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Title: Notes and Queries, Number 219, January 7, 1854

Author: Various

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Most recently updated: January 4, 2021

Language: English

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND
QUERIES, NUMBER 219, JANUARY 7, 1854 ***

NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,
ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
"When found, make a note of."—Captain Cuttle.

Price Fourpence.
Vol. IX.—No.
Saturday, January 7. 1854 Stamped Edition
219.
5d.

CONTENTS.

Page

Our Ninth Volume 3

Notes:—

A Strawberry-Hill Gem, by Bolton Corney 3

The "Ancren Riwle," by Sir F. Madden 5

Order for the Suppression of Vagrancy, A.D. 1650-51, by John Bruce 6

Letters of Eminent Literary Men, by Sir Henry Ellis 7

Burial-place of Archbishop Leighton, by Albert Way 8

Minor Notes:—Grammars, &c. for Public Schools—"To
captivate"—Bohn's Edition of Matthew of Westminster—French
8
Season Rhymes and Weather Rhymes—Curious Epitaph in
Tillingham Church, Essex

Queries:—

Domestic Letters of Edmund Burke 9

Minor Queries:—Farrant's Anthem—Ascension Day Custom—
Sawbridge and Knight's Numismatic Collections—"The spire whose
silent finger points to heaven."—Lord Fairfax—Tailless Cats—
9
Saltcellar—Arms and Motto granted to Col. William Carlos—Naval
Atrocities—Turlehydes—Foreign Orders: Queen of Bohemia—
Pickard Family—Irish Chieftains—General Braddock

Minor Queries with Answers:—Lawless Court, Rochford, Essex—
Motto on old Damask—Explanation of the Word "Miser"—"Acis and 11
Galatea"—Birm-bank—General Thomas Gage

Replies:—

Rapping no Novelty, by Rev. Dr. Maitland 12

Occasional Forms of Prayer, by John Macray 13

Celtic and Latin Languages 14

Geometrical Curiosity, by Professor De Morgan 14

The Black-guard, by P. Cunningham 15

The Calves' Head Club, by Edward Peacock 15

Photographic Correspondence:— The Calotype Process—Hockin's
16
Short Sketch—Photographic Society's Exhibition

Replies to Minor Queries:—"Firm was their faith," &c.—Vellum-
cleaning—Wooden Tombs—Solar Eclipse in the Year 1263—Lines
on Woman—Satin—"Quid facies," &c.—Sotades—The Third Part of
17
"Christabel"—Attainment of Majority—Lord Halifax and Mrs. C.
Barton—The fifth Lord Byron—Burton Family—Provost Hodgson's
Translation of the Atys of Catullus, &c.

Miscellaneous:—

Notes on books, &c. 21

Books and Odd Volumes wanted 21

Notices to Correspondents 22

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LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 1854.

OUR NINTH VOLUME.

The commencement of a New Year, and of our Ninth Volume, imposes
upon Us the pleasant duty of wishing many happy returns of the season to
all our Friends, Correspondents, and Readers.

Those of the latter class, who have so earnestly impressed upon Us the
propriety and advisableness of placing our Advertisements on the outside
leaves of each Number, will see that their wishes have at length been
complied with. We trust they will be pleased with this change, and receive it
as a proof of our readiness to attend to every reasonable suggestion for the
improve of "Notes and Queries." We can assure them that it is no less our
desire to do so than our interest.

Notes.
A STRAWBERRY-HILL GEM.

"Pour qui se donne la peine de chercher, il y a toujours quelque
trouvaille à faire, même dans ce qui a été le plus visité.—Henry Patin.

I take up a work of European celebrity, and reflect awhile on its
bibliographic peculiarities—which may almost pass for romance.

It is a Scottish work with regard to the family connexion of its author: it is
an Irish work with regard to the place of his nativity. It is an English work
as to the scenes which it represents; a French work as to the language in
which it was written; a Dutch work as to the country in which it came to
light. It was formerly printed anonymously: it has since borne the name of
its author. It was formerly printed for public sale: it has been twice printed
for private circulation. It was formerly classed as fiction: it is now believed
to be history.

But we have too many enigmas in the annals of literature, and I must not
add to the number. The work to which I allude is the Mémoires du comte de
Grammont par le comte Antoine Hamilton.

The various indications of a projected re-impression of the work remind me
of my portefeuille Hamiltonien, and impose on me the task of a partial
transcription of its contents.

Of the numerous editions of the Mémoires de Grammont as recorded by
Brunet, Renouard, or Quérard, or left unrecorded by those celebrated
bibliographers, I shall describe only four; which I commend to the critical
examination of future editors:

1. "Mémoires de la vie du comte de Grammont; contenant
particuliérement l'histoire amoureuse de la cour d'Angleterre, sous le

regne de Charles II. A Cologne, chez Pierre Marteau, 1713. 12o, pp. 4
+ 428.

"Avis du libraire.—Il seroit inutile de recommander ici la lecture des
mémoires qui composent ce volume: le titre seul de Mémoires du
comte de Grammont réveillera sans doute la curiosité du public pour
un homme qui lui est déjà si connu d'ailleurs, tant par la réputation
qu'il a sçu se faire, que par les différens portraits qu'en ont donnez Mrs.
de Bussi et de St. Evremont, dans leurs ouvrages; et l'on ne doute
nullement qu'il ne reçoive, avec beaucoup de plaisir, un livre, dans
lequel on lui raconte ses avantures, sur ce qu'il en a bien voulu raconter
lui-même à celui qui a pris la peine de dresser ces mémoires.

"Outre les avantures du comte de Grammont, ils contiennent
particuliè[re]ment l'histoire amoureuse de la cour d'Angleterre, sous le
regne de Charles II; et, comme on y découvre quantité de choses, qui
ont été tenues cachées jusqu'à présent, et qui font voir jusqu'à quel
excès on a porté le déréglement dans cette cour, ce n'est pas le morceau
le moins intéressant de ces mémoires.

"On les donne ici sur une copie manuscrite, qu'on en a reçue de Paris:
et on les a fait imprimer avec le plus d'exactitude qu'il a été possible."

The above is the first edition. The imprint is fictitious. It was much used by
the Elzévirs, and by other Dutch printers. The second edition, with the same
imprint, is dated in 1714 (Cat. de Guyon de Sardière, No. 939.). The third
edition was printed at Rotterdam in 1716. The avis is omitted in that
edition, and in all the later impressions which I have seen. Its importance as
a history of the publication induces one to revive it. There is also an edition
printed at Amsterdam in 1717 (Cat. de Lamy, No. 3918.); and another at La
Haye in 1731 (Cat. de Rothelin, No. 2534*). Brunet omits the edition of
1713. Renouard and Quérard notice it too briefly.

2. "Memoires du comte de Grammont, par monsieur le comte Antoine
Hamilton. Nouvelle edition, augmentée d'un discours préliminaire
mêlé de prose et de vers, par le même auteur, et d'un avertissement
contenant quelques anecdotes de la vie du comte Hamilton. A Paris,

chez la veuve Pissot, Quay de Conti, à la croix d'or. 1746." 12o. pp. 24
+ 408.

"Avertissement. Le public a fait un accueil si favorable à ces
Mémoires, que nous avons crû devoir en procurer une nouvelle edition.
Outre les avantures du comte de Grammont, très-piquantes par elles-
mêmes, ils contiennent l'histoire amoureuse d'Angleterre sous le regne
de Charles II. Ils sont d'ailleurs écrits d'une maniére si vive et si
ingénieuse, qu'ils ne laisseroient pas de plaire infiniment, quand la
matiére en seroit moins interessante.

"Le héros de ces Mémoires a trouvé dans le comte Hamilton un
historien digne de lui. Car on n'ignore plus qu'ils sont partis de la
même main à qui l'on doit encore d'autres ouvrages frappés au même
coin.

"Nous avons enrichi cette edition d'un discours mêlé de prose et de
vers, où l'on exagére la difficulté qu'il y a de bien répresenter le comte
de Grammont. On reconnoîtra facilement que ce discours est du même
auteur que les Mémoires, et qu'il devoit naturellement en orner le
frontispice. Au reste il ne nous appartient point d'en apprécier le
mérite. Nous dirons seulement que des personnes d'un goût sûr et
délicat le comparent au Voyage de Chapelle, et qu'ils y trouvent les
mêmes graces, le même naturel et la même légereté.

"Il ne nous reste plus qu'à dire un mot de M. Hamilton lui-même,
auteur de ces mémoires, et du discours qui les précede.

"Antoine Hamilton dont nous parlons, étoit de l'ancienne et illustre
maison de ce nom en Ecosse. Il nâquit en Irlande. Il eut pour pére le
chevalier Georges Hamilton, petit-fils du duc d'Hamilton, qui fut aussi
duc de Châtelleraud en France.

"Sa mére étoit madame Marie Butler, sœur du duc d'Ormond, viceroi
d'Irlande, et grand maître de la maison du roi Charles.

"Dans les révolutions qui arrivérent du tems de Cromwel, ils suivirent
le roi et le duc d'Yorck son frére qui passérent en France. Ils y

amenérent leur famille. Antoine ne faisoit à peine que de naître.

"Lorsque le roi fut rétabli sur son trône, il ramena en Angleterre les
jeux et la magnificence. On voit dans les mémoires de Grammont
combien cette cour étoit brillante; la curiosité y attira le comte de
Grammont. Il y vit mademoiselle d'Hamilton, il ne tarda pas à sentir le
pouvoir de ses charmes, il l'épousa enfin; et c'est la tendresse
qu'Antoine avoit pour sa sœur, qui l'engagea à faire plusieurs voyages
en France, où il étoit élevé, et où il a passé une partie de sa vie.

"M. Antoine Hamilton étant catholique, il ne put obtenir d'emploi en
Angleterre; et rien ne fut capable d'ébranler ni sa religion, ni la fidélité
qu'il devoit à son roi.

