as to the bill of lading. Who has that—the original, I
mean?”
“The captain has it at present, but I have a copy.”
“Could I see it?” Thorndyke asked.
The manager raised his eyebrows protestingly, but produced the
document from a file and handed it to Thorndyke, watching him

inquisitively as he copied the particulars of the package into his notebook.
“I suppose,” said Thorndyke as he returned the document, “you have a
copy of the ship’s manifest?”
“Yes,” replied the manager, “but the entry in the manifest is merely a
copy of the particulars given in the bill of lading.”
“I should like to see the manifest, if it is not troubling you too much.”
“But,” the other protested impatiently, “the manifest contains no
information respecting this parcel of bullion excepting the one entry, which,
as I have told you, has been copied from the bill of lading.”
“I realize that,” said Thorndyke; “but I should like to look over it, all the
same.”
Our friend bounced into an inner office and presently returned with a
voluminous document, which he slapped down on a side-table.
“There, sir,” he said. “That is the manifest. This is the entry relating to
the bullion that you are enquiring about. The rest of the document is
concerned with the cargo, in which I presume you are not interested.”
In this, however, he was mistaken; for Thorndyke, having verified the
bullion entry, turned the leaves over and began systematically, though
rapidly, to run his eye over the long list from the beginning, a proceeding
that the manager viewed with frenzied impatience.
“If you are going to read it right through, sir,” the latter observed, “I shall
ask you to excuse me. Art is long but life is short,” he added with a sour
smile.
Nevertheless he hovered about uneasily, and when Thorndyke proceeded
to copy some of the entries into his notebook, he craned over and read them
without the least disguise, though not without comment.
“Good God, sir!” he exclaimed. “What possible bearing on this robbery
can that parcel of scrivelloes have? And do you realize that they are still in
the ship’s hold?”
“I inferred that they were, as they are consigned to London,” Thorndyke
replied, drawing his finger down the “description” column and rapidly
scanning the entries in it. The manager watched that finger, and as it
stopped successively at a bag of gum copal, a case of quartz specimens, a
case of six-inch brass screw-bolts, a bag of beni-seed and a package of kola
nuts, he breathed hard and muttered like an angry parrot. But Thorndyke
was quite unmoved. With calm deliberation he copied out each entry,
conscientiously noting the marks, descriptions of packages and contents,

gross and net weight, dimensions, names of consignors and consignees,
ports of shipment and discharge, and, in fact, the entire particulars. It was
certainly an amazing proceeding, and I could make no more of it than could
our impatient friend.
At last Thorndyke closed and pocketed his note-book, and the manager
heaved a slightly obtrusive sigh. “Is there nothing more, sir?” he asked.
“You don’t want to examine the ship, for instance?” The next moment, I
think, he regretted his sarcasm, for Thorndyke inquired with evident
interest: “Is the ship still here?”
“Yes,” was the unwilling admission. “She finishes unloading here at
midday to-day and will probably haul into the London Docks to-morrow
morning.”
“I don’t think I need go on board,” said Thorndyke, “but you might give
me a card in case I find that I want to.”
The card was somewhat grudgingly produced, and when Thorndyke had
thanked our entertainer for his help, we took our leave and made our way
towards the station.
“Well,” I said, “you have collected a vast amount of curious information,
but I am hanged if I can see that any of it has the slightest bearing on our
inquiry.”
Thorndyke cast on me a look of deep reproach. “Jervis!” he exclaimed,
“you astonish me; you do, indeed. Why, my dear fellow, it stares you in the
face!”
“When you say ‘it,’ ” I said a little irritably, “you mean——?”
“I mean the leading fact from which we may deduce the modus operandi
of this robbery. You shall look over my notes in the train and sort out the
data that we have collected. I think you will find them extremely
illuminating.”
“I doubt it,” said I. “But, meanwhile, aren’t we wasting a good deal of
time? Halethorpe wants to get the gold back; he doesn’t want to know how
the thieves contrived to steal it.”
“That is a very just remark,” answered Thorndyke. “My learned friend
displays his customary robust common sense. Nevertheless, I think that a
clear understanding of the mechanism of this robbery will prove very
helpful to us, though I agree with you that we have spent enough time on
securing our preliminary data. The important thing now is to pick up a trail
from Garbridge. But I see our train is signalled. We had better hurry.”

As the train rumbled into the station, we looked out for an empty
smoking compartment, and having been fortunate enough to secure one, we
settled ourselves in opposite corners and lighted our pipes. Then Thorndyke
handed me his notebook and as I studied, with wrinkled brows, the
apparently disconnected entries, he sat and observed me thoughtfully and
with the faintest suspicion of a smile. Again and again I read through those
notes with ever-dwindling hopes of extracting the meaning that “stared me
in the face.” Vainly did I endeavour to connect gum copal, scrivelloes or
beni-seed with the methods of the unknown robbers. The entries in the
notebook persisted obstinately in remaining totally disconnected and
hopelessly irrelevant. At last I shut the book with a savage snap and handed
it back to its owner.
“It’s no use, Thorndyke,” I said. “I can’t see the faintest glimmer of
light.”
“Well,” said he, “it isn’t of much consequence. The practical part of our
task is before us, and it may turn out a pretty difficult part. But we have got
to recover those bars if it is humanly possible. And here we are at our
jumping-off place. This is Garbridge Station—and I see an old acquaintance
of ours on the platform.”
I looked out, as the train slowed down, and there, sure enough, was no
less a person than Inspector Badger of the Criminal Investigation
Department.
“We could have done very well without Badger,” I remarked.
“Yes,” Thorndyke agreed, “but we shall have to take him into
partnership, I expect. After all, we are on his territory and on the same
errand. How do you do, Inspector?” he continued, as the officer, having
observed our descent from the carriage, hurried forward with unwonted
cordiality.
“I rather expected to see you here, sir,” said he. “We heard that Mr.
Halethorpe had consulted you. But this isn’t the London train.”
“No,” said Thorndyke. “We’ve been to Bellhaven, just to make sure that
the bullion was in the case when it started.”
“I could have told you that two days ago,” said Badger. “We got on to the
Customs people at once. That was all plain sailing; but the rest of it isn’t.”
“No clue as to how the case was taken away?”
“Oh, yes; that is pretty clear. It was hoisted out, and the dummy hoisted
in, through the window of the station-master’s office. And the same night,

two men were seen carrying a heavy package, about the size of the bullion-
case, towards the marshes. But there the clue ends. The stuff seems to have
vanished into thin air. Of course our people are on the look-out for it in
various likely directions, but I am staying here with a couple of plain-
clothes men. I’ve a conviction that it is still somewhere in this
neighbourhood, and I mean to stick here in the hope that I may spot
somebody trying to move it.”
As the inspector was speaking we had been walking slowly from the
station towards the village, which was on the opposite side of the river. On
the bridge Thorndyke halted and looked down the river and over the wide
expanse of marshy country.
“This is an ideal place for a bullion robbery,” he remarked. “A tidal river
near to the sea and a network of creeks, in any one of which one could hide
a boat or sink the booty below tide-marks. Have you heard of any strange
craft having put in here?”
“Yes. There’s a little ramshackle bawley from Leigh—but her crew of
two ragamuffins are not Leigh men. And they’ve made a mess of their visit
—got their craft on the mud on the top of the spring tide. There she is, on
that spit; and there she’ll be till next spring tide. But I’ve been over her
carefully and I’ll swear the stuff isn’t aboard her. I had all the ballast out
and emptied the lazarette and the chain locker.”
“And what about the barge?”
“She’s a regular trader here. Her crew—the skipper and his son—are
quite respectable men and they belong here. There they go in that boat; I
expect they are off on this tide. But they seem to be making for the bawley.”
As he spoke the inspector produced a pair of glasses, through which he
watched the movements of the barge’s jolly-boat, and a couple of elderly
fishermen, who were crossing the bridge, halted to look on. The barge’s
boat ran alongside the stranded bawley, and one of the rowers hailed;
whereupon two men tumbled up from the cabin and dropped into the boat,
which immediately pushed off and headed for the barge.
“Them bawley blokes seems to be taking a passage along of old Bill
Somers,” one of the fishermen remarked, levelling a small telescope at the
barge as the boat drew alongside and the four men climbed on board.
“Going to work their passage, too,” he added as the two passengers
proceeded immediately to man the windlass while the crew let go the brails
and hooked the main-sheet block to the traveller.

“Rum go,” commented Badger, glaring at the barge through his glasses;
“but they haven’t taken anything aboard with them. I could see that.”
“You have overhauled the barge, I suppose?” said Thorndyke.
“Yes. Went right through her. Nothing there. She’s light. There was no
place aboard her where you could hide a split-pea.”
“Did you get her anchor up?”
“No,” replied Badger. “I didn’t. I suppose I ought to have done so.
However, they’re getting it up themselves now.” As he spoke, the rapid
clink of a windlass-pawl was borne across the water, and through my
prismatic glasses I could see the two passengers working for all they were
worth at the cranks. Presently the clink of the pawl began to slow down
somewhat and the two bargemen, having got the sails set, joined the toilers
at the windlass, but even then there was no great increase of speed.
“Anchor seems to come up uncommon heavy,” one of the fishermen
remarked.
“Aye,” the other agreed. “Got foul of an old mooring maybe.”
“Look out for the anchor, Badger,” Thorndyke said in a low voice, gazing
steadily through his binocular. “It is out of the ground. The cable is up and
down and the barge is drifting off on the tide.”
Even as he spoke the ring and stock of the anchor rose slowly out of the
water, and now I could see that a second chain was shackled loosely to the
cable, down which it had slid until it was stopped by the ring of the anchor.
Badger had evidently seen it too, for he ejaculated, “Hallo!” and added a
few verbal flourishes which I need not repeat. A few more turns of the
windlass brought the flukes of the anchor clear of the water, and dangling
against them was an undeniable wooden case, securely slung with lashings
of stout chain. Badger cursed volubly, and, turning to the fishermen,
exclaimed in a rather offensively peremptory tone:
“I want a boat. Now. This instant.”
The elder piscator regarded him doggedly and replied: “All right. I ain’t
got no objection.”
“Where can I get a boat?” the inspector demanded, nearly purple with
excitement and anxiety.
“Where do you think?” the mariner responded, evidently nettled by the
inspector’s masterful tone. “Pastrycook’s? Or livery stables?”
“Look here,” said Badger. “I’m a police officer and I want to board that
barge, and I am prepared to pay handsomely. Now where can I get a boat?”