"Le roi Jaques étant monté sur le trône, il lui donna un regiment
d'infanterie en Irlande et le gouvernement de Limeric. Mais ce prince,
ayant été obligé de quitter ses etats le comte Hamilton repassa avec la
famille royale en France. C'est-là et pendant le long séjour qu'il y a
fait, qu'il a composé les divers ouvrages qui lui ont acquis tant de
réputation. Il mourut à S. Germain le 21 Avril 1720. dans de grands
sentimens de piété, et après avoir reçu les derniers sacremens. Il étoit
âgé alors d'environ 74 ans. Il a mérité les regrets de tous ceux qui
avoient le bonheur de le connoître. Né sérieux, il avoit dans l'esprit
tous les agrémens imaginables; mais ce qui est plus digne de louanges,
à ces agrémens, qui vent frivoles sans la vertu, il joignoit toutes les
qualitéz du cœur."

If the above avertissement first appeared in 1746, which I have much reason
to conclude, this is certainly a very important edition. The biographical
portion of the advertisement is the foundation of the later memoirs of
Hamilton. In the Moréri of 1759, we have it almost verbatim, but taken
from the Œuvres du comte Antoine Hamilton, 1749. Neither Brunet, nor
Renouard, nor Quérard notice the edition of 1746. The copy which I have
examined has the book-plate G. III. R.

3. "Memoires du comte de Grammont, par le C. Antoine Hamilton.
1760." [De l'imprimerie de Didot, rue Pavée, 1760.] 12o. I. partie, pp.
36 + 316. II. partie, pp. 4 + 340.

This edition has the same avertissement as that of 1746. The imprint is
M.DCC.LX. The type resembles our small pica, and the paper has the water-
mark Auvergne 1749. At the end of the second part appears, De l'imprimerie
de Didot, rue Pavée, 1760. This must be M. François Didot of Paris. I find
the same colophon in the Bibliographie instructive, 1763-8. v. 631. This
very neat edition has also escaped the aforesaid bibliographic trio!

4. "Memoires du comte de Grammont, par monsieur le comte Antoine
Hamilton. Nouvelle edition, augmentée de notes et d'eclaircissemens
necessaires, par M. Horace Walpole. Imprimée à Strawberry-Hill.
1772." 4o, pp. 24 + 294. 3 portraits.

[Dedication.] "À madame....

"L'éditeur vous consacre cette édition, comme un monument de son
amitié, de son admiration, et de son respect; à vous, dont les grâces,
l'esprit, et le goût retracent au siècle présent le siècle de Louis quatorze
et les agrémens de l'auteur de ces mémoires."

Such are the inscriptions on the Strawberry-Hill gem. Much has been said
of its brilliancy—and so, for the sake of novelty, I shall rather dwell on its
flaws.

The volume was printed at the private press of M. Horace Walpole at
Strawberry-Hill, and the impression was limited to one hundred copies, of
which thirty were sent to Paris. So much for its attractions—now for its
flaws. In reprinting the dedication to madame du Deffand, I had to insert
eight accents to make decent French of it! The avis is a mere medley of
fragments: I could not ask a compositor to set it up! The avertissement is
copied, without a word of intimation to that effect, from the edition of 1746.
The notes to the épître are also copied from that edition, except L'abbé de
Chaulieu; and two of the notes to the memoirs are from the same source.
The other notes, in the opinion of sir William Musgrave, are in part taken
from an erroneous printed Key. Where are the éclaircissements? I find none
except a list of proper names—of which about one-third part is omitted!

In quoting Brunet, I have used the fourth edition of the Manuel du libraire,
1842-4; in quoting Renouard, I refer to the avis prefixed to the Œuvres du

comte Antoine Hamilton, 1812; in quoting Quérard, to La France littéraire,
1827-39. The other references are to sale catalogues. The titles of the books
described, and the extracts, are given literatim, and, except as above noted,
with the same accentuation and punctuation.

To revert to the question of a new edition: I should prefer the French text,
for various reasons, to any English translation that could be made. That of
Abel Boyer is wretched burlesque!

The chief requirements of a French edition would be, a collation of the
editions of 1713 and 1746—the rectification of the names of persons and
places—a revision of the punctuation—and a strict conformity, as to general
orthography and accentuation, with the Dictionnaire de l'Académie
française, as edited in 1835. The substance of the avis of 1713 might be
stated in a preface; and the avertissement of 1746, a clever composition,
would serve as an introduction and memoir of the author. Those who doubt
its value may consult the Grand dictionnaire historique, and the Biographie
universelle. As one hundred and sixty persons are noticed in the work,
brevity of annotation is very desirable. It would require much research. The
manuscript notes of sir William Musgrave would, however, be very
serviceable—more so, I conceive, than the printed notes of M. Horace
Walpole.

As the indications of a projected re-impression may be fallacious, I shall
conclude with a word of advice to inexperienced collectors. Avoid the jolie
édition printed at Paris by F. A. Didot, par ordre de monseigneur le comte
d'Artois, in 1781. It is the very worst specimen of editorship. Avoid also the
London edition of 1792. The preface is a piratical pasticcio; the verbose
notes are from the most accessible books; the portraits, very unequal in
point of execution, I believe to be chiefly copies of prints—not d'après des
tableaux originaux. The most desirable editions are, 1. The edition of 1760;
2. That of 1772, as a curiosity; 3. That edited by M. Renouard, Paris, 1812,
18o. 2 vols.; 4. That edited by M. Renouard in 1812, 8o. with eight portraits.
The latter edition forms part of the Œuvres du comte Antoine Hamilton in 3
vols. It seldom occurs for sale.
Bolton Corney.

THE "ANCREN RIWLE."

The publication of this valuable semi-Saxon or Early English treatise on the
duties of monastic life, recently put forth by the Camden Society, under the
editorship of the Rev. James Morton, is extremely acceptable, and both the
Society and the editor deserve the cordial thanks of all who are interested in
the history of our language. As one much interested in the subject, and who
many years since entertained the design now so ably executed by Mr.
Morton, I may perhaps be allowed to offer a few remarks on the work itself,
and on the manuscripts which contain it. Mr. Morton is unquestionably right
in his statement that the Latin MS. in Magdalen College, Oxford, No. 67., is
only an abridged translation of the original vernacular text. Twenty-three
years ago I had access to the same MS. by permission of the Rev. Dr.
Routh, the President of Magdalen College, and after reading and making
extracts from it[1], I came to the same conclusion as Mr. Morton. It hardly
admits, I think, of a doubt; for even without the internal evidence furnished
by the Latin copy, the age of the manuscripts containing the Early English
text at once set aside the supposition that Simon of Ghent (Bishop of
Salisbury from 1297 to 1315) was the original author of the work. The copy
in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, I have not seen, but of the three
copies in the British Museum I feel confident that the one marked Cleopatra
C. vi. was actually written before Bishop Simon of Ghent had emerged
from the nursery. This copy is not only the oldest, but the most curious,
from the corrections and alterations made in it by a somewhat later hand,
the chief of which are noticed in the printed edition. The collation, however,
of this MS. might have been, with advantage, made more minutely, for at
present many readings are passed over. Thus, at p. 8., for unweote the
second hand has congoun; at p. 62., for herigen it has preisen; at p. 90., for
on cheafle, it reads o muþe, &c. The original hand has also some
remarkable variations, which would cause a suspicion that this was the first
draft of the author's work. Thus, at p. 12., for scandle, the first hand has
schonde; at p. 62., for baldeliche it reads bradliche; at p. 88., for nout for, it
has anonden, and the second hand aneust; at p. 90., for sunderliche it reads
sunderlepes, &c. All these, and many other curious variations, are not
noticed in the printed edition. On the fly-leaf of this MS. is written, in a
hand of the time of Edward I., as follows: "Datum abbatie et conventui de
Leghe per Dame M. de Clare." The lady here referred to was doubtless

Maud de Clare, second wife of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hereford and
Gloucester, who, at the beginning of the reign of Edward I., is known to
have changed the Augustinian Canons of Leghe, in Devonshire, into an
abbess and nuns of the same order; and it was probably at the same period
she bestowed this volume on them. The conjecture of Mr. Morton, that
Bishop Poore, who died in 1237, might have been the original author of the
Ancren Riwle, is by no means improbable, and deserves farther inquiry. The
error as to Simon of Ghent is due, in the first place, not to Dr. Smith, but to
Richard James (Sir Robert Cotton's librarian), who wrote on the fly-leaves
of all the MSS. in the Cottonian Library a note of their respective contents,
and who is implicitly followed by Smith. Wanley is more blamable, and
does not here evince his usual critical accuracy, but (as remarked by Mr.
Morton) he could only have looked at a few pages of the work. The real fact
seems to be that Simon of Ghent made the abridged Latin version of the
seven books of the Riwle now preserved in Magdalen College, and this
supposition may well enough be reconciled with the words of Leland, who
says of him,—

"Edidit inter cætera, libros septem de Vita Solitaria, ad Virgines
Tarentinas, Duriæ cultrices."—Comment., p. 316.

A second copy of the Latin version was formerly in the Cottonian collection
(Vitellius E. vii.), but no fragment of it has hitherto been recovered from the
mass of burnt crusts and leaves left after the fire of 1731. I am happy,
however, to add, that within the last few months, the manuscript marked
Vitellius F. vii., containing a French translation of the Riwle, made in the
fourteenth century (very closely agreeing with the vernacular text), has been
entirely restored, except that the top margins of the leaves have been burnt
at each end of the volume. This damage has, unfortunately, carried away the
original heading of the treatise, and the title given us by Smith is copied
partly from James's note. This copy of the French version appears to be
unique, and is the more interesting from its having a note at the end (now
half obliterated by the fire), stating that it belonged to Eleanor de Bohun,
Duchess of Gloucester, whose motto is also added, "Plesance. M [mil]. en
vn." The personage in question was Eleanor, daughter of Humphrey de
Bohun, Earl of Hereford, and wife of Thomas of Woodstock, who ended her
days as a nun in the convent at Barking in 1399. Is any other instance

known of the use of this motto? Before I conclude these brief remarks, I
may mention a fifth copy of the Ancren Riwle, which has escaped the notice
of Mr. Morton. It is buried in the enormous folio manuscript of old English
poetry and prose called the Vernon MS., in the Bodleian Library, written in
the reign of Richard II., and occurs at pp. 371b.—392. In the table of
contents prefixed to this volume it is entitled "The Roule of Reclous;" and
although the phraseology is somewhat modernised, it agrees better with the
MS. Cleopatra C. vi, than with Nero A. xiv., from which Mr. Morton's
edition is printed. This copy is not complete, some leaves having been cut
out in the sixth book, and the scribe leaves off at p. 420. of the printed
edition.