“We’ll put you aboard of her,” replied the fisherman, “that is, if we can
catch her. But I doubt it. She’s off, that’s what she is. And there’s something
queer a-going on aboard of her,” he added in a somewhat different tone.
There was. I had been observing it. The case had been, with some
difficulty, hoisted on board, and then suddenly there had broken out an
altercation between the two bargees and their passengers, and this had now
developed into what looked like a free fight. It was difficult to see exactly
what was happening, for the barge was drifting rapidly down the river, and
her sails, blowing out first on one side and then on the other, rather
obscured the view. Presently, however, the sails filled and a man appeared
at the wheel; then the barge jibed round, and with a strong ebb tide and a
fresh breeze, very soon began to grow small in the distance.
Meanwhile the fishermen had bustled off in search of a boat, and the
inspector had raced to the bridgehead, where he stood gesticulating
frantically and blowing his whistle, while Thorndyke continued placidly to
watch the receding barge through his binocular.
“What are we going to do?” I asked, a little surprised at my colleague’s
inaction.
“What can we do?” he asked in reply. “Badger will follow the barge. He
probably won’t overtake her, but he will prevent her from making a landing
until they get out into the estuary, and then he may possibly get assistance.
The chase is in his hands.”
“Are we going with him?”
“I am not. This looks like being an all-night expedition, and I must be at
our chambers to-morrow morning. Besides, the chase is not our affair. But
if you would like to join Badger there is no reason why you shouldn’t. I can
look after the practice.”
“Well,” I said, “I think I should rather like to be in at the death, if it won’t
inconvenience you. But it is possible that they may get away with the
booty.”
“Quite,” he agreed; “and then it would be useful to know exactly how
and where it disappears. Yes, go with them, by all means, and keep a sharp
look-out.”
At this moment Badger returned with the two plain-clothes men whom
his whistle had called from their posts, and simultaneously a boat was seen
approaching the steps by the bridge, rowed by the two fishermen. The

inspector looked at us inquiringly. “Are you coming to see the sport?” he
asked.
“Doctor Jervis would like to come with you,” Thorndyke replied. “I have
to get back to London. But you will be a fair boat-load without me.”
This appeared to be also the view of the two fishermen, as they brought
up at the steps and observed the four passengers; but they made no demur
beyond inquiring if there were not any more; and when we had taken our
places in the stern sheets, they pushed off and pulled through the bridge and
away down stream. Gradually, the village receded and the houses and the
bridge grew small and more distant, though they remained visible for a long
time over the marshy levels; and still, as I looked back through my glasses,
I could see Thorndyke on the bridge, watching the pursuit with his
binocular to his eyes.
Meanwhile the fugitive barge, having got some two miles start, seemed
to be drawing ahead. But it was only at intervals that we could see her, for
the tide was falling fast and we were mostly hemmed in by the high, muddy
banks. Only when we entered a straight reach of the river could we see her
sails over the land; and every time that she came into view, she appeared
perceptibly smaller.
When the river grew wider, the mast was stepped and a good-sized lug-
sail hoisted, though one of the fishermen continued to ply his oar on the
weather side, while the other took the tiller. This improved our pace
appreciably; but still, whenever we caught a glimpse of the barge, it was
evident that she was still gaining.
On one of these occasions the man at the tiller, standing up to get a better
view, surveyed our quarry intently for nearly a minute and then addressed
the inspector.
“She’s a-going to give us the go-by, mister,” he observed with conviction.
“Still gaining?” asked Badger.
“Aye. She’s a-going to slip across the tail of Foulness Sand into the deep
channel. And that’s the last we shall see of her.”
“But can’t we get into the channel the same way?” demanded Badger.
“Well, d’ye see,” replied the fisherman, “ ’tis like this. Tide’s a-running
out, but there’ll be enough for her. It’ll just carry her out through the
Whitaker Channel and across the spit. Then it’ll turn, and up she’ll go,
London way, on the flood. But we shall catch the flood-tide in the Whitaker

Channel, and a rare old job we’ll have to get out; and when we do get out,
that barge’ll be miles away.”
The inspector swore long and earnestly. He even alluded to himself as a
“blithering idiot.” But that helped matters not at all. The fisherman’s dismal
prophecy was fulfilled in every horrid detail. When we were approaching
the Whitaker Channel the barge was just crossing the spit, and the last of
the ebb-tide was trickling out. By the time we were fairly in the Channel the
tide had turned and was already flowing in with a speed that increased
every minute; while over the sand we could see the barge, already out in the
open estuary, heading to the west on the flood-tide at a good six knots.
Poor Badger was frantic. With yearning eyes fixed on the dwindling
barge, he cursed, entreated, encouraged and made extravagant offers. He
even took an oar and pulled with such desperate energy that he caught a
crab and turned a neat back somersault into the fisherman’s lap. The two
mariners pulled until their oars bent like canes; but still the sandy banks
crept by, inch by inch, and ever the turbid water seemed to pour up the
channel more and yet more swiftly. It was a fearful struggle and seemed to
last for hours; and when, at last, the boat crawled out across the spit and the
exhausted rowers rested on their oars, the sun was just setting and the barge
had disappeared into the west.
I was really sorry for Badger. His oversight in respect of the anchor was a
very natural one for a landsman, and he had evidently taken infinite pains
over the case and shown excellent judgment in keeping a close watch on the
neighbourhood of Garbridge; and now, after all his care, it looked as if both
the robbers and their booty had slipped through his fingers. It was
desperately bad luck.
“Well,” said the elder fisherman, “they’ve give us a run for our money;
but they’ve got clear away. What’s to be done now, mister?”
Badger had nothing to suggest excepting that we should pull or sail up
the river in the hope of getting some assistance on the way. He was in the
lowest depths of despair and dejection. But now, when Fortune seemed to
have deserted us utterly, and failure appeared to be an accomplished fact,
Providence intervened.
A small steam vessel that had been approaching from the direction of the
East Swin suddenly altered her course and bore down as if to speak us. The
fisherman who had last spoken looked at her attentively for a few moments

and then slapped his thigh. “Saved, by gum!” he exclaimed. “This’ll do
your trick, mister. Here comes a Customs cruiser.”
Instantly the two fishermen bent to their oars to meet the oncoming craft,
and in a few minutes we were alongside, Badger hailing like a bull of
Bashan. A brief explanation to the officer in charge secured a highly
sympathetic promise of help. We all scrambled up on deck; the boat was
dropped astern at the scope of her painter; the engine-room bell jangled
merrily, and the smart, yacht-like vessel began to forge ahead.
“Now then,” said the officer, as his craft gathered way, “give us a
description of this barge. What is she like?”
“She’s a small stumpy,” the senior fisherman explained, “flying light;
wants paint badly; steers with a wheel; green transom with Bluebell,
Maldon, cut in and gilded. Seemed to be keeping along the north shore.”
With these particulars in his mind, the officer explored the western
horizon with a pair of night-glasses, although it was still broad daylight.
Presently he reported: “There’s a stumpy in a line with the Blacktail Spit
buoy. Just take a look at her.” He handed his glasses to the fisherman, who,
after a careful inspection of the stranger, gave it as his opinion that she was
our quarry. “Probably makin’ for Southend or Leigh,” said he, and added:
“I’ll bet she’s bound for Benfleet Creek. Nice quiet place, that, to land the
stuff.”
Our recent painful experience was now reversed, for as our swift little
vessel devoured the miles of water, the barge, which we were all watching
eagerly, loomed up larger every minute. By the time we were abreast of the
Mouse Lightship, she was but a few hundred yards ahead, and even through
my glasses, the name Bluebell was clearly legible. Badger nearly wept with
delight; the officer in charge smiled an anticipatory smile; the deck-hands
girded up their loins for the coming capture and the plain-clothes men each
furtively polished a pair of handcuffs.
At length the little cruiser came fairly abreast of the barge—not
unobserved by the two men on her deck. Then she sheered in suddenly and
swept alongside. One hand neatly hooked a shroud with a grappling iron
and made fast while a couple of preventive officers, the plain-clothes men
and the inspector jumped down simultaneously on to the barge’s deck. For a
moment, the two bawley men were inclined to show fight; but the odds
were too great. After a perfunctory scuffle they both submitted to be
handcuffed and were at once hauled up on board the cruiser and lodged in

the fore-peak under guard. Then the chief officer, the two fishermen and I
jumped on board the barge and followed Badger down the companion hatch
to the cabin.
It was a curious scene that was revealed in that little cupboard-like
apartment by the light of Badger’s electric torch. On each of the two lockers
was stretched a man, securely lashed with lead-line and having drawn over
his face a knitted stocking cap, while on the little triangular fixed table
rested an iron-bound box which I instantly identified by my recollection of
the description of the bullion case in the ship’s manifest. It was but the work
of a minute to liberate the skipper and his son and send them up, wrathful
but substantially uninjured, to refresh on the cruiser; and then the ponderous
treasure-chest was borne in triumph by two muscular deck-hands, up the
narrow steps, to be hoisted to the Government vessel.
“Well, well,” said the inspector, mopping his face with his handkerchief,
“all’s well that ends well; but I thought I had lost the men and the stuff that
time. What are you going to do? I shall stay on board as this boat is going
right up to the Custom House in London; but if you want to get home
sooner, I dare say the chief officer will put you ashore at Southend.”
I decided to adopt this course, and I was accordingly landed at Southend
Pier with a telegram from Badger to his head-quarters; and at Southend I
was fortunate enough to catch an express train which brought me to
Fenchurch Street while the night was still young.
When I reached our chambers, I found Thorndyke seated by the fire,
serenely studying a brief. He stood up as I entered and, laying aside the
brief, remarked:
“You are back sooner than I expected. How sped the chase? Did you
catch the barge?”
“Yes. We’ve got the men and we’ve got the bullion. But we very nearly
lost both;” and here I gave him an account of the pursuit and the capture, to
which he listened with the liveliest interest. “That Customs cruiser was a
piece of sheer luck,” said he, when I had concluded. “I am delighted. This
capture simplifies the case for us enormously.”
“It seems to me to dispose of the case altogether,” said I. “The property is
recovered and the thieves are in custody. But I think most of the credit
belongs to Badger.”
Thorndyke smiled enigmatically. “I should let him have it all, Jervis,” he
said; and then, after a reflective pause, he continued: “We will go round to

Scotland Yard in the morning to verify the capture. If the package agrees
with the description in the bill of lading, the case, as you say, is disposed
of.”
“It is hardly necessary,” said I. “The marks were all correct and the
Customs seals were unbroken—but still, I know you won’t be satisfied until
you have verified everything for yourself. And I suppose you are right.”

It was past eleven in the following forenoon when we invaded
Superintendent Miller’s office at Scotland Yard. That genial officer looked
up from his desk as we entered and laughed joyously. “I told you so,
Badger,” he chuckled, turning to the inspector, who had also looked up and
was regarding us with a foxy smile. “I knew the doctor wouldn’t be
satisfied until he had seen it with his own eyes. I suppose that is what you
have come for, sir?”
“Yes,” was the reply. “It is a mere formality, of course, but, if you don’t
mind——”
“Not in the least,” replied Miller. “Come along, Badger, and show the
doctor your prize.”
The two officers conducted us to a room, which the superintendent
unlocked, and which contained a small table, a measuring standard, a
weighing machine, a set of Snellen’s test-types, and the now historic case of
bullion. The latter Thorndyke inspected closely, checking the marks and
dimensions by his notes.
“I see you haven’t opened it,” he remarked.
“No,” replied Miller. “Why should we? The Customs seals are intact.”
“I thought you might like to know what was inside,” Thorndyke
explained.
The two officers looked at him quickly and the inspector exclaimed: “But
we do know. It was opened and checked at the Customs.”
“What do you suppose is inside?” Thorndyke asked.
“I don’t suppose,” Badger replied testily. “I know. There are four bars of
gold inside.”
“Well,” said Thorndyke, “as the representative of the Assurance
Company, I should like to see the contents of that case.”
The two officers stared at him in amazement, as also, I must admit, did I.
The implied doubt seemed utterly contrary to reason.

“This is scepticism with a vengeance!” said Miller. “How on earth is it
possible—but there, I suppose if you are not satisfied, we should be
justified——”
He glanced at his subordinate, who snorted impatiently: “Oh, open it and
let him see the bars. And then, I suppose, he will want us to make an assay
of the metal.”
The superintendent retired with wrinkled brows and presently returned
with a screwdriver, a hammer and a case-opener. Very deftly he broke the
seals, extracted the screws and prized up the lid of the case, inside which
were one or two folds of thick canvas. Lifting these with something of a
flourish, he displayed the upper pair of dull, yellow bars.
“Are you satisfied now, sir?” demanded Badger. “Or do you want to see
the other two?”
Thorndyke looked reflectively at the two bars, and the two officers
looked inquiringly at him (but one might as profitably have watched the
expression on the face of a ship’s figurehead). Then he took from his pocket
a folding foot-rule and quickly measured the three dimensions of one of the
bars.
“Is that weighing machine reliable?” he asked.
“It is correct to an ounce,” the superintendent replied, gazing at my
colleague with a slightly uneasy expression. “Why?”
By way of reply Thorndyke lifted out the bar that he had measured and
carrying it across to the machine, laid it on the platform and carefully
adjusted the weights.
“Well?” the superintendent queried anxiously, as Thorndyke took the
reading from the scale.
“Twenty-nine pounds, three ounces,” replied Thorndyke.
“Well?” repeated the superintendent. “What about it?”
Thorndyke looked at him impassively for a moment, and then, in the
same quiet tone, answered: “Lead.”
“What!” the two officers shrieked in unison, darting across to the scale
and glaring at the bar of metal. Then Badger recovered himself and
expostulated, not without temper, “Nonsense, sir. Look at it. Can’t you see
that it is gold?”
“I can see that it is gilded,” replied Thorndyke.
“But,” protested Miller, “the thing is impossible! What makes you think
it is lead?”

“It is just a question of specific gravity,” was the reply. “This bar contains
seventy-two cubic inches of metal and it weighs twenty-nine pounds three
ounces. Therefore it is a bar of lead. But if you are still doubtful, it is quite
easy to settle the matter. May I cut a small piece off the bar?”
The superintendent gasped and looked at his subordinate. “I suppose,”
said he, “under the circumstances—eh, Badger? Yes. Very well, Doctor.”
Thorndyke produced a strong pocket-knife, and, having lifted the bar to
the table, applied the knife to one corner and tapped it smartly with the
hammer. The blade passed easily through the soft metal, and as the detached
piece fell to the floor, the two officers and I craned forward eagerly. And
then all possible doubts were set at rest. There was no mistaking the white,
silvery lustre of the freshly-cut surface.
“Snakes!” exclaimed the superintendent. “This is a fair knock-out! Why,
the blighters have got away with the stuff, after all! Unless,” he added, with
a quizzical look at Thorndyke, “you know where it is, Doctor. I expect you
do.”
“I believe I do,” said Thorndyke, “and if you care to come down with me
to the London Docks, I think I can hand it over to you.”
The superintendent’s face brightened appreciably. Not so Badger’s. That
afflicted officer flung down the chip of metal that he had been examining,
and, turning to Thorndyke, demanded sourly: “Why didn’t you tell us this
before, sir? You let me go off chivvying that damn barge, and you knew all
the time that the stuff wasn’t on board.”
“My dear Badger,” Thorndyke expostulated, “don’t you see that these
lead bars are essential to our case? They prove that the gold bars were never
landed and that they are consequently still on the ship. Which empowers us
to detain any gold that we may find on her.”
“There, now, Badger,” said the superintendent, “it’s no use for you to
argue with the doctor. He’s like a giraffe. He can see all round him at once.
Let us get on to the Docks.”
Having locked the room, we all sallied forth, and, taking a train at
Charing Cross Station, made our way by Mark Lane and Fenchurch Street
to Wapping, where, following Thorndyke, we entered the Docks and
proceeded straight to a wharf near the Wapping entrance. Here Thorndyke
exchanged a few words with a Customs official, who hurried away and
presently returned accompanied by an officer of higher rank. The latter,
having saluted Thorndyke and cast a slightly amused glance at our little

party, said: “They’ve landed that package that you spoke about. I’ve had it
put in my office for the present. Will you come and have a look at it?”
We followed him to his office behind a long row of sheds, where, on a
table, was a strong wooden case, somewhat larger than the “bullion” case,
while, on the desk a large, many-leaved document lay open.
“This is your case, I think,” said the official; “but you had better check it
by the manifest. Here is the entry: ‘One case containing seventeen and
three-quarter dozen brass six-inch by three-eighths screw-bolts with nuts.
Dimensions, sixteen inches by thirteen by nine. Gross weight a hundred and
nineteen pounds; net weight a hundred and thirteen pounds.’ Consigned to
‘Jackson and Walker, 593, Great Alie Street, London, E.’ Is that the one?”
“That is the one,” Thorndyke replied.
“Then,” said our friend, “we’ll get it open and have a look at those brass
screw-bolts.”
With a dexterity surprising in an official of such high degree, he had the
screws out in a twinkling, and prizing up the lid, displayed a fold of coarse
canvas. As he lifted this the two police officers peered eagerly into the case;
and suddenly the eager expression on Badger’s face changed to one of bitter
disappointment.
“You’ve missed fire this time, sir,” he snapped. “This is just a case of
brass bolts.”
“Gold bolts, Inspector,” Thorndyke corrected, placidly. He picked out
one and handed it to the astonished detective. “Did you ever feel a brass
bolt of that weight?” he asked.
“Well, it certainly is devilish heavy,” the inspector admitted, weighing it
in his hand and passing it on to Miller.
“Its weight, as stated on the manifest,” said Thorndyke, “works out at
well over eight and a half ounces, but we may as well check it.” He
produced from his pocket a little spring balance, to which he slung the bolt.
“You see,” he said, “it weighs eight ounces and two-thirds. But a brass bolt
of the same size would weigh only three ounces and four-fifths. There is not
the least doubt that these bolts are gold; and as you see that their aggregate
weight is a hundred and thirteen while the weight of the four missing bars is
a hundred and thirteen pounds, two ounces, it is a reasonable inference that
these bolts represent those bars; and an uncommonly good job they made of
the melting to lose only two ounces. Has the consignee’s agent turned up
yet?”

“He is waiting outside,” replied the officer, with a pleased smile,
“hopping about like a pea in a frying-pan. I’ll call him in.”
He did so, and a small, seedy man of strongly Semitic aspect approached
the door with nervous caution and a rather pale face. But when his beady
eye fell on the open case and the portentous assembly in the office, he
turned about and fled along the wharf as if the hosts of the Philistines were
at his heels.
“Of course it is all perfectly simple, as you say,” I replied to Thorndyke
as we strolled back up Nightingale Lane, “but I don’t see where you got
your start. What made you think that the stolen case was a dummy?”
“At first,” Thorndyke replied, “it was just a matter of alternative
hypotheses. It was purely speculative. The robbery described by Halethorpe
was a very crude affair. It was planned in quite the wrong way. Noting this,
I naturally asked myself: What is the right way to steal a case of gold
ingots? Now, the outstanding difficulty in such a robbery arises from the
ponderous nature of the thing stolen, and the way to overcome that
difficulty is to get away with the booty at leisure before the robbery is
discovered—the longer the better. It is also obvious that if you can delude
some one into stealing your dummy you will have covered up your tracks
most completely; for if that some one is caught, the issues are extremely
confused, and if he is not caught, all the tracks lead away from you. Of
course, he will discover the fraud when he tries to dispose of the swag, but
his lips are sealed by the fact that he has, himself, committed a felony. So
that is the proper strategical plan; and, though it was wildly improbable, and
there was nothing whatever to suggest it, still the possibility that this crude
robbery might cover a more subtle one, had to be borne in mind. It was
necessary to make absolutely certain that the gold bars were really in the
case when it left Bellhaven. I had practically no doubt that they were. Our
visit to the Custom House was little more than a formality, just to give us an
undeniable datum from which to make our start. We had to find somebody
who had actually seen the case open and verified the contents; and when we
found that man—Mr. Byrne—it instantly became obvious that the wildly
improbable thing had really happened. The gold bars had already
disappeared. I had calculated the approximate size of the real bars. They
would contain forty-two cubic inches, and would be about seven inches by
three by two. The dimensions given by Byrne—evidently correct, as shown
by those of the case, which the bars fitted pretty closely—were impossible.