It is very much to be wished that Mr. Morton would undertake the task of
editing another volume of legends, homilies, and poems, of the same age as
the Ancren Riwle, still existing in various manuscripts. One of the homilies,
entitled "Sawles Warde," in the Bodley MS. 34., Cott. MS. Titus D. xviii.,
and Old Royal MS. 17A. xxvii., is very curious, and well deserves to be
printed.
F. Madden.
British Museum.
Footnote 1:(return)

At p. viii. of Mr. Morton's preface, for "yerze" (eye), my extracts read "yze."

ORDER FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF VAGRANCY, A.D.
1650-51.

At a time when the question of "What is to be done with our vagrant
children?" is occupying the attention of all men of philanthropic minds, it
may be worth while to give place in your pages to the following order
addressed by the Lord Mayor of London to his aldermen in 1650-51, which
applies, amongst other things, to that very subject. It will be seen that some
of the artifices of beggary in that day were very similar to those with which
we are now but too familiar. The difference of treatment between vagrant
children over and under nine years of age, is worthy of observation.

"By the Mayor.

"Forasmuch as of late the constables of this city have neglected to put
in execution the severall wholsome laws for punishing of vagrants, and
passing them to the places of their last abode, whereby great scandall
and dishonour is brought upon the government of this city; These are
therefore to will and require you, or your deputy, forthwith to call
before you the several constables within your ward, and strictly to
charge them to put in execution the said laws, or to expect the penalty
of forty shillings to be levyed upon their estates, for every vagrant that
shal be found begging in their several precincts. And to the end the
said constables may not pretend ignorance, what to do with the several
persons which they shal find offending the said laws, these are further
to require them, that al aged or impotent persons who are not fit to
work, be passed from constable to constable to the parish where they
dwel; and that the constable in whose ward they are found begging,
shal give a passe under his hand, expressing the place where he or she
were taken, and the place whither they are to be passed. And for
children under five years of age, who have no dwelling, or cannot give
an account of their parents, the parish where they are found are to
provide for them; and for those which shall bee found lying under
stalls, having no habitation or parents (from five to nine years old), are
to be sent to the Wardrobe House[2], to be provided for by the
corporation for the poore; and all above nine years of age are to be
sent to Bridewel. And for men or women who are able to work and goe
begging with young children, such persons for the first time to be
passed to the place of their abode as aforesaid; and being taken againe,
they are to be carryed to Bridewel, to be corrected according to the
discretion of the governours. And for those persons that shal be found
to hire children, or go begging with children not sucking, those
children are to be sent to the several parishes wher they dwel, and the
persons so hiring them to Bridewel, to be corrected and passed away,
or kept at work there, according to the governour's discretion. And for
al other vagrants and beggars under any pretence whatsoever, to be
forthwith sent down to Bridewel to be imployed and corrected,
according to the statute laws of this commonwealth, except before
excepted; and the president and governours of Bridewel are hereby

desired to meet twice every week to see to the execution of this
Precept. And the steward of the workehouse called the Wardrobe, is
authorised to receive into that house such children as are of the age
between five and nine, as is before specified and limited; and the said
steward is from time to time to acquaint the corporation for the poor,
what persons are brought in, to the end they may bee provided for.
Dated this four and twentyeth day of January, 1650.
Sadler."
John Bruce.
Footnote 2:(return)

I suppose this to have been the ancient building known by the name of The Royal, or The
Tower Royal, used for a time as the Queen's Wardrobe. It will be seen that it was occupied
in 1650 as a workhouse.

LETTERS OF EMINENT LITERARY MEN.

Sir,

I send you, as a New Year's Gift for your "N. & Q.," transcripts of half-
a-dozen Letters of Eminent Literary Men, specimens of whose
correspondence it will do your work no discredit to preserve,

Yours faithfully,
Henry Ellis.
British Museum, Dec. 26, 1853.

I.

Dean Swift to * * * * * * *.

[MS. Addit., Brit. Mus., 12,113. Orig.]
Belcamp, Mar. 14th.

Sir,

Riding out this morning to dine here with Mr. Grattan, I saw at his
house the poor lame boy that gives you this: he was a servant to a
plow-man near Lusk, and while he was following the plow, a dog bit
him in the leg, about eleven weeks ago. One Mrs. Price endeavored six
weeks to cure him, but could not, and his Master would maintain him
no longer. Mr. Grattan and I are of opinion that he may be a proper
object to be received into Dr. Stephen's Hospital. The boy tells his
story naturally, and Mr. Grattan and I took pity of him. If you find him
curable, and it be not against the rules of the Hospitall, I hope you will
receive him.

I am, Sir,
Your most humble Servt.
Jonath. Swift.

II.

The Rev. Thomas Baker to Mr. Humphry Wanley.

[Harl. MS. 3778, Art. 43. Orig.]
Cambridge, Oct. 16th [1718].

Worthy Sir

I am glad to hear Mrs. Elstob is in a condition to pay her debts, for me
she may be very easy: tho' I could wish for the sake of the University
(tho' I am no way engaged, having taken up my obligation) that you
could recover the Book, or at least could find where it is lodged, that
Mr. Brook may know where to demand it. This, I presume, may be
done.

If you have met with Books printed by Guttenberg, you have made a
great discovery. I thought there had been none such in the world, and
began to look upon Fust as the first Printer. I have seen the Bishop of
Ely's Catholicon (now with us), which, for aught I know, may have
been printed by Guttenberg; for tho' it be printed at Ments, yet there is
no name of the Printer, and the character is more rude than Fust's

Tullie's Offices, whereof there are two Copies in 1465 and 1466, the
first on vellum, the other on paper.

May I make a small enquiry, after the mention of so great a name as
Guttenberg? I remember, you told me, my Lord Harley had two Copies
of Edw. the Sixth's first Common Prayer Book. Do you remember
whether either of them be printed by Grafton, the King's Printer? I
have seen four or five Editions by Whitchurch, but never could meet
with any by Grafton, except one in my custody, which I shall look
upon to be a great Rarity, if it be likewise wanting to my Lord's
Collection. It varies from all the other Copies, and is printed in 1548.
All the rest, I think, in 1549. One reason of my enquiry is, because I
want the Title, for the date is at the end of the Book, and indeed twice;
both on the end of the Communion Office, and of the Litany. But I beg
your pardon for so small an enquiry, whilst you are in quest of
Guttenberg and Nic. Jenson. My business consists much in trifles.

I am, Sir,
Your most ob. humble
Servant,
Tho. Baker.

To the worthy Mr. Wanley, at the
Riding Hood Shop, the corner
of Chandois and Bedford Streets,
Covent Garden,
London.

A note in Wanley's hand says, "Mrs. Elstob has only paid a few small
scores."

III.

Extract of a Letter from Wm. Bickford, Esq., to the Rev. Mr. Amory of
Taunton, dated Dunsland, March 7, 1731.

[MS. Addit., Brit. Mus., 4309, fol. 358.]

I cannot forbear acquainting you of a very curious passage in relation
to Charles the Second's Restoration. Sir Wm. Morrice, who was one of
the Secretaries of State soon after, was the person who chiefly
transacted that affair with Monk, so that all the papers in order to it
were sent him, both from King Charles and Lord Clarendon. Just after
the thing was finished, Lord Clarendon got more than 200 of these
Letters and other papers from Morrice under pretence of finishing his
History, and which were never returned. Lord Somers, when he was
chancellor, told Morrice's Grandson that if he would file a Bill in
Chancery, he would endeavour to get them; but young Morrice having
deserted the Whig Interest, was prevailed upon to let it drop. This I
know to be fact, for I had it not only from the last-mentioned
Gentleman, but others of that family, especially a son of the
Secretaries. As soon as I knew this, I took the first opportunity of
searching the study, and found some very curious Letters, which one
time or other I design to publish together with the account of that
affair. My mother being Niece to the Secretary, hath often heard him
say that Charles the Second was not only very base in not keeping the
least of the many things that he had promised; but by debauching the
Nation, had rendered it fitt for that terrible fellow (meaning the Duke
of York) to ruin us all, and then Monk and him would be remembred to
their Infamy.

(To be continued.)

BURIAL-PLACE OF ARCHBISHOP LEIGHTON.

On a visit this autumn with some friends to the picturesque village and
church of Horsted-Keynes, Sussex, our attention was forcibly arrested by
the appearance of two large pavement slabs, inserted in an erect position on
the external face of the south wall of the chancel. They proved to be those
which once had covered and protected the grave of the good Archbishop
Leighton, who passed the latter years of his life in that parish, and that of
Sir Ellis Leighton, his brother. On inquiry, it appeared that their remains had
been deposited within a small chapel on the south side of the chancel, the
burial-place of the Lightmaker family, of Broadhurst, in the parish of

Horsted. The archbishop retired thither in 1674, and resided with his only
sister, Saphira, widow of Mr. Edward Lightmaker. Broadhurst, it may be
observed, is sometimes incorrectly mentioned by the biographers of
Archbishop Leighton as a parish; it is an ancient mansion, the residence
formerly of the Lightmakers, and situated about a mile north of the village
of Horsted. There it was that Leighton made his will, in February, 1683; but
his death occurred, it will be remembered, in singular accordance with his
desire often expressed, at an inn, the Bell, in Warwick Lane, London.

The small chapel adjacent to the chancel, and opening into it by an arch
now walled up, had for some time, as I believe, been used as a school-room;
more recently, however, either through its becoming out of repair, or from
some other cause, the little structure was demolished. The large slabs which
covered the tombs of the good prelate and his brother were taken up and
fixed against the adjoining wall. The turf now covers the space thus thrown
into the open churchyard; nothing remains to mark the position of the
graves, which in all probability, ere many years elapse, will be disturbed
through ignorance or heedlessness, and the ashes of Leighton scattered to
the winds.