If those bars had been gold, they would have weighed two hundred pounds,
instead of the hundred and thirteen pounds shown on his report. The
astonishing thing is that Byrne did not observe the discrepancy. There are
not many Customs officers who would have let it pass.”
“Isn’t it rather odd,” I asked, “that the thieves should have gambled on
such a remote chance?”
“It is pretty certain,” he replied, “that they were unaware of the risk they
were taking. Probably they assumed—as most persons would have done—
that a case of bullion would be merely inspected and passed. Few persons
realize the rigorous methods of the Customs officers. But to resume: It was
obvious that the ‘gold’ bars that Byrne had examined were dummies. The
next question was, where were the real bars? Had they been made away
with, or were they still on the ship? To settle this question I decided to go
through the manifest and especially through the column of net weights. And
there, presently, I came upon a package the net weight of which was within
two ounces of the weight of the stolen bars. And that package was a parcel
of brass screw-bolts—on a homeward-bound ship! But who on earth sends
brass bolts from Africa to London? The anomaly was so striking that I
examined the entry more closely, and then I found—by dividing the net
weight by the number of bolts—that each of these little bolts weighed over
half a pound. But, if this were so, those bolts could be of no other metal
than gold or platinum, and were almost certainly gold. Also, their aggregate
weight was exactly that of the stolen bars, less two ounces, which probably
represented loss in melting.”
“And the scrivelloes,” said I, “and the gum copal and the kola nuts; what
was their bearing on the inquiry? I can’t, even now, trace any connection.”
Thorndyke cast an astonished glance at me, and then replied with a quiet
chuckle: “There wasn’t any. Those notes were for the benefit of the
shipping gentleman. As he would look over my shoulder, I had to give him
something to read and think about. If I had noted only the brass bolts, I
should have virtually informed him of the nature of my suspicions.”
“Then, really, you had the case complete when we left Bellhaven?”
“Theoretically, yes. But we had to recover the stolen case, for, without
those lead ingots we could not prove that the gold bolts were stolen
property, any more than one could prove a murder without evidence of the
death of the victim.”

“And how do you suppose the robbery was carried out? How was the
gold got out of the ship’s strong-room?”
“I should say it was never there. The robbers, I suspect, are the ship’s
mate, the chief engineer and possibly the purser. The mate controls the
stowage of cargo, and the chief engineer controls the repair shop and has
the necessary skill and knowledge to deal with the metal. On receiving the
advice of the bullion consignment, I imagine they prepared the dummy case
in agreement with the description. When the bullion arrived, the dummy
case would be concealed on deck and the exchange made as soon as the
bullion was put on board. The dummy would be sent to the strong-room and
the real case carried to a prepared hiding-place. Then the engineer would
cut up the bars, melt them piecemeal and cast them into bolts in an ordinary
casting-flask, using an iron bolt as a model, and touching up the screw-
threads with a die. The mate could enter the case on the manifest when he
pleased, and send the bill of lading by post to the nominal consignee. That
is what I imagine to have been the procedure.”
Thorndyke’s solution turned out to be literally correct. The consignee,
pursued by Inspector Badger along the quay, was arrested at the dock gates
and immediately volunteered King’s evidence. Thereupon the mate, the
chief engineer and the purser of the steamship Labadi were arrested and
brought to trial; when they severally entered a plea of guilty and described
the method of the robbery almost in Thorndyke’s words.

VII.
THE FUNERAL PYRE

Thorndyke did not often indulge in an evening paper, and was even
disposed to view that modern institution with some disfavour; whence it
happened that when I entered our chambers shortly before dinner time with
a copy of the Evening Gazette in my hand, he fixed upon the folded news-
sheet an inquiring and slightly disapproving eye.
“ ’Orrible discovery near Dartford,” I announced, quoting the juvenile
vendor.
The disapproval faded from his face, but the inquiring expression
remained.
“What is it?” he asked.
“I don’t know,” I replied; “but it seems to be something in our line.”
“My learned friend does us an injustice,” he rejoined, with his eye riveted
on the paper. “Still, if you are going to make my flesh creep, I will try to
endure it.”
Thus invited, I opened the paper and read out as follows:
“A shocking tragedy has come to light in a meadow about a mile from
Dartford. About two o’clock this morning, a rural constable observed a rick
on fire out on the marshes near the creek. By the time he reached it the
upper half of the rick was burning fiercely in the strong wind and, as he
could do nothing alone, he went to the adjacent farm-house and gave the
alarm. The farmer and two of his sons accompanied the constable to the
scene of the conflagration, but the rick was now a blazing mass, roaring in
the wind and giving out an intense heat. As it was obviously impossible to
save any part of it, and as there were no other ricks near, the farmer decided
to abandon it to its fate and went home.
“At eight o’clock he returned to the spot and found the rick still burning,
though reduced to a heap of glowing cinders and ashes, and approaching it,
he was horrified to perceive a human skull grinning out from the cindery
mass. Closer examination showed other bones—all calcined white and
chalky—and close to the skull a stumpy clay pipe. The explanation of this

dreadful occurrence seems quite simple. The rick was not quite finished,
and when the farm hands knocked off work they left the ladder in position.
It is assumed that some tramp, in search of a night’s lodging, observed the
ladder, and climbing up it, made himself comfortable in the loose hay at the
top of the rick, where he fell asleep with his lighted pipe in his mouth. This
ignited the hay and the man must have been suffocated by the fumes
without awakening from his sleep.”
“A reasonable explanation,” was Thorndyke’s comment, “and quite
probable; but of course it is pure hypothesis. As a matter of fact, any one of
the three conceivable causes of violent death is possible in this case—
accident, suicide or homicide.”
“I should have supposed,” said I, “that we could almost exclude suicide.
It is difficult to imagine a man electing to roast himself to death.”
“I cannot agree with my learned friend,” Thorndyke rejoined. “I can
imagine a case—and one of great medico-legal interest—that would exactly
fit the present circumstances. Let us suppose a man, hopelessly insolvent,
desperate and disgusted with life, who decides to provide for his family by
investing the few pounds that he has left in insuring his life heavily and
then making away with himself. How would he proceed? If he should
commit suicide by any of the orthodox methods he would simply invalidate
his policy. But now, suppose he knows of a likely rick; that he provides
himself with some rapidly-acting poison, such as potassium cyanide—he
could even use prussic acid if he carried it in a rubber or celluloid bottle,
which would be consumed in the fire; that he climbs on to the rick; sets fire
to it, and as soon as it is fairly alight, takes his dose of poison and falls back
dead among the hay. Who is to contest his family’s claim? The fire will
have destroyed all traces of the poison, even if they should be sought for.
But it is practically certain that the question would never be raised. The
claim would be paid without demur.”
I could not help smiling at this calm exposition of a practicable crime. “It
is a mercy, Thorndyke,” I remarked, “that you are an honest man. If you
were not——”
“I think,” he retorted, “that I should find some better means of livelihood
than suicide. But with regard to this case: it will be worth watching. The
tramp hypothesis is certainly the most probable; but its very probability
makes an alternative hypothesis at least possible. No one is likely to suspect
fraudulent suicide; but that immunity from suspicion is a factor that

increases the probability of fraudulent suicide. And so, to a less extent, with
homicide. We must watch the case and see if there are any further
developments.”
Further developments were not very long in appearing. The report in the
morning paper disposed effectually of the tramp theory without offering any
other. “The tragedy of the burning rick,” it said, “is taking a somewhat
mysterious turn. It is now clear that the unknown man, who was assumed to
have been a tramp, must have been a person of some social position, for
careful examination of the ashes by the police have brought to light various
articles which would have been carried only by a man of fair means. The
clay pipe was evidently one of a pair—of which the second one has been
recovered—probably silver mounted and carried in a case, the steel frame
of which has been found. Both pipes are of the ‘Burns Cutty’ pattern and
have neatly scratched on the bowls the initials ‘R.R.’ The following articles
have also been found:—Remains of a watch, probably gold, and a rather
singular watch-chain, having alternate links of platinum and gold. The gold
links have partly disappeared, but numerous beads of gold have been found,
derived apparently from the watch and chain. The platinum links are intact
and are fashioned of twisted square wire. A bunch of keys, partly fused; a
rock crystal seal, apparently from a ring; a little porcelain mascot figure,
with a hole for suspension—possibly from the watch-chain—and a number
of artificial teeth. In connection with the latter, a puzzling and slightly
sinister aspect has been given to the case by the finding of an upper dental
plate by a ditch some two hundred yards from the rick. The plate has two
gaps and, on comparison with the skull of the unknown man, these have
been found by the police surgeon to correspond with two groups of
remaining teeth. Moreover, the artificial teeth found in the ashes all seem to
belong to a lower plate. The presence of this plate, so far from the scene of
the man’s death, is extremely difficult to account for.”
As Thorndyke finished reading the extract he looked at me as if inviting
some comment.
“It is a most remarkable and mysterious affair,” said I, “and naturally
recalls to my mind the hypothetical case that you suggested yesterday. If
that case was possible then, it is actually probable now. It fits these new
facts perfectly, not only in respect of the abundant means of identification,
but even to this dental plate—if we assume that he took the poison as he
was approaching the rick, and that the poison was of an acrid or irritating

character which caused him to cough or retch. And I can think of no other
plausible explanation.”
“There are other possibilities,” said Thorndyke, “but fraudulent suicide is
certainly the most probable theory on the known facts. But we shall see. As
you say, the body can hardly fail to be identified at a pretty early date.”
As a matter of fact it was identified in the course of that same day. Both
Thorndyke and I were busily engaged until evening in the courts and
elsewhere and had not had time to give this curious case any consideration.
But as we walked home together, we encountered Mr. Stalker of the Griffin
Life Assurance Company pacing up and down King’s Bench Walk near the
entry of our chambers.
“Ha!” he exclaimed, striding forward to meet us near the Mitre Court
gateway, “you are just the very men I wanted to see. There is a little matter
that I want to consult you about. I shan’t detain you long.”
“It won’t matter much if you do,” said Thorndyke. “We have finished our
routine work for the day and our time is now our own.” He led the way up
to our chambers, where, having given the fire a stir, he drew up three arm-
chairs.
“Now, Stalker,” said he. “Warm your toes and tell us your troubles.”
Mr. Stalker spread out his hands to the blaze and began reflectively: “It
will be enough, I think, if I give you the facts—and most of them you
probably know already. You have heard about this man whose remains were
found in the ashes of a burnt rick? Well, it turns out that he was a certain
Mr. Reginald Reed, an outside broker, as I understand; but what is of more
interest to us is that he was a client of ours. We have issued a policy on his
life for three thousand pounds. I thought I remembered the name when I
saw it in the paper this afternoon, so I looked up our books, and there it
was, sure enough.”
“When was the policy issued?” Thorndyke asked.
“Ah!” exclaimed Stalker. “That’s the exasperating feature of the case.
The policy was issued less than a year ago. He has only paid a single
premium. So we stand to drop practically the whole three thousand. Of
course, we have to take the fat with the lean, but we don’t like to take it in
such precious large lumps.”
“Of course you don’t,” agreed Thorndyke. “But now: you have come to
consult me—about what?”

“Well,” replied Stalker, “I put it to you: isn’t there something obviously
fishy about the case? Are the circumstances normal? For instance, how the
devil came a respectable city gentleman to be smoking his pipe in a
haystack out in a lonely meadow at two o’clock in the morning, or
thereabouts?”
“I agree,” said Thorndyke, “that the circumstances are highly abnormal.
But there is no doubt that the man is dead. Extremely dead, if I may use the
expression. What is the point that you wish to raise?”
“I am not raising any point,” replied Stalker. “We should like you to
attend the inquest and watch the case for us. Of course, in our policies, as
you know, suicide is expressly ruled out; and if this should turn out to have
been a case of suicide——”
“What is there to suggest that it was?” asked Thorndyke.
“What is there to suggest that it wasn’t?” retorted Stalker.
“Nothing,” rejoined Thorndyke. “But a negative plea is of no use to you.
You will have to furnish positive proof of suicide, or else pay the claim.”
“Yes, I realize that,” said Stalker, “and I am not suggesting—but there, it
is of no use discussing the matter while we know so little. I leave the case in
your hands. Can you attend the inquest?”
“I shall make it my business to do so,” replied Thorndyke.
“Very well,” said Stalker, rising and putting on his gloves, “then we will
leave it at that; and we couldn’t leave it in better case.”
When our visitor had gone I remarked to Thorndyke: “Stalker seems to
have conceived the same idea as my learned senior—fraudulent suicide.”
“It is not surprising,” he replied. “Stalker is a shrewd man and he
perceives that when an abnormal thing has happened we may look for an
abnormal explanation. Fraudulent suicide was a speculative possibility
yesterday: to-day, in the light of these new facts, it is the most probable
theory. But mere probabilities won’t help Stalker. If there is no direct
evidence of suicide—and there is not likely to be any—the verdict will be
Death by Misadventure, and the Griffin Company will have to pay.”
“I suppose you won’t do anything until you have heard what transpires at
the inquest?”
“Yes,” he replied. “I think we should do well to go down and just go over
the ground. At present we have the facts at third hand, and we don’t know
what may have been overlooked. As to-morrow is fairly free I propose that
we make an early start and see the place ourselves.”

“Is there any particular point that you want to clear up?”
“No; I have nothing definite in view. The circumstances are compatible
with either accident, suicide or homicide, with an undoubted leaning
towards suicide. But, at present, I have a completely open mind. I am, in
fact, going down to Dartford in the hope of getting a lead in some definite
direction.”

When we alighted at Dartford Station on the following morning,
Thorndyke looked enquiringly up and down the platform until he espied an
inspector, when he approached the official and asked for a direction to the
site of the burnt rick.
The official glanced at Thorndyke’s canvas-covered research-case and at
my binocular and camera as he replied with a smile: “You are not the first,
by a long way, that has asked that question. There has been a regular
procession of Press gentlemen that way this morning. The place is about a
mile from here. You take the foot-path to Joyce Green and turn off towards
the creek opposite Temple Farm. This is about where the rick stood,” he
added, as Thorndyke produced his one-inch ordnance map and a pencil, “a
few yards from that dyke.”
With this direction and the open map we set forth from the station, and
taking our way along the unfrequented path soon left the town behind. As
we crossed the second stile, where the path rejoined the road, Thorndyke
paused to survey the prospect. “Stalker’s question,” he remarked, “was not
unreasonable. This road leads nowhere but to the river, and one does rather
wonder what a city man can have been doing out on these marshes in the
small hours of the morning. I think that will be our objective, where you see
those men at work by the shepherd’s hut, or whatever it is.”
We struck off across the level meadows, out of which arose the red sails
of a couple of barges, creeping down the invisible creek; and as we
approached our objective the shepherd’s hut resolved itself into a
contractor’s office van, and the men were seen to be working with shovels
and sieves on the ashes of the rick. A police inspector was superintending
the operations, and when we drew near he accosted us with a civil inquiry
as to our business.
Thorndyke presented his card and explained that he was watching the
case in the interests of the Griffin Assurance Company. “I suppose,” he
added, “I shall be given the necessary facilities?”

“Certainly,” replied the officer, glancing at my colleague with an odd
mixture of respect and suspicion; “and if you can spot anything that we’ve
overlooked, you are very welcome. It’s all for the public good. Is there
anything in particular that you want to see?”
“I should like to see everything that has been recovered so far. The
remains of the body have been removed, I suppose?”
“Yes, sir. To the mortuary. But I have got all the effects here.”
He led the way to the office—a wooden hut on low wheels—and
unlocking the door, invited us to enter. “Here are the things that we have
salved,” he said, indicating a table covered with white paper on which the
various articles were neatly set out, “and I think it’s about the lot. We
haven’t come on anything fresh for the last hour or so.”
Thorndyke looked over the collection thoughtfully; picked up and
examined successively the two clay pipes—each with the initials “R.R.”
neatly incised on the bowl—the absurd little mascot figure, so incongruous
with its grim surroundings and the tragic circumstances, the distorted keys,
the platinum chain-links to several of which shapeless blobs of gold
adhered, and the crystal seal; and then, collecting the artificial teeth,
arranged them in what appeared to be their correct order, and compared
them with the dental plate.
“I think,” said he, holding the latter in his fingers, “that as the body is not
here, I should like to secure the means of comparison of these teeth with the
skull. There will be no objection to that, I presume?”
“What did you wish to do?” the inspector asked.
“I should like to take a cast of the plate and a wax impression of the loose
teeth. No damage will be done to the originals, of course.”
The inspector hesitated, his natural, official tendency to refuse
permission apparently contending with a desire to see with his own eyes
how the famous expert carried out his mysterious methods of research. In
the end the latter prevailed and the official sanction was given, subject to a
proviso. “You won’t mind my looking on while you do it?”
“Of course not,” replied Thorndyke. “Why should I?”
“I thought that perhaps your methods were a sort of trade secret.”
Thorndyke laughed softly as he opened the research-case. “My dear
Inspector,” said he, “the people who have trade secrets are those who make
a profound mystery of simple processes that any schoolboy could carry out
with once showing. That is the necessity for the secrecy.”

As he was speaking he half-filled a tiny aluminium saucepan with water,
and having dropped into it a couple of cakes of dentist’s moulding
composition, put it to heat over a spirit-lamp. While it was heating he
greased the dental plate and the loose teeth, and prepared the little rubber
basin and the other appliances for mixing the plaster.
The inspector was deeply interested. With almost ravenous attention he
followed these proceedings, and eagerly watched Thorndyke roll the
softened composition into the semblance of a small sausage and press it
firmly on the teeth of the plate; peered into the plaster tin, and when the
liquid plaster was mixed and applied, first to the top and then to the lower
surface of the plate, not only observed the process closely but put a number
of very pertinent questions.
While the plaster and composition were setting Thorndyke renewed his
inspection of the salvage from the rick, picking out a number of iron boot
protectors which he placed apart in a little heap.
Then he proceeded to roll out two flat strips of softened composition, into
one of which he pressed the loose teeth in what appeared to be their proper
order, and into the other the boot protectors—eight in number—after first
dusting the surface with powdered French chalk. By this time the plaster
had set hard enough to allow of the mould being opened and the dental
plate taken out. Then Thorndyke, having painted the surfaces of the plaster
pieces with knotting, put the mould together again and tied it firmly with
string, mixed a fresh bowl of plaster and poured it into the mould.
While this was setting Thorndyke made a careful inventory, with my
assistance, of the articles found in the ashes and put a few discreet questions
to the inspector. But the latter knew very little about the case. His duty was
merely to examine and report on the rick for the information of the coroner.
The investigation of the case was evidently being conducted from head-
quarters. There being no information to be gleaned from the officer we went
out and inspected the site of the rick. But here, also, there was nothing to be
learned; the surface of the ground was now laid bare and the men who were
working with the sieves reported no further discoveries. We accordingly
returned to the hut, and as the plaster had now set hard Thorndyke
proceeded with infinite care to open the mould. The operation was a
complete success, and as my colleague extracted the cast—a perfect replica,
in plaster, of the dental plate—the inspector’s admiration was unbounded.