In times when special respect has been shown to the tombs of worthies of
bygone times, with the recent recollection also of what has been so well
carried out by Mr. Markland in regard to the grave of Bishop Ken, shall
we not make an effort to preserve from desecration and oblivion the resting-
place of one so eminent as Leighton for his learning and piety, so worthy to
be held in honoured remembrance for his high principles and his consistent
conduct in an evil age?
Albert Way.

Minor Notes.
Grammars, &c. for Public Schools.—Would it not be desirable for some
correspondents of "N. & Q." to furnish information respecting grammars,
classics, and other works which have been written for the various public
schools? Such information might be useful to book collectors; and would
also serve to reflect credit on the schools whose learned masters have
prepared such books. My contribution to the list is small: but I remember a
valuable Greek grammar prepared by the Rev. —— Hook, formerly head
master of the College School at Gloucester, for the use of that
establishment; as also a peculiar English grammar prepared by the Rev.
R. S. Skillern, master of St. Mary de Crypt School, in the same place, for
the use of that school. I also possess a copy (1640) of the Romanæ Historiæ
Anthologia, for the use of Abingdon School, and Moses and Aaron, or the
Rites and Customs of the Hebrews (1641), both by Thos. Godwin, though
the latter was written after he ceased to be master of the schools.
P. H. Fisher.
Stroud.

"To captivate."—Moore, in his Journal, speaking of the Americans (January
9th, 1819), says:

"They sometimes, I see, use the word captivate thus: 'Five or six ships
captivated,' 'Five or six ships captivated.'"

Originally, the words to captivate were synonymous with to capture, and
the expression was used with reference to warlike operations. To captivate
the affections was a secondary use of the phrase. The word is used in the
original sense in many old English books. It is not used so now in the
United States.
Uneda.
Philadelphia.

Bohn's Edition of Matthew of Westminster.—Under the year A.D. 782, the
translator informs us that "Hirenes and his son Constantine became
emperors." Such an emperor is not to be found in the annals of
Constantinople. If Mr. Yonge, who shows elsewhere that he has read
Gibbon, had referred to him on this occasion, he would probably have
found that the Empress Irene, a name dear to the reverencers of images, was
the person meant. The original Latin probably gives no clue to the sex; but
still this empress, who is considered as a saint by her church,
notwithstanding the deposition and blinding of her own son, was not a
personage to be so easily forgotten.
J. S. Warden.

French Season Rhymes and Weather Rhymes.—

"A la Saint-Antoine (17th January)
Les jours croissent le repas d'un moine."

"A la Saint-Barnabé (11th June)
La faux au pré."

"A la Sainte-Cathérine (25th November)
Tout bois prend racine."

"Passé la Saint-Clément (23rd November)
Ne sème plus froment."

"Si l'hiver va droit son chemin,
Vous l'aurez à la Saint-Martin." (12th Nov.)

"S'il n'arreste tant ne quant,
Vous l'aurez à la Saint-Clément." (23rd Nov.)

"Et s'il trouve quelqu' encombrée,
Vous l'aurez à la Saint-André." (30th Nov.)
Ceyrep.

Curious Epitaph in Tillingham Church, Essex.—

"Hic jacet Humfridus Carbo, carbone notandus
Non nigro, Creta sed meliora tua.
Claruit in clero, nulli pietate secundus.
Cælum vi rapuit, vi cape si poteris.
Obt. 27 Mar. 1624. Æt. 77."

Which has been thus ingeniously paraphrased by a friend of mine:

"Here lies the body of good Humphry Cole,
Tho' Black his name, yet spotless is his soul;
But yet not black tho' Carbo is the name,
Thy chalk is scarcely whiter than his fame.
A priest of priests, inferior was to none,
Took Heaven by storm when here his race was run.
Thus ends the record of this pious man;
Go and do likewise, reader, if you can."
C. K. P.
Newport, Essex.

Queries.
DOMESTIC LETTERS OF EDMUND BURKE.

In the curious and able article entitled "The Domestic Life of Edmund
Burke," which appeared in the Athenæum of Dec. 10th and Dec. 17th (and
to which I would direct the attention of such readers of "N. & Q." as have
not yet seen it), the writer observes:

"There is not in existence, as far as we know, or have a right to infer
from the silence of the biographers, one single letter, paper, or
document of any kind—except a mysterious fragment of one letter—
relating to the domestic life of the Burkes, until long after Edmund
Burke became an illustrious and public man; no letters from parents to
children, from children to parents, from brother to brother, or brother
to sister."

And as Edmund Burke was the last survivor of the family, the inference
drawn by the writer, that they were destroyed by him, seems, on the
grounds which he advances, a most reasonable one. But my object in
writings is to call attention to a source from which, if any such letters exist,
they may yet possibly be recovered; I mean the collections of professed
collectors of autographs. On the one hand, it is scarcely to be conceived that
the destroyer of these materials for the history of the Burkes, be he who he
may, can have got all the family correspondence into his possession. On the
other, it is far from improbable that in some of the collections to which I
have alluded, some letters, notes, or documents may exist, treasured by the
possessors as mere autographs; but which might, if given to the world,
serve to solve many of those mysteries which envelope the early history of
Edmund Burke. The discovery of documents of such a character seems to
be the special province of "N. & Q.," and I hope, therefore, although this
letter has extended far beyond the limits I originally contemplated, you will
insert it, and so permit me to put this Query to autograph collectors, "Have

you any documents illustrative of the Burkes?" and to add as a Note, "If so,
print them!"
N. O.

Minor Queries.
Farrant's Anthem.—From what source did Farrant take the words of his
well-known anthem, "Lord, for thy tender mercies' sake?"
C. F. S.

Ascension Day Custom.—What is the origin of the custom which still
obtains in St. Magnus and other city churches, of presenting the clergy with
ribbons, cakes, and silk staylaces on Ascension Day?
C. F. S.

Sawbridge and Knight's Numismatic Collections.—In Snelling's tract on
Pattern Pieces for English Gold and Silver Coins (1769), p. 45., it is stated,
in the description of a gold Coin of Elizabeth, that it is "unique, formerly in
the collection of Thomas Sawbridge, Esq., but at present in the collection of
Thomas Knight, Esq., who purchased the whole cabinet."—Can any of your
readers inform me who this Mr. Knight was, and whether his collection is
still in existence; or if it was dispersed, when, and in what manner? I am not
aware of any sale catalogue under his name.
J. B. B.

"The spire whose silent finger points to heaven."—I have met with, and
sometimes quoted, this line. Who is its author, and in what poem does it
occur?
J. W. T.
Dewsbury.

Lord Fairfax.—In the Peerage of Scotland I find this entry:

"Fairfax, Baron, Charles Snowdon Fairfax, 1627, Baron Fairfax, of
Cameron; suc. his grandfather, Thomas, ninth baron, 1846. His
lordship resides at Woodburne, in Maryland, United States."

Fairfax is not a Scotch name. And I can find no trace of any person of that
family taking a part in Scotch affairs. Cameron is, I suppose, the parish of

that name in the east of Fife.

I wish to ask, 1st. For what services, or under what circumstances, the
barony was created?

2ndly. When did the family cease to possess land or other property in
Scotland, if they ever held any?

3rdly. Is the present peer a citizen or subject of the United States? If so, is
he known and addressed as Lord Fairfax, or how?

4thly. Has he, or has any of his ancestors, since the recognition of the
United States as a nation, ever used or applied for permission to exercise
the functions of a peer of Scotland, e.g. in the election of representative
peers?

5thly. If he be a subject of the United States, and have taken, expressly or
by implication, the oath of citizenship (which pointedly renounces
allegiance to our sovereign), how is it that his name is retained on the roll of
a body whose first duty it is to guard the throne, and whose existence is a
denial of the first proposition in the constitution of his country?

Perhaps Uneda, W. W., or some other of your Philadelphia correspondents,
will be good enough to notice the third of these Queries.
W. H. M.

Tailless Cats.—A writer in the New York Literary World of Feb. 7, 1852,
makes mention of a breed of cats destitute of tails, which are found in the
Isle of Man. Perhaps some generous Manx correspondent will say whether
this is a fact or a Jonathan.
Shirley Hibberd.

Saltcellar.—Can any of your readers gainsay that in saltcellar the cellar is a
mere corruption of salière? A list of compound words of Saxon and French
origin might be curious.
H. F. B.

Arms and Motto granted to Col. William Carlos.—Can any reader of "N. &
Q." give the date of the grant of arms to Col. William Carlos (who assisted
Charles II. to conceal himself in the "Royal Oak," after the battle of
Worcester), and specify the exact terms of the grant?
μ.

Naval Atrocities.—In the article on "Wounds," in the Encyc. Brit., 4th
edition, published 1810, the author, after mentioning the necessity of a
surgeon's being cautious in pronouncing on the character of any wound,
adds that "this is particularly necessary on board ship, where, as soon as any
man is pronounced by the surgeon to be mortally wounded, he is forthwith,
while still living and conscious, thrown overboard," or words to this effect,
as I quote from memory. That such horrid barbarity was not practised in
1810, it is needless to say; and if it had been usual at any previous period,
Smollett and other writers who have exposed with unsparing hand all the
defects in the naval system of their day, would have scarcely left this
unnoticed when they attack much slighter abuses. If such a thing ever
occurred, even in the worst of times, it must have been an isolated case. I
have not met elsewhere with any allusion to this passage, or the atrocity
recorded in it, and would be glad of more information on the subject.
J. S. Warden.

Turlehydes.—During the great famine in Ireland land in 1331, it is said that
—

"The people in their distress met with an unexpected and providential
relief. For about the 24th June, a prodigious number of large sea fish,
called turlehydes, were brought into the bay of Dublin, and cast on
shore at the mouth of the river Dodder. They were from thirty to forty
feet long, and so bulky that two tall men placed one on each side of the
fish could not see one another."—The History and Antiquities of the
City of Dublin from the Earliest Accounts, by Walter Harris, 1766, p.
265.