“Why,” he exclaimed, “excepting for the colour you couldn’t tell one from
the other; but all the same, I don’t quite see what you want it for.”
“I want it to compare with the skull,” replied Thorndyke, “if I have time
to call at the mortuary. As I can’t take the original plate with me, I shall
need this copy to make the comparison. Obviously, it is most important to
make sure that this is Reed’s plate and not that of some other person. By the
way, can you show us the spot where the plate was picked up?”
“Yes,” replied the inspector. “You can see the place from here. It was just
by that gate at the crossing of the ditch.”
“Thank you, Inspector,” said Thorndyke. “I think we will walk down and
have a look at the place.” He wrapped the new cast in a soft cloth, and
having repacked his research case, shook hands with the officer and
prepared to depart.
“You will notice, Jervis,” he remarked as we walked towards the gate,
“that this denture was picked up at a spot beyond the rick—farther from the
town, I mean. Consequently, if the plate is Reed’s, he must have dropped it
while he was approaching the rick from the direction of the river. It will be
worth while to see if we can find out whence he came.”
“Yes,” I agreed. “But the dropping of the plate is a rather mysterious
affair. It must have happened when he took the poison—assuming that he
really did poison himself; but one would have expected that he would wait
until he got to the rick to take his dose.”
“We had better not make too many assumptions while we have so few
facts,” said Thorndyke. He put down his case beside the gate, which
guarded a bridge across a broad ditch, or drainage dyke, and opened his
map.
“The question is,” said he, “did he come through this gate or was he only
passing it. This dyke, you see, opens into the creek about three-quarters of a
mile farther down. The probability is, therefore, that if he came up from the
river across the marshes he would be on this side of the ditch and would
pass the gate. But we had better try both sides. Let us leave our things by
the gate and explore the ground for a few hundred yards, one on either side
of the ditch. Which side will you take?”
I elected to take the side nearer the creek and, having put my camera
down by the research case, climbed over the padlocked gate and began to
walk slowly along by the side of the ditch, scanning the ground for
footprints showing the impression of boot-protectors. At first the surface

was far from favourable for imprints of any kind, being, like that
immediately around the gate, covered with thick turf. About a hundred and
fifty yards down, however, I came upon a heap of worm-casts on which was
plainly visible the print of a heel with a clear impression of a kidney-shaped
protector such as I had seen in the hut. Thereupon I hailed Thorndyke and,
having stuck my stick in the ground beside the heel-print, went back to
meet him at the gate.
“This is rather interesting, Jervis,” he remarked, when I had described my
find. “The inference seems to be that he came from the creek—unless there
is another gate farther down. We had better have our compo impressions
handy for comparison.” He opened his case and taking from it the strip of
composition—now as hard as bone—on which were the impressions of the
boot-protectors, slipped it into his outer pocket. We then took up the case
and the camera and proceeded to the spot marked by my stick.
“Well,” said Thorndyke, “it is not very conclusive, seeing that so many
people use boot-protectors, but it is probably Reed’s footprint. Let us hope
that we shall find something more distinctive farther on.”
We resumed our march, keeping a few yards apart and examining the
ground closely as we went. For a full quarter of a mile we went on without
detecting any trace of a footprint on the thick turf. Suddenly we perceived
ahead of us a stretch of yellow mud occupying a slight hollow, across which
the creek had apparently overflowed at the last spring tide. When we
reached it we found that the mud was nearly dry, but still soft enough to
take an impression; and the surface was covered with a maze of footprints.
We halted at the edge of the patch and surveyed the complicated pattern;
and then it became evident that the whole group of prints had been
produced by two pairs of feet, with the addition of a row of sheep-tracks.
“This seems to raise an entirely new issue,” I remarked.
“It does,” Thorndyke agreed. “I think we now begin to see a definite light
on the case. But we must go cautiously. Here are two sets of footprints, of
which one is apparently Reed’s—to judge by the boot-protectors—while the
other prints have been made by a man, whom we will call X, who wore
boots or shoes with rubber soles and heels. We had better begin by verifying
Reed’s.” He produced the composition strip from his pocket, and, stooping
over one pair of footprints, continued: “I think we may assume that these
are Reed’s feet. We have on the compo strip impressions of eight protectors
from the rick, and on each footprint there are four protectors. Moreover, the

individual protectors are the same on the compo and on the footprints. Thus
the compo shows two pairs of half-protectors, two single edge-pieces, and
two kidney-shaped protectors; while each footprint shows a pair of half-
protectors on the outside of the sole, a single one on the inside and a
kidney-shaped piece on the heel. Furthermore, in both cases the protectors
are nearly new and show no appreciable signs of wear. The agreement is
complete.”
“Don’t you think,” said I, “that we ought to take plaster records of
them?”
“I do,” he replied, “seeing that a heavy shower or a high tide would
obliterate them. If you will make the casts I will, meanwhile, make a careful
drawing of the whole group to show the order of imposition.”
We fell to work forthwith upon our respective tasks, and by the time I
had filled four of the clearest of the footprints with plaster, Thorndyke had
completed his drawing with the aid of a set of coloured pencils from the
research case. While the plaster was setting he exhibited and explained the
drawing.
“You see, Jervis, that there are four lines of prints and a set of sheep-
tracks. The first in order of time are these prints of X, drawn in blue. Then
come the sheep, which trod on X’s footprints. Next comes Reed, alone and
after some interval, for he has trodden both on the sheep-tracks and on the
tracks of X. Both men were going towards the river. Then we have the
tracks of the two men coming back. This time they were together, for their
tracks are parallel and neither treads into the prints of the other. Both tracks
are rather sinuous as if the men were walking unsteadily, and both have
trodden on the sheep-tracks and on the preceding tracks. Next, we have the
tracks of X going alone towards the river and treading on all the others
excepting number four, which are the tracks of X coming from the river and
turning off towards that gate, which opens on to the road. The sequence of
events is therefore pretty clear.
“First, X came along here alone to some destination which we have yet to
discover. Later—how much later we cannot judge—came Reed, alone. The
two men seem to have met, and later returned together, apparently the
worse for drink. That is the last we see of Reed. Next comes X, walking
back—quite steadily, you notice—towards the river. Later, he returns; but
this time, for some reason—perhaps to avoid the neighbourhood of the rick
—he crosses the ditch at that gate, apparently to get on the road, though you

see by the map that the road is much the longer route to the town. And now
we had better get on and see if we can discover the rendezvous to and from
which these two men went and came.”
As the plaster had now set quite hard I picked up the casts, and when I
had carefully packed them in the case we resumed our progress riverwards.
I had already noticed, some distance ahead, the mast of what looked like a
small cutter yacht standing up above the marshes, and I now drew
Thorndyke’s attention to it. But he had already observed it and, like me, had
marked it as the probable rendezvous of the two men. In a few minutes the
probability became a certainty, for a bend in the creek showed us the little
vessel—with the name Moonbeam newly painted on the bow—made fast
alongside a small wooden staging; and when we reached this the bare earth
opposite the gangway was seen to be covered with the footprints of both
men.
“I wonder,” said I, “which of them was the owner of the yacht.”
“It is pretty obvious, I think,” said Thorndyke, “that X was the owner if
either of them was. He came to the yacht alone, and he wore rubber-soled
shoes such as yachtsmen favour; whereas Reed came when the other man
was there, and he wore iron boot-protectors, which no yacht owner would
do if he had any respect for his deck-planks. But they may have had a joint
interest; appearances suggest that they were painting the woodwork when
they were here together, as some of the paint is fresh and some of it old and
shabby.” He gazed at the yacht reflectively for some time and then
remarked: “It would be interesting—and perhaps instructive—to have a
look at the inside.”
“It would be a flagrant trespass, to put it mildly,” said I.
“It would be more than trespass if that padlock is locked,” he rejoined.
“But we need not take a pedantic view of the legal position. My learned
friend has a serviceable pair of glasses and commands an unobstructed view
of a mile or so; and if he maintains an observant attitude while I make an
inspection of the premises any trifling irregularity will be of no
consequence.” As he spoke he felt in his pocket and produced an instrument
which our laboratory assistant, Polton, had made from a few pieces of stiff
steel wire, and which was euphemistically known as a smoker’s companion.
With this appliance in his hand he dropped down on to the yacht’s deck, and
after a quick look round, tried the padlock. Finding it locked he proceeded
to operate on it with the smoker’s companion, and in a few moments it fell

open, when he pushed back the sliding hatch and stepped down into the
little cabin.
His exploration did not take long. In a few minutes he reappeared and
climbed the short ladder to the staging. “There isn’t much to see,” he
reported, “but what there is is highly suggestive. If you slip down and have
a look round, I think you will have no difficulty in forming a plausible
reconstruction of the recent events. You had better take the camera. There is
light enough for a time exposure.”
I handed him the glasses, and dropping on to the deck, stepped down
through the open hatch into the cabin. It was an absurd little cave, barely
four feet high from the floor to the coach-roof, open to the forepeak and
lighted by a little skylight and two port-holes. Of the two sleeping berths,
one had evidently been used as a seat, while the other appeared to have
been slept in, to judge by the indented pillow and the tumbled blankets, left
just as the occupant had crawled out of them. But the whole interior was in
a state of squalid disorder. Paint-pots and unwashed brushes lay about the
floor, in company with a couple of whisky-bottles—one empty and one
half-full—two tumblers, a pair of empty siphons and a litter of playing
cards scattered broadcast and evidently derived from two packs. It was, as
Thorndyke had said, easy to reconstruct the scene of sordid debauchery that
the light of the two candles—each in its congealed pool of grease—must
have displayed on that night of horror whose dreadful secret had been
disclosed by the ashes of the rick. But I could see nothing that would enable
me to give a name to the dead man’s mysterious companion.
When I had completed my inspection and taken a photograph of the
interior, I rejoined Thorndyke, who then descended and replaced the
padlock on the closed hatch, relocking it with the invaluable smoker’s
companion.
“Well, Jervis,” said he, as we turned our faces towards the town, “it
seems as if we had accomplished our task, so far as Stalker is concerned. It
is still possible that this was a case of suicide, but it is no longer probable.
All the appearances point to homicide. I think my learned friend will agree
with me in that.”
“Undoubtedly,” I replied. “And to me there is a strong suggestion of
premeditation. I take it that X, the owner of the yacht, enticed Reed out
here, possibly to prepare for a cruise; that the two men worked at the
repainting while the daylight lasted and then spent the evening drinking and