This account is compiled from several records of the time, some of which
still exist. As the term turlehydes is not known to Irish scholars, can any of
the readers of "N. & Q." say what precise animal is meant by it, or give any
derivation or reference for the term?

U. U.
Dublin.

Foreign Orders—Queen of Bohemia.—It is well known that in some
foreign Orders the decorations thereof are conferred upon ladies. Can any
of your correspondents inform me whether the Order of the Annunciation of
Sardinia, formerly the Order of the Ducal House of Savoy, at any time
conferred its decorations upon ladies; and whether the Princess Elizabeth,
afterwards Queen of Bohemia, ever had the decoration of any foreign order
conferred upon her? In a portrait of her she is represented with a star or
badge upon the upper part of the left arm.
S. E. G.

Pickard Family.—Is the Pickard, or Picard, family, a branch of which is
located in Yorkshire, of Norman origin? If so, who were the first settlers in
England; and also in what county are they most numerous?
One of the Family.
Bradford.

Irish Chieftains.—Some account of the following, Historical Reminiscences
of O'Byrnes, O'Tooles, O'Kavanaghs, and other Irish Chieftains, privately
printed, 1843, is requested by
John Martin.
Woburn Abbey.

General Braddock.—Can any of your readers furnish me with information
relative to this officer? His disastrous expedition against Fort Du Quesne,
and its details, are well known; but I should like to know something more of
his previous history. Walpole gives an anecdote or two of him, and
mentions that he had been Governor of Gibraltar. I think too he was of Irish
extraction. Is there no portrait or engraving of Braddock in existence?
Serviens.

Minor Queries with Answers.
Lawless Court, Rochford, Essex.—A most extraordinary custom exists, in a
manor at Rochford, in the tenants holding under what is called the "Lawless
Court." This court is held at midnight, by torch-light, in the centre of a field,
on the first Friday after the 29th Sept., and is presided over by the steward
of the manor, who, however, appoints a deputy to fulfil this part of his duty.
The tenants of the manor are obliged to attend to answer to their names,
when called upon, under pain of a heavy fine, or at all events have some
one there to respond for them. All the proceedings are carried on in a
whisper, no one speaking above that tone of voice; and the informations as
to deaths, names, &c. are entered in a book by the president with a piece of
charcoal. I may add, the business is not commenced until a cock has crowed
three times, and as it is sometimes a difficult matter to get Chanticleer to do
his duty, a man is employed to crow, whose fee therefor is 5s.

Now Morant, in his History of Essex, merely cursorily mentions this most
singular custom, and has nothing as to its antiquity or origin; I should
therefore feel much obliged for any information concerning it.
Russell Gole.
[The singular custom at Rochford is of uncertain origin: in old authors it is spoken of as
belonging to the manor of Rayleigh. The following account of "The Lawless Court," at that
place, is printed by Hearne from the Dodsworth MSS. in the Bodleian, vol. cxxv.:—"The
manor of Raylie, in Essex, hath a custome court kept yearly, the Wednesday nexte after
Michael's day. The court is kept in the night, and without light, but as the skye gives, att a
little hill without the towne, called the King's Hill, where the steward writes only with
coals, and not with inke. And many men and mannors of greate worth hold of the same,
and do suite unto this strange court, where the steward calls them with as low a voice as
possibly he may; giving no notice when he goes to the hill to keepe the same court, and he
that attends not is deepely amerced, if the steward will. The title and entry of the same
court is as followeth, viz.:

'Curia de domino rege,
Dicta sine lege,
Tenta est ibidem,
Per ejusdem consuetudinem,
Ante ortum solis,
Luceat nisi polus,
Seneschallus solus,

Scribit nisi colis.
Clamat clam pro rege
In curia sine lege:
Et qui non cito venerit
Citius pœnitebit:
Si venerit cum lumine
Errat in regimine.
Et dum sine lumine
Capti sunt in crimine,
Curia sine cura
Jurata de injuria
Tenta est die Mercuriæ
prox. post festum S. Michaelis.'"

Weever, who mentions this custom, says, that he was informed that "this servile attendance
was imposed, at the first, upon certaine tenants of divers mannors hereabouts, for
conspiring in this place, at such an unseasonable time, to raise a commotion."]

Motto on old Damask.—Can your correspondents furnish an explanation of
the motto herewith sent? It is taken from some damask table napkins which
were bought many years back at Brussels; not at a shop in the ordinary way,
but privately, from the family to whom they belonged. I presume the larger
characters, if put together, will indicate the date of the event, whatever that
may be, which is referred to in the motto itself.

The motto is woven in the pattern of the damask, and consists of the
following words in uncials, the letters of unequal size, as subjoined:

"sIgnUM paCIs DatUr LorICæ."

the larger letters being IUMCIDULIC. If the U's are taken as two V's, and
written thus X, it gives the date MDCCLXIII. Perhaps this can be
explained.
H.
[The chronogram above, which means "The signal of peace is given to the warrior," relates
to the peace proclaimed between England and France in the year 1763. This event is
noticed in the Annual Register, and in most of our popular histories. Keightley says, "The
overtures of France for peace were readily listened to; and both parties being in earnest, the
preliminaries were readily settled at Fontainebleau (Nov. 3rd). In spite of the declamation
of Mr. Pitt and his party, they were approved of by large majorities in both Houses of
Parliament, and a treaty was finally signed in Paris, Feb. 18, 1763." The napkins were
probably a gift, on the occasion, to some public functionary. For the custom of noting the
date of a great event by chronograms, see "N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 585.]

Explanation of the Word "Miser."—Can any of your readers explain how
and when miser came to get the meaning of an avaricious hoarding man? In
Spenser's Faerie Queene, II. l. 8., it is used in its nearly primary sense of
"wretch:"

"Vouchsafe to stay your steed for humble miser's sake."

Again, Faerie Queene, II. 3. 8.:

"The miser threw himself, as an offall,
Straight at his foot in base humility."

In Milton's Comus, which was written about fifty years after the first three
books of the Faerie Queene, the present signification of the word is
complete:

"You may as well spread out the unsunn'd heaps
Of miser's treasure by an outlaw's den,
And tell me it is safe, as bid one hope
Danger will sink on opportunity," &c.
J. D. Gardner.
Bottisham.
[The modern restricted use of the word miser is subsequent to Shakspeare's time for in Part
I. King Henry VI., Act V. Sc. 4.,

"Decrepit miser! base ignoble wretch!"

Steevens says has no relation to avarice, but simply means a miserable creature. So in the
interlude of Jacob and Esau, 1568:

"But as for these misers within my father's tent."

Again, in Lord Stirling's tragedy of Crœsus, 1604:

"Or think'st thou me of judgement too remiss,
A miser that in miserie remains."

Otway, however, in his Orphan, published in 1680, uses it for a covetous person:

"Though she be dearer to my soul than rest
To weary pilgrims, or to misers gold,
Rather than wrong Castalio, I'd forget thee."

So also does Pope:

"No silver saints by dying misers given,
Here brib'd the rage of ill-requited heaven."

"Acis and Galatea."—Is there any good evidence in support of the
commonly received opinion that the words to Handel's Acis and Galatea
were written by Gay? Hawkins merely states that they "are said to have
been written by Mr. Gay." I have no copy of Burney at hand to refer to; but
I find the same statement repeated by various other musical historians,
without, however, any authority being given for it. The words in question
are not to be found among the Poems on several Occasions, by Mr. John
Gay, published in 1767 by Tonson and others. Have they ever been included
in any collective edition of his works?
G. T.
Reading.
[In the musical catalogue of the British Museum, compiled by Thomas Oliphant, Esq., it is
stated that the words to Acis and Galatea "are said to be written, but apparently partly
compiled, by John Gay." This serenata is included among Gay's Poems in Dr. Johnson's
edition of the English Poets, 1790, as well as in Chalmers's edition of 1810, and in the
complete edition of British Poets, Edinburgh, 1794.]

Birm-bank.—The bank of a canal opposite to the towing-path is called the
birm-bank. What is the derivation of this?
Uneda.
Philadelphia.
[The word birm seems to have the same meaning as berme (Fr. berme), which, in
Fortification, denotes a piece of ground of three, four, or five feet in width, left between the
rampart and the moat or foss, designed to receive the ruins of the rampart, and prevent the
earth from filling the foss. Sometimes it is palisaded, and in Holland is generally planted
with quickset hedge.]

General Thomas Gage.—This officer commanded at Boston at the breaking
out of the Revolution, and served under General Braddock. Where can I
find any details of the remainder of his history?
Serviens.
[An interesting biographical account of General Gage is given in the Georgian Æra, vol. ii.
p. 67.]

Replies.
RAPPING NO NOVELTY.

(Vol. viii., pp. 512. 632.)

The story referred to is certainly a very curious one, and I should like to
know whether it is exactly as it was told by Baxter, especially as there
seems to be reason for believing that De Foe (whom on other grounds one
would not trust in such a matter) did not take it from the work which he
quotes. Perhaps if you can find room for the statement, some correspondent
would be so good as to state whether it has the sanction of Baxter:

"Mr. Baxter, in his Historical Discourse of Apparitions, writes thus:
'There is now in London an understanding, sober, pious man, oft one
of my hearers, who has an elder brother, a gentleman of considerable
rank, who having formerly seemed pious, of late years does often fall
into the sin of drunkenness; he often lodges long together here in his
brother's house, and whensoever he is drunk and has slept himself
sober, something knocks at his bed's head, as if one knocked on a
wainscot. When they remove his bed it follows him. Besides other
loud noises on other parts where he is, that all the house hears, they
have often watched him, and kept his hands lest he should do it
himself. His brother has often told it me, and brought his wife, a
discreet woman, to attest it, who avers moreover, that as she watched
him, she has seen his shoes under the bed taken up, and nothing visible
to touch them. They brought the man himself to me, and when we
asked him how he dare sin again after such a warning, he had no
excuse. But being persons of quality, for some special reason of
worldly interest I must not name him.'"—De Foe's Life of Duncan
Campbell, 2nd ed. p. 107.