gambling. The fact that they used two packs of cards suggests that they
played for pretty heavy stakes. Then, I think, Reed became drunk and X
offered to see him safely off the marshes. It is evident that X was not drunk,
because, although both tracks appear unsteady when the men were walking
together, the tracks of X, returning to the yacht are quite steady and straight.
I should say that the actual murder took place just after they had got over
the gate; that Reed’s false teeth fell out while his body was being dragged to
the rick, and that this was unnoticed by X owing to the darkness. Then X
dragged the body up the ladder and laid it in the middle of the rick at the
top, set fire to the rick—probably on the lee side—and at once made off
back to the yacht. There he passed the night, and in the morning he returned
to the town along the road, giving the neighbourhood of the rick a wide
berth. That is my reading of the evidence.”
“Yes,” said Thorndyke, “that seems to be the interpretation of the facts.
And now all that remains is to give a name to the mysterious X, and I
should think that will present no difficulties.”
“Are you proposing to inspect the remains at the mortuary?” I asked.
“No,” he replied. “It would be interesting, but it is not necessary. We
have all the available data for identification, and our concern is now not
with Reed but with X. We had better get back to London.”
On our arrival at the station, we found the book-stall keeper in the act of
sticking up a placard of the evening paper on which was the legend:
“Rick tragedy; Sensational development.”
We immediately provided ourselves each with a copy of the paper, and
sitting down on a seat, proceeded to read the heavily-leaded report.
“A new and startling aspect has been given to the rick tragedy by some
further inquiries that the police have made. It seems that the dead man,
Reed, was a member of the firm of Reed and Jarman, outside brokers, and it
now transpires that his partner, Walter Jarman, is also missing. There has
been no one at the office this week, but the caretaker states that on Monday
evening at about eight o’clock, he saw Mr. Jarman let himself into the office
with his key (the rick was first seen to be on fire at two o’clock on Monday
morning). It appears that three cheques, payable to the firm and endorsed by
Jarman, were paid into the bank—Patmore’s—by the first post on Tuesday
morning, and that, also on Tuesday morning, Jarman purchased a parcel of
diamonds of just over a thousand pounds in value from a diamond merchant
in Hatton Garden, who accepted a cheque in payment after telephoning to

the bank. It further appears that on the previous Saturday morning, Reed
and Jarman visited the bank together and drew out in cash practically their
whole balance, leaving only thirty-two pounds. The diamond merchant’s
cheque was met by the cheques that had just been paid in. It is premature to
make any comments, but we may expect some strange disclosures at the
inquest, which will be held at Dartford the day after to-morrow.”
“I assume,” said I, “that the identity of X is no longer a mystery. It looks
as if these two men had agreed to realize their assets and abscond, and had
then spent the night gambling for the swag, and oddly enough, Reed
appears to have been the winner, for otherwise there would have been no
need to murder him.”
“That is so,” Thorndyke agreed, “assuming that X is Jarman, which is
probable, though not certain. But we mustn’t go beyond our facts, and we
mustn’t construct theories from newspaper reports. I think we had better
call at Scotland Yard on our way home and verify those particulars.”
The report and our own observations occupied us during the journey to
London, though our discussion produced no further conclusions. As soon as
we arrived at Charing Cross, Thorndyke sprang out of the train, and
emerging from the station, walked swiftly towards Whitehall.
Our visit was fortunately timed, for as we approached the entrance to the
headquarters, our old friend, Superintendent Miller, came out. He smiled as
he saw us and halted to utter the laconic query: “Rick Case?”
“Yes,” replied Thorndyke. “We have come to verify the particulars given
in the evening paper. Have you seen the report?”
“Yes; and you may take it as correct. Anything else?”
“I should have liked to look over a series of the cheques drawn by the
firm. The last two, I suppose, are inaccessible?”
“Yes. They will be at the bank, and we couldn’t inspect them without an
order of the Court. But, as to the others, if they are at the office, I think you
could see them. I’ll come along with you now if you like, and have a look
round myself. Our people are in possession.”
We at once closed with the superintendent’s offer and proceeded with
him by the Underground Railway to the Mansion House, from whence we
made our way to Queen Victoria Street, where Reed and Jarman had their
offices. A sergeant was in charge at the moment, and to him the
superintendent addressed himself.
“Have you found any returned cheques?”

“Yes, sir,” replied the sergeant; “lots of ’em. We’ve been through them
all.”
As he spoke he produced several bundles of cheques and laid them on a
desk, the drawers of which all stood open.
“Well,” said Miller, “there they are, Doctor. I don’t know what you want
to find out, but I expect you do.” He placed a chair by the desk, and as
Thorndyke sat down and proceeded to turn the cheques over, he watched
him with politely-suppressed curiosity.
“It appears,” said Thorndyke, “as if these two men had mixed up their
private affairs with the business account. Here, for instance, is a cheque
drawn by Reed for the Picardy Wine Company. But that company could
hardly have been a client. And this one of Jarman’s for the Secretary of the
St. John’s Nursing Home must be a private cheque, and so I should say are
these two for F. Waller, Esq., F.R.C.S., and for Andrew Darton, Esq., L.D.S.
They are drawn for professional men and both are—like the Nursing Home
cheque—stated in even amounts of guineas, whereas the business cheques
are in uneven amounts of pounds, shillings and pence.”
“I think you are right, sir,” said Miller. “The business seems to have been
conducted in a very casual manner. And just look at those signatures! Never
twice alike. The banks hate that sort of thing, naturally. When a customer
signs in the signature book he has given a specimen for reference and he
ought to keep to it strictly. A man who varies his signature is asking for
trouble.”
“He is,” Thorndyke agreed, as he rapidly entered a few particulars of the
cheques in his note-book; “particularly in the case of a firm with a staff of
clerks.”
He stood up, and having pocketed his notebook, held out his hand.
“I am very much obliged to you, Superintendent,” he said.
“Seen all that you wanted to see?” Miller asked.
“Thank you, yes,” Thorndyke replied.
“I should very much like to know what you have seen,” Miller rejoined;
to which my colleague replied by waving his hand towards the cheques, as
he turned to go.
“I don’t quite see the bearing of those cheques on our inquiry,” I said, as
we took our way homeward along Cheapside.
“It is not very direct,” Thorndyke replied; “but the cheques help us to
understand the characters of these two men and their relations with one

another; which may be very necessary when we come to the inquest.”
During the following day I saw very little of Thorndyke, for our
excursion to Dartford had put our work somewhat in arrear and we had to
secure a free day for the inquest on the morrow. We met at dinner after the
day’s work, but, beyond settling the programme for the next day, nothing of
importance passed with reference to the “Rick Case.”

The opening phases of the inquest, though of thrilling interest to the
numerous spectators and Press men, did not particularly concern us. The
evidence of the rural constable, the farmer and the police inspector—with
whom Thorndyke had a little confidential talk and apparently surprised the
officer considerably—merely amplified what we knew already. Of more
interest was that of a local dentist who testified to having examined the
dental plate and to having compared it with the skull of the dead man. “The
plate and the jaw of deceased,” he said, “agree completely. The jaw
contains five natural teeth in two groups, and the plate has two spaces
which exactly correspond to those two groups of teeth. I have tried the plate
on the jaw and have no doubt whatever that it belonged to deceased.”
“That is a very important fact,” Thorndyke remarked to me as the witness
retired. “It is the indispensable link in the chain.”
“But surely it was obvious?” said I.
“No doubt,” he replied. “But now it is proved and in evidence.”
I was somewhat puzzled by Thorndyke’s remark, but the appearance of a
new witness forbade discussion. Mr. Arthur Gerrard was an alert-looking,
rather tall man, with bushy, Mephistophelian eyebrows and a small, dark
moustache, who wore a pair of large bifocal spectacles, and to whom a
small mole at the corner of the mouth imparted the effect of a permanent
one-sided smile.
“It was on your information,” said the coroner, “that the identity of the
deceased was established.”
“Yes,” replied the witness, who spoke with a slight, but perceptible, Irish
accent. “I saw the description in the papers of the things that had been
found in the rick and at once recognized them as Reed’s. I knew deceased
intimately and had often noticed his peculiar watch-chain and the little
china mascot and seen him smoking the clay pipe with his initials scratched
on it; and I knew that he wore false teeth.”
“Did you meet him frequently?”

“Oh, yes. For more than a year he was my partner in business, and we
remained friends after I had dissolved the partnership.”
“Why did you dissolve the partnership?”
“I had to. Reed was impossible in a business sense. He gambled
incessantly in stocks and I had to pay his losses. I lent him, for this purpose,
at one time and another, over two thousand pounds. He gave me bills for the
loans, but he was never able to meet them, and in the end, when we
dissolved, I got him to insure his life for three thousand pounds and to draw
up a document making his debt to me the first charge on his estate in the
event of his death.”
“Had you ever any reason to suppose that he contemplated suicide?”
“None whatever. After he left me, he entered into partnership with a Mr.
Walter Jarman, and whenever I met him, he seemed to be quite happy and
contented, though I gathered that he was still gambling a good deal. I saw
him a week ago to-day and he then told me that he proposed to take a short
yachting holiday with his partner, who owned a small cutter. That was the
last time that I saw him alive.”
As the witness was about to retire, Thorndyke rose, and having obtained
the coroner’s permission to cross-examine, asked:
“You have spoken of a yacht. Do you know what her name is and where
she has been kept lately?”
“Her name is the Moonbeam, and I believe Jarman kept her somewhere
in the Thames, but I don’t know where.”
“And as to Jarman himself: what do you know about him, as to his
character, for instance?”
“I knew him very slightly. He appeared to be rather a dissipated man.
Drank a good deal, I should say, and I think he was a bit of a gambler.”
“Do you know if he was a heavy smoker?”
“He didn’t smoke at all, but he was an inveterate snuff-taker.”
At this point the foreman of the jury interposed with the audible remark
that “he didn’t see what this had to do with the inquiry,” and the coroner
looked dubiously at Thorndyke; but as my colleague sat down, the objection
was not pursued.
The next witness was the caretaker of the building in which Reed and
Jarman’s office was situated. His evidence was to the effect that on the
previous Monday evening at about eight o’clock, he saw Mr. Jarman let
himself into the office with his key. “I don’t know how long he stayed