After this story, De Foe says:

"Another relation of this kind was sent to Dr. Beaumont (whom I
myself personally knew, and which he has inserted in his account of
genii, or familiar spirits) in a letter by an ingenious and learned
clergyman of Wiltshire," &c.

But he does not say that the story which he has already quoted as from
Baxter stands just as he has given it, and with a reference to Baxter, in
Beaumont's Historical, Physiological, and Theological Treatise of Spirits,
p. 182. Of course one does not attach any weight to De Foe's saying that he
knew Dr. Beaumont "personally," but does anybody know anything of him?
Nearly four years ago you inserted somewhat similar inquiry about this
Duncan Campbell, but I believe it has not yet been answered.
S. R. Maitland.

OCCASIONAL FORMS OF PRAYER.

(Vol. viii., p. 535.)

From a volume of Forms of Prayer in the library of Sir Robert Taylor's
Institution, I send you the following list, as supplementary to Mr.
Lathbury's. This volume forms part of a collection of books bequeathed to
the University by the late Robert Finch, M.A., formerly of Baliol College:

A Form of Prayer for a General Fast, &c. 4to. London. 1762.

In both the Morning and Evening Services of this Form "A Prayer for the
Reformed Churches" is included, which is omitted in all the subsequent
Forms. This is a copy of it:

"A Prayer for the Reformed Churches.

"O God, the Father of Mercies, we present our Supplications unto
Thee, more especially on behalf of our Reformed Brethren, whom,
blessed be Thy Name, Thou hast hitherto wonderfully supported.
Make them perfect, strengthen, 'stablish them: that they may stand fast
in the Liberty wherewith Christ hath made them free, and adorn the
Doctrine of God our Saviour in all things. Preserve the Tranquillity of

those who at present enjoy it: look down with compassion upon such
as are persecuted for Righteousness' sake, and plead Thy cause with
the oppressors of Thy people. Enlighten those who are in Darkness and
Error; and give them Repentance to the Acknowledgment of the Truth:
that all the Ends of the World may remember themselves, and be
turned unto the Lord; and we all may become one Flock, under the
great Shepherd and Bishop of our Souls, Jesus Christ, our only
Mediator and Advocate. Amen."

Form, &c. Fast. 1776.

Form, &c. Fast. 1778.

Form, &c. Fast. 1780.

Form, &c. Fast. 1781.

Form, &c. Fast. 1782.

A Prayer to be used on Litany Days before the Litany, and on other
days immediately before the Prayer for all Conditions of Men, in all
Cathedral, Collegiate, and Parochial Churches and Chapels, &c.,
during his Majesty's present Indisposition. 1788.

The following MS. note is inserted in the handwriting of Mr. Finch, father
of the gentleman who bequeathed the collection:

"Mrs. Finch accompanied my Father (Rev. Dr. Finch, Rector of St.
Michael's, Cornhill) to the Cathedral, where he had a seat for himself
and his lady assigned him under the Dome, as Treasurer to the Society
for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the original patrons of the Charity
Schools. Mrs. F. was so fortunate as to obtain a seat in the choir, and
saw the procession from the choir gate. Myself and Robert saw the
cavalcade (which was extremely grand, and continued for the space of
more than three hours, both Houses of Parliament with their attendants
preceding their Majesties) from Mrs Townsend's house in Fleet
Street."—April 23, 1789.

Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving for the King's Recovery. 1789.

Form, &c. Fast. 1793.

Form, &c. Fast. 1795.

Form, &c. Fast. 1796.

Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving for many signal and important
Victories. 1797.

Form, &c. Fast. 1798.

Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving for the Victory of the Nile, &c.
1798.

Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving for the Victory over the French
Fleet, Aug. 1. 1798.

Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving for the safe Delivery of H. R. H. the
Princess of Wales, and the birth of a Princess. 1796.

Form, &c. Fast. 1799.

Form, &c. Fast. 1800.

Form, &c. Fast. 1801.

Form and Thanksgiving for the Harvest. 1801.

Form and Thanksgiving for putting an End to the War. 1802.

Form, &c. Fast. 1803.

Form, &c. Fast. 1804.

Form, &c. Fast. 1805.

Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving for Lord Nelson's Victory. 1805.

Form, &c. Fast. 1806.

Form, &c. Fast. 1807.

Form, &c. Fast. 1808.

Form, &c. Fast. 1809.

Form, &c. Fast. 1810.

Form, &c. Fast. 1812.

Form, &c. Thanksgiving for the Peace. 1814.

Form, &c. Thanksgiving for the Peace. 1816.
John Macray.
Oxford.

CELTIC AND LATIN LANGUAGES.

(Vol. viii., p. 174.)

There was a Query some time ago upon this subject, but though it is one
full of interest to all scholars, I have not observed any Notes worth
mentioning in reply. The connexion between these two languages has only
of late occupied the attention of philologers; but the more closely they are
compared together, the more important and the more striking do the
resemblances appear; and the remark of Arnold with regard to Greek
literature applies equally to Latin, "that we seem now to have reached that
point in our knowledge of the language, at which other languages of the
same family must be more largely studied, before we can make a fresh step
in advance." But this study, as regards the comparison of Celtic and Latin,
is, in England at least, in a very infant state. Professor Newman, in his
Regal Rome, has attention to the subject; but his induction does not appear
sufficiently extensive to warrant any decisive conclusion respecting the
position the Celtic holds as an element of the Latin. Pritchard's work upon
the subject is satisfactory as far as it goes, but both these authors have

chiefly confined themselves to a tabular view of Celtic and Latin words; but
it is not merely this we want. What is required is a critical examination into
the comparative structure and formal development of the two languages,
and this is a work still to be accomplished. The later numbers of Bopp's
Comparative Grammar are, I believe, devoted to this subject, but as they
have not been translated, they must be confined to a limited circle of
English readers, and I have not yet seen any reproduction of the views
therein contained in the philological literature of England.

As the first step to considerations of this kind must be made from a large
induction of words, I think, with your correspondent, that the pages of "N.
& Q." might be made useful in supplying "links of connexion" to supply a
groundwork for future comparison. I shall conclude by suggesting one or
two "links" that I do not remember to have seen elsewhere.

1. Is the root of felix to be found in the Irish fail, fate; the contraction of the
dipththong ai or ê being analogous to that of amaïmus into amêmus?

2. Is it not probable that Avernus, if not corrupted from ἄορνος, is related
to iffrin, the Irish inferi? This derivation is at any rate more probable than
that of Grotefend, who connects the word with Ἀχέρων.

3. Were the Galli, priests of Cybele, so called as being connected with fire-
worship? and is the name at all connected with the Celtic gal, a flame? The
word Gallus, a Gaul, is of course the same as the Irish gal, a stranger.
T. H. T.

GEOMETRICAL CURIOSITY.

(Vol. viii., p. 468.)

Mr. Ingleby's question might easily be the foundation of a geometrical
paper; but as this would not be a desirable contribution, I will endeavour to
keep clear of technicalities, in pointing out how the process described may
give something near to a circle, or may not.

When a paper figure, bent over a straight line in it, has the two parts
perfectly fitting on each other, the figure is symmetrical about that straight
line, which may be called an axis of symmetry. Thus every diameter of a
circle is an axis of symmetry: every regular oval has two axes of symmetry
at right angles to each other: every regular polygon of an odd number of
sides has an axis joining each corner to the middle of the opposite sides:
every regular polygon of an even number of sides has axes joining opposite
corners, and axes joining the middles of opposite sides.

When a piece of paper, of any form whatsoever, rectilinear or curvilinear, is
doubled over any line in it, and when all the parts of either side which are
not covered by the other are cut away, the unfolded figure will of course
have the creased line for an axis of symmetry. If another line be now
creased, and a fold made over it, and the process repeated, the second line
becomes an axis of symmetry, and the first perhaps ceases to be one. If the
process be then repeated on the first line, this last becomes an axis, and the
other (probably) ceases to be an axis. If this process can be indefinitely
continued, the cuttings must become smaller and smaller, for the following
reason. Suppose, at the outset, the boundary point nearest to the intersection
of the axes is distant from that intersection by, say four inches; it is clear
that we cannot, after any number of cuttings, have a part of the boundary at
less than four inches from the intersection. For there never is, after any
cutting, any approach to the intersection except what there already was on
the other side of the axis employed, before that cutting was made. If then
the cuttings should go on for ever, or practically until the pieces to be cut
off are too small, and if this take place all round, the figure last obtained
will be a good representation of a circle of four inches radius. On the
suppositions, we must be always cutting down, at all parts of the boundary;
but it has been shown that we can never come nearer than by four inches to
the intersection of the axes.

But it does not follow that the process will go on for ever. We may come at
last to a state in which both the creases are axes of symmetry at once; and
then the process stops. If the paper had at first a curvilinear boundary,
properly chosen, and if the axes were placed at the proper angle, it would
happen that we should arrive at a regular curved polygon, having the two
axes for axes of symmetry. The process would then stop.

I will, however, suppose that the original boundary is everywhere
rectilinear. It is clear then that, after every cutting, the boundary is still
rectilinear. If the creases be at right angles to one another, the ultimate
figure may be an irregular polygon, having its four quarters alike, such as
may be inscribed in an oval; or it may have its sides so many and so small,
that the ultimate appearance shall be that of an oval. But if the creases be
not at right angles, the ultimate figure is a perfectly regular polygon, such as
can be inscribed in a circle; or its sides may be so many and so small that
the ultimate appearance shall be that of a circle.

Suppose, as in Mr. Ingleby's question, that the creases are not at right
angles to each other; supposing the eye and the scissors perfect, the results
will be as follows:

First, suppose the angle made by the creases to be what the mathematicians
call incommensurable with the whole revolution; that is, suppose that no
repetition of the angle will produce an exact number of revolutions. Then
the cutting will go on for ever, and the result will perpetually approach a
circle. It is easily shown that no figure whatsoever, except a circle, has two
axes of symmetry which make an angle incommensurable with the whole
revolution.