there,” he continued, in reply to the coroner’s question. “I had finished my
work and was going up to my rooms at the top of the building. I didn’t see
him again.”
“Did you notice anything unusual in his appearance?” asked Thorndyke,
rising to cross-examine. “Was his face at all flushed, for instance?”
“I couldn’t say. I was going up the stairs and I just looked back over my
shoulder when I heard him. His face was turned away from me.”
“But you had no difficulty in recognizing him?”
“No: I should have known him a mile off. He had his overcoat on, and it
is a very peculiar overcoat—light brown with a sort of greenish check. You
couldn’t possibly mistake it.”
“What should you say was Mr. Jarman’s height?”
“About five feet nine or ten, I should say.”
Here the foreman of the jury again interposed. “Aren’t we wasting time,
sir?” he inquired impatiently. “These details about Jarman may be very
important to the police, but they don’t concern us. We are inquiring into the
death of Mr. Reginald Reed.”
The coroner looked deprecatingly at Thorndyke and remarked: “There is
some truth in what the foreman says.”
“I submit, sir,” replied Thorndyke, “that there is no truth in it at all. We
are not inquiring into the death of Reginald Reed, but into that of a man
whose remains were found in a burned rick.”
“But the body has been identified as that of Reginald Reed.”
“Then,” said Thorndyke, “I submit that it has been wrongly identified. I
suggest that the body is that of Walter Jarman and I am prepared to produce
witnesses who will prove that it is.”
“But,” exclaimed the coroner, “we have just heard the evidence of a
witness who states that he saw Jarman alive eighteen hours after the rick
was fired.”
“I beg your pardon, sir,” said Thorndyke. “We have heard the witness say
that he saw Jarman’s overcoat. He expressly stated that he did not see the
man’s face.”
The coroner hastily conferred with the jury—who openly scoffed at
Thorndyke’s suggestion—and then said: “I find what you say perfectly
incredible and so do the jury. It is utterly irreconcilable with the facts. You
had better call your witnesses and let us dispose of this extraordinary
suggestion.”

Thorndyke bowed to the coroner and called Mr. Andrew Darton;
whereupon a middle-aged man of markedly professional aspect came
forward and, having been sworn, gave evidence as follows:
“I am a dental surgeon. A little over two years ago, Mr. Walter Jarman
was under my care. I extracted some loose teeth from both jaws and made
him two plates—an upper and a lower.”
“Could you identify those plates?”
“Yes. I have with me the plaster model on which those plates were
made.” He opened a bag and produced a plaster cast of a pair of jaws fitted
with a brass hinge so that the jaws could be opened and shut. On the upper
jaw were two groups of teeth separated by a space of bare gums, while the
lower jaw bore a single group of four front teeth.
“This model,” the witness explained, “is an exact replica of the patient’s
jaws, and the two plates were actually moulded on it.” He picked up the
dental plate from the table, and amidst a hush of breathless expectancy,
opened the mouth of the model and applied the plate to the upper jaw. At a
glance, it was obvious that it fitted perfectly. The two groups of the plaster
teeth slipped exactly into the spaces on the plate, making a complete row of
teeth. Then the witness covered the lower gums with strips of plastic wax
and taking the loose teeth from the table, attached them to the wax; and
again the correspondence was evident. The teeth thus applied exactly filled
the vacant spaces.
“Can you now identify that plate?” Thorndyke asked.
“Yes,” was the reply. “I am quite certain that this is the plate I made for
Mr. Jarman and that those loose teeth are from his lower plate.”
Thorndyke looked at the coroner, who nodded emphatically. “This
evidence seems perfectly conclusive,” he admitted. “What do you say,
gentlemen?” he added, turning to the jury.
There was no doubt as to their sentiments. With one voice they declared
their complete conviction. Had they not seen the demonstration with their
own eyes?
“And now, sir,” said the coroner, “as you appear to know more than any
one else about this case, and as it is perfectly incomprehensible to me, and
probably also to the jury, I suggest that you give us an explanation. And you
had better make it a sworn statement, so that it can go into the depositions.”
“Yes,” Thorndyke agreed, “especially as I have some evidence to give.”
He was accordingly sworn and then proceeded to make the following

statement:
“The first thing that struck me on reading the report of this case, was the
very remarkable character of the objects found in the ashes of the rick. They
included objects composed of platinum, of pipe-clay, of iron and of
porcelain—all substances practically indestructible by fire. And these
imperishable objects were all highly distinctive and easily identifiable, and
two of them actually bore the initials of their owner. There was almost a
suggestion of the body having been prepared for identification after
burning. This mere suggestion, however, gave place to definite suspicion
when I saw the dental plate. That plate presented a most striking
discrepancy. Here it is, sir, and you see that it is a clean polished plate of red
vulcanite, with not a trace of stain or discoloration. But associated with that
plate were two clay pipes. Now the man who smokes a clay pipe is not only
—as a rule—a heavy smoker, but he smokes strong and dark-coloured
tobacco. And if he wears a dental plate, that plate becomes encrusted with a
black deposit which is very difficult to remove. There is, as you see, no
trace of any such deposit or of any tobacco stain in the interstices of the
teeth. It appeared to be almost certainly the plate of a non-smoker. But if
that were so, it could not be Reed’s. But it had been ascertained by the
police surgeon that it fitted the jaw of the skull and undoubtedly belonged
to the burned body. Consequently if the plate was not Reed’s plate, the skull
was not Reed’s skull, and the body was not Reed’s body. But the watch-
chain was Reed’s, the pipes were his and the mascot was his. That is to say
that the very identifiable and fireproof property of Reed was associated with
the burned body of some other person; that, in other words, the body of
some unknown person had been deliberately prepared to counterfeit the
body of Reed. This offered a further suggestion and raised a question. The
suggestion was that the unknown person had been murdered—presumably
somewhere near the spot where the dental plate was found. The question
was—What was the object of causing the body to counterfeit that of Reed?
“Now, I knew, from the assurance company, that Reed had insured his
life for three thousand pounds. Therefore, somebody stood to gain three
thousand pounds by his death. The question was—Who was that
somebody? I proceeded to make certain investigations on the spot;” and
here Thorndyke gave a summary of our discoveries on the marsh and on the
yacht. “It thus appeared,” he continued, “that there were two men on the
marshes that night, going towards the rick. One of them was the person

whose body was found in the ashes; the other, who went back alone to the
yacht, was presumably the person who stood to gain three thousand pounds
by Reed’s death.”
“Have you formed any opinion as to who that person was?” the coroner
asked.
“Yes,” replied Thorndyke. “I have very little doubt that he was Reginald
Reed.”
“But,” exclaimed the coroner, “we have heard in evidence that it was Mr.
Arthur Gerrard who stood to gain the three thousand pounds!”
“Precisely,” said Thorndyke; and for awhile he and the coroner looked at
one another without speaking.
Suddenly the latter cast a searching look around the court. “Where is Mr.
Gerrard?” he demanded.
“He left the court about ten minutes ago,” said Thorndyke; “and the
police inspector left immediately afterwards. I had advised him not to lose
sight of Mr. Gerrard.”
“Then I take it that you suspect Gerrard of being in collusion with
Reed?”
“I suspect that Arthur Gerrard and Reginald Reed are one and the same
person.”
As Thorndyke made this statement, a murmur of astonishment arose from
the jurymen and the spectators. The coroner, after a few moments’ puzzled
reflection, remarked: “You are not forgetting that Reed’s caretaker was
present while Gerrard was giving his evidence?” Then, turning to the
caretaker, he asked: “What do you say? Was that Mr. Reed who gave
evidence under the name of Gerrard?”
The caretaker, who had evidently been thinking furiously, was by no
means confident. “I should say not,” he replied, “unless he was made up a
good deal. He was certainly about the same height and build and colour; but
he had a moustache, whereas Mr. Reed was clean-shaved; he had a mole on
his face, which Mr. Reed hadn’t; he had bushy eyebrows, whereas Mr. Reed
had hardly any eyebrows to speak of; and he wore spectacles, which Mr.
Reed didn’t, and he spoke like an Irishman, whereas Mr. Reed was English.
Still it is possible——”
Before he could finish, the door rattled to a heavy concussion. Then it
flew open, and Mr. Gerrard staggered into the room, thrust forward by the
police inspector. His appearance was marvellously changed, for he had lost

his spectacles, and one of his eyebrows had disappeared, as had also the
mole and a portion of the built-up moustache. The caretaker started up with
an exclamation, but at this moment Gerrard, with a violent effort, wrenched
himself free. The inspector sprang forward to recapture him. But he was too
late. The prisoner’s hand flew upwards; there was a ringing report; and
Arthur Gerrard—or Reginald Reed—fell back across a bench with a trickle
of blood on his temple and a pistol still clutched in his hand.
“And so,” said Stalker, when he called on us the next day for details, “it
was a suicide after all. Very lucky, too, seeing that there was no provision in
the policy for death by judicial hanging.”

THE END

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES
This book was published as Dr. Thorndyke’s Case-Book in the UK.
Minor spelling inconsistencies (e.g. footpath/foot-path, finger
prints/finger-prints, etc.) have been preserved.

Alterations to the text:
Abandon the use of drop-caps.
Adjust some quotation mark pairings/nestings.
Capitalize several instances of doctor and superintendent when used in
direct addresses.
[Chapter I]
Change “That may have been lapis luzuli, but more probably” to lazuli.
“As any rate, it is an heirloom, and I am loath to lose it” to At.
(“Here is the Blowgraves’ place,” said Thorndyke. “nearly in the…”)
change the period to a comma.
[Chapter II]
(“I think so, excepting that I learn from Foxton that…”) to learned.
[Chapter III]
“we reached a rather dark first-door landing where” to floor.
“Now what West Central place names end in ‘n.’ It was not a street…”
change the period to a question mark.
[Chapter V]
(“who would successfully practise the scientific detection…”) to
practice.
“a small telescopic jemmy, a jointed augur, a screwdriver and…” to
auger.
(“He must be pretty tough. Shall we be able to see him.”) change the
second period to a question mark.
“He continued to advance at any easy pace, and I noticed that” to an.

[Chapter VI]
“And there’s something queer agoing on aboard of her” to a-going.
(“This’ll do your trick, master. Here comes a Customs cruiser.”) to
mister.
[Chapter VII]
“Who is to contest his family’s claim.” change the period to a question
mark.

[End of text]

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