Secondly, suppose the angle of the creases commensurable with the
revolution. Find out the smallest number of times which the angle must be
repeated to give an exact number of revolutions. If that number be even, it
is the number of sides of the ultimate polygon: if that number be odd, it is
the half of the number of sides of the ultimate polygon.

Thus, the paper on which I write, the whole sheet being taken, and the
creases made by joining opposite corners, happens to give the angle of the
creases very close to three-fourteenths of a revolution; so that fourteen
repetitions of the angle is the lowest number which give an exact number of
revolutions; and a very few cuttings lead to a regular polygon of fourteen
sides. But if four-seventeenths of a revolution had been taken for the angle
of the creases, the ultimate polygon would have had thirty-four sides. In an
angle taken at hazard the chances are that the number of ultimate sides will
be large enough to present a circular appearance.

Any reader who chooses may amuse himself by trying results from three or
more axes, whether all passing through one point or not.
A. De Morgan.

THE BLACK-GUARD.

(Vol. viii., p. 414.)

Some of your correspondents, Sir James E. Tennent especially, have been
very learned on this subject, and all have thrown new light on what I
consider a very curious inquiry. The following document I discovered some
years ago in the Lord Steward's Offices. Your readers will see its value at
once; but it may not be amiss to observe, that the name in its present
application had its origin in the number of masterless boys hanging about
the verge of the Court and other public places, palaces, coal-cellars, and
palace stables; ready with links to light coaches and chairs, and conduct,
and rob people on foot, through the dark streets of London; nay, to follow
the Court in its progresses to Windsor and Newmarket. Pope's "link-boys
vile" are the black-guard boys of the following Proclamation.
Peter Cunningham.
At the Board of Green Cloth,
in Windsor Castle,
this 7th day of May, 1683.

Whereas of late a sort of vicious, idle, and masterless boyes and rogues,
commonly called the Black-guard, with divers other lewd and loose
fellowes, vagabonds, vagrants, and wandering men and women, do usually
haunt and follow the Court, to the great dishonour of the same, and as Wee
are informed have been the occasion of the late dismall fires that happened
in the towns of Windsor and Newmarket, and have, and frequently do
commit divers other misdemeanours and disorders in such places where
they resort, to the prejudice of His Majesty's subjects, for the prevention of
which evills and misdemeanours hereafter, Wee do hereby strictly charge
and command all those so called the Black-guard as aforesaid, with all other
loose, idle, masterless men, boyes, rogues, and wanderers, who have
intruded themselves into His Majesty's Court or stables, that within the

space of twenty-four houres next after the publishing of this order, they
depart, upon pain of imprisonment, and such other punishments as by law
are to be inflicted on them.

(Signed)
Ormond.
H. Bulkeley.
H. Brouncker.
Rich. Mason.
Ste. Fox.

THE CALVES' HEAD CLUB.

(Vol. viii., pp. 315. 480.)

The Calves' Head Club existed much earlier than the time when their doings
were commemorated in the Weekly Oracle (Vol. viii., p. 315.) of February
1, 1735, or depicted in the print of 1734 (Vol. viii., p. 480.). There is a
pamphlet, the second edition of which was published in small 4to., in 1703,
entitled:

"The Secret History of the Calves' Head Club, or, the Republican
Unmasqu'd, wherein is fully shewn the Religion of the Calves-Head
Heroes in their Anniversary Thanksgiving Songs on the Thirtieth of
January, by their Anthems," &c. &c.

We are told in the latter part of the long title-page that the work was
published "to demonstrate the restless, inplacable spirit of a certain party
still among us," and certainly the statements therein, and more than all the
anthems at the end, do show the bitterest hatred—so bitter, so intense and
malignant, that we feel on reading it that there must be some exaggeration.

The author professes to have at first been of opinion "that the story was
purely contrived on purpose to render the republicans more odious than
they deserv'd." Whether he was convinced to the contrary by ocular
demonstration he does not tell us, but gives us information he received from
a gentleman—

"Who, about eight years ago, went out of meer curiosity to see their
Club, and has since furnish'd me with the following papers. I was
inform'd that it was kept in no fix'd house, but that they remov'd as
they saw convenient; that the place they met in when he was with 'em
was in a blind ally, about Morefields; that the company wholly
consisted of Independents and Anabaptists (I am glad for the honour of
the Presbyterians to set down this remark); that the famous Jerry
White, formerly Chaplain to Oliver Cromwell, who no doubt on't came
to sanctify with his pious exhortations the Ribbaldry of the Day, said
Grace; that after the table-cloth was removed, the anniversary anthem,
as they impiously called it, was sung, and a calve's skull fill'd with
wine, or other liquor, and then a brimmer went about to the pious
memory of those worthy patriots that kill'd the tyrant, and deliver'd
their country from arbitrary sway; and lastly, a collection made for the
mercenary scribler, to which every man contributed according to his
zeal for the cause, or the ability of his purse.

"I have taken care to set down what the gentleman told me as faithfully
as my memory wou'd give me leave; and I am persuaded that some
persons that frequent the Black Boy in Newgate Street, as they knew
the author of the following lines so they knew this account of the
Calves' Head Club to be true."

The anthems for the years 1693, 1694, 1695, 1696, and 1697, are given; but
they are too long and too stupidly blasphemous and indecent to quote here.
They seem rather the satires of malignant cavaliers than the serious
productions of any Puritan, however politically or theologically heretical.
Edward Peacock.
Bottesford Moors.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.

The Calotype Process.—I have made any first essay in the calotype process,
following Dr. Diamond's directions given in "N. & Q.," and using Turner's
paper, as recommended by him. My success has been quite as great as I
could expect as a novice, and satisfies me that any defects are due to my

own want of skill, and not to any fault in the directions given. I wish,
however, to ask a question as to iodizing the paper. Dr. Diamond says, lay
the paper on the solution; then immediately remove it, and lay on the dry
side on blotting-paper, &c. Now I find, if I remove immediately, the whole
sheet of paper curls up into a roll, and is quite unmanageable. I want to
know, therefore, whether there is any objection to allowing the paper to
remain on the iodizing solution until it lies flat on it, so that on removal it
will not curl, and may be easily and conveniently laid on the dry side to
pass the glass rod over it. As soon as the paper is floated on the solution (I
speak of Turner's) it has a great tendency to curl, and takes some time
before the expansion of both surfaces becoming equal allows it to lie quite
flat on the liquid. May this operation be performed by the glass rod, without
floating at all?

Photographers, like myself, at a distance from practical instruction, are so
much obliged for plain and simple directions such as those given by Dr.
Diamond, which are the result of experience, that I am sure he will not mind
being troubled with a few inquiries relative to them.
C. E. F.

Hockin's Short Sketch.—Mr. Hockin is so well known as a thoroughly
practical chemist, that it may suffice to call attention to the fact of his
having published a little brochure entitled How to obtain Positive and
Negative Pictures on Collodionized Glass, and copy the latter upon Paper.
A Short Sketch adapted for the Tyro in Photography. As the question of the
alkalinity of the nitrate bath is one which has lately been discussed, we will
give, as a specimen of Mr. Hockin's book, a quotation, showing his opinion
upon that question:

"The sensitizing agent, nitrate of silver in crystals, not the ordinary
fused in sticks, is nearly always confessedly adulterated; it is thus
employed:

"The silver or nitrate bath.—Nitrate of silver five drachms, distilled
water ten ounces; dissolve and add iodized collodion two drachms.

"Shake these well together, allow them to macerate twelve hours, and
filter through paper. Before adding the nitric acid, test the liquid with a

piece of blue litmus paper; if it remain blue after being immersed one
minute, add one drop of dilute nitric acid[3], and test again for a
minute; and so on, until a claret red is indicated on the paper. It is
necessary to test the bath in a similar manner, frequently adding half a
drop to a drop of dilute acid when required. This precaution will
prevent the fogging due to alkalinity of the bath, so formidable an
obstacle to young hands."
Footnote 3:(return)

"Dilute nitric acid.—Water fifty parts, nitric acid one part."

Photographic Society's Exhibition.—The Photographic Society opened their
first Exhibition of Photographs and Daguerreotypes at the Gallery of the
Society of British Artists, in Suffolk Street, with a soirée on Tuesday
evening last. Notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather, the rooms
were crowded not only by members of the Society, but by many of the most
distinguished literary and scientific men of the metropolis. The Queen and
Prince Albert had, in the course of the morning, spent three hours in an
examination of the collection; and the opinion they expressed, that the
exhibition was one of great interest and promise, from the evidence it
afforded of the extraordinary advance made by the art during the past year,
and the encouragement it held out to the belief that far greater excellence
might therefore still be looked for in it, was a very just one, and embodied
that given afterwards by the most competent authorities. We have not room
this week to enter into any details, but can confidently recommend our
readers to pay an early visit to Suffolk Street.

Replies to Minor Queries.
"Firm was their faith," &c. (Vol. viii., p. 564.).—These lines are to be found
in a poem called "Morwennæ Statio, hodie Morwenstow," published by
Masters in 1846, with the title of Echoes from Old Cornwall, and written by
the Vicar of Morwenstow. I agree with D. M. in the judgment he has
announced as to their merits; but hitherto they have been but little
appreciated by the public. A time will come however, when these and other
compositions of the author will be better known and more duly valued by
the English mind.
Saxa.

These lines were written on "the Minster of Morwenna," May, 1840, and
appeared in the British Magazine under the anonymous name Procul. Of the
eight stanzas of which the poem consists, P. M. has quoted the second. The
second line should be read "wise of heart," and the third "firm and trusting
hands." With your correspondent, I hope the author's name may be
discovered.
F. R. R.

Vellum-cleaning (Vol. viii., p.340.).—In the Polytechnic Institution there are
specimens of old deeds, &c., on vellum and paper, beautifully cleaned and
restored by Mr. George Clifford, 5. Inner Temple Lane, Temple, London.
J. McK.
Shoreham.

Wooden Tombs (Vol. viii., p. 255.).—In the church at Brading, Isle of Wight
—

"There are some old tombs in the communion place, and in Sir
William Oglander's chapel, or family burial-place, which is separated
from the rest of the church by an oak screen. The most ancient legible
date of these monuments is 1567. Two of them have full-length figures
in armour of solid elm wood, originally painted in their proper colours,

and gilt, but now disfigured by coats of dirty white."—Barber's
Picturesque Guide to the Isle of Wight, 1850, pp. 28, 29.
J. McK.
Shoreham.

Solar Eclipse in the Year 1263 (Vol. viii., p. 441.).—In the Transactions of
the Antiquarian Society of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 350., there are "Observations
on the Norwegian Expedition against Scotland in the year 1263," by John
Dillon, Esq.; and at pp. 363-4, when speaking of the annular eclipse, he
says:

"The eclipse above mentioned is described to have occurred between
these two dates [29th July and 9th August]. This being pointed out to
Dr. Brewster, he had the curiosity to calculate the eclipse, when he
found that there was an eclipse of the sun on 5th August, 1263, and
which was annular at Ronaldsvo, in Orkney, and the middle of it was
twenty-four minutes past one."

These "Observations" contain much curious information; but are deformed
by the author attempting to wrest the text of the Norwegian writer (at p.
358. and in note I.) to suit an absurd crotchet of his own. Having seen that
essay in MS., I pointed out those errors; but instead of attending to my
observations, he would not read them, and got into a passion against the
friend who showed the MS. to me.
J. McK.
Shoreham.

Lines on Woman (Vol. viii., pp. 292. 350. &c.).—The lines on Woman are, I
presume, an altered version of those of Barret (Mrs. Barrett Browning?);
they are the finale of a short poem on Woman; the correct version is the
following:

"Peruse the sacred volume, Him who died
Her kiss betray'd not, nor her tongue denied;
While even the Apostle left Him to His doom,
She linger'd round His cross and watch'd His tomb."

I would copy the whole poem, but fear you would think it too long for
insertion.
Ma. L.
[Our correspondent furnishes an addition to our list of parallel passages. The lines quoted
by W. V. and those now given by our present correspondent can never be different readings
of the same poem. Besides, it has been already shown that the lines asked for are from the
poem entitled Woman, by Eaton Stannard Barrett (see antè, pp. 350. 423.).]

Satin (Vol. vii., p. 551.).—In a note just received by me from Canton, an
American friend of mine remarks as follows:

"When you write again to 'N. & Q.' you can say that the word satin
(Vol. vii., p. 551.), like the article itself, is of Chinese origin, and that
other foreign languages, in endeavouring like the English to imitate the
Chinese sz-tün, have approximated closely to it, and to each other. Of
this the answers to the Query given in the place referred to are a
sufficient proof; Fr. satin, W. sidan, &c. &c."

I suspect that he is right, and that Ogilvie and Webster, whom you quote,
have not got to the bottom of the word. I may add that the notion of my
Canton friend receives approval from a Chinese scholar to whom I have
shown the above extract.
W. T. M.
Hong Kong.

"Quid facies," &c. (Vol. viii., p. 539.).—

"Bierve, N. Maréchal, Marquis de, a Frenchman well known for his
ready wit and great facetiousness. He wrote two plays of considerable
merit, Les Réputations and Le Séducteur. He died at Spa, 1789, aged
42. He is author of the distich on courtezans:

'Quid facies, facies Veneris cum veneris ante?
Ne sedeas! sed eas, ne pereas per eas.'"

—Lemprière's Universal Biography, abridged from the larger work,
London, 1808.
C. Forbes.

Temple.

Sotades (Vol. viii., p. 520.).—Your correspondent Charles Reed says that
Sotades was a Roman poet 250 B.C.; and that to him we owe the line, "Roma
tibi subito," &c. Sotades was a native of Maroneia in Thrace, or, according
to others, of Crete; and flourished at Alexandria B.C. 280 (Smith's
Dictionary of Biography, Clinton, F. H., vol. iii. p. 888.). We have a few
fragments of his poems, but none of them are palindromical. The authority
for his having written so, is, I suppose, Martial, Epig. II. 86. 2.:

"Nec retro lego Sotaden cinædum."
Zeus.

The Third Part of "Christabel" (Vol. viii., pp. 11. 111.).—Has the Irish
Quarterly Review any other reason for ascribing this poem to Maginn than
the common belief which makes him the sole and original Morgan
Odoherty? If not, its evidence is of little value, as, exclusive of some pieces
under that name which have been avowed by other writers, many of the
Odoherty papers contain palpable internal evidence of having been written
by a Scotchman, or at least one very familiar with Scotland, which at that
time he was not; even the letter accompanying the third part of Christabel is
dated from Glasgow, and though this would in itself prove nothing, the
circumstances above mentioned, as well as Dr. Moir's evidence as to the
time when Maginn's contributions to Blackwood commenced, seems
strongly presumptive against his claim. Some of the earliest and most
distinguished writers in Blackwood are still alive, and could, no doubt, clear
up this point at once, if so inclined.
J. S. Warden.

Attainment of Majority (Vol. viii., pp. 198. 250.).—In my last
communication upon this subject I produced undeniable authority to prove
that the law did not regard the fraction of a day; this, I think, A. E. B. will
admit. The question is, now, does the day on which a man attains his
majority commence at six o'clock A.M., or at midnight? We must remember
that we are dealing with a question of English law; and therefore the
evidence of an English decision will, I submit, be stronger proof of the
latter mode of reckoning than the only positive proof with which A. E. B.
has defended Ben Jonson's use of the former, viz. Roman.

In a case tried in Michaelmas Term, 1704, Chief Justice Holt said:

"It has been adjudged that if one be born the 1st of February at eleven
at night, and the last of January in the twenty-first year of his age at
one o'clock in the morning, he makes his will of lands and dies, it is a
good will, for he was then of age."—Salkeld, 44.; Raymond, 480,
1096; 1 Siderfin, 162.

In this case, therefore, the testator was accounted of age forty-six hours
before the completion of his twenty-first year. Now, the law not regarding
the fraction of a day, the above case, I submit, clearly proves that the day, as
regards the attainment of majority, began at midnight.
Russell Gole.

Lord Halifax and Mrs. C. Barton (Vol. viii., pp. 429. 543.).—In answer to
J. W. J.'s Query, I beg to state that I have in my possession a codicil of Mrs.
Conduit's will in her own hand, dated 26th of January, 1737. This document
refers to some theological tracts by Sir Isaac Newton, in his handwriting,
which I have. On referring to the pedigree of the Barton family, I find that
Colonel Robert Barton married Catherine Greenwood, whose father lived at
Rotterdam, and was ancestor of Messrs. Greenwood, army agents. His issue
were Major Newton Barton, who married Elizabeth Ekins, Mrs. Burr, and
Catherine Robert Barton. I find no mention of Colonel Noel Barton. The
family of Ekins had been previously connected with that of Barton,
Alexander Ekins, Rector of Barton Segrave, having married Jane Barton of
Brigstock. The writer of this note will be obliged if J. W. J., or any
correspondent of "N. & Q.," will inform him if anything is known
respecting an ivory bust of Sir Isaac Newton, executed by Marchand or
Marchant, which is said to have been an excellent likeness.
S. X.
[The ivory bust referred to by our correspondent is, we believe, in the British Museum.]

The fifth Lord Byron (Vol. viii., p. 2.).—I cannot but think that Mr.
Hasleden's memory has deceived him as to the "wicked lord" having settled
his estates upon the marriage of his son; how is this to be reconciled with
the often published statement, that the marriage of his son with his cousin
Juliana, daughter of the admiral, and aunt of the late and present lords, was

made not only without the consent, but in spite of the opposition, of the old
lord, and that he never forgave his son in consequence?
J. S. Warden.

Burton Family (Vol. iv., pp. 22. 124.).—In connexion with a Query which
was kindly noticed by Mr. Algor of Sheffield, who did not however
communicate anything new to me, I would ask who was Samuel Burton,
Esq., formerly Sheriff of Derbyshire; whose death at Sevenoaks, in October,
1750, I find recorded in the Obituary of the Gentleman's Magazine for that
year? I am also desirous to ascertain who was Sir Francis Cavendish Burton
of St. Helens, whose daughter and heiress, Martha, married Richard Sikes,
Esq., ancestor of the Sikes's of the Chauntry House near Newark. She died
since 1696. Both Samuel Burton and Mrs. Sikes were related to the Burtons
of Kilburn, in the parish of Horsley, near Derby, to whom my former Query
referred.
E. H. A.

Provost Hodgson's Translation of the Atys of Catullus (Vol. viii., p. 563.).—
In answer to Mr. Gantillon's inquiry for the above translation, I beg to
state that it will be found appended to an octavo edition of Hodgson's poem
of Lady Jane Grey.

In the same volume will be found, I believe (for I have not the work before
me), some of the modern Latin poetry respecting which Balliolensis
inquiries. The justly admired translation of Edwin and Angelina, to which
the latter refers, was by Hodgson's too early lost friend Lloyd. The splendid
pentameter is slightly misquoted by Balliolensis. It is not—

"Poscimus in terris pauca, nec illa diù."

but—

"Poscimus in vitâ," &c.
Thomas Russell Potter.
Wymeswold, Loughborough.

Wylcotes' Brass (Vol. viii., p. 494.).—I should hardly have supposed that
any difficulty could exist in explaining the inscription:

"In · on · is · all."

To me it appears self-evident that it must be—

"In one (God) is my all."
H. C. C.

Hoby, Family of; their Portraits, &c. (Vol. viii., p. 244.).—I would refer J.
B. Whitborne to The Antiquities of Berkshire (so miscalled), by Elias
Ashmole; where, in treating of Bisham, that learned antiquary has given the
inscriptions to the Hoby family as existing and legible in his time. It does
not appear that Sir Philip Hoby, or Hobbie, Knight, was ever of the Privy
Council; but, in 1539, one of the Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber to King
Henry VIII. (which monarch granted to him in 1546-7 the manor of
Willoughby in Edmonton, co. Middlesex), Sir Thomas Hoby, the brother,
and successor in the estates of Sir Philip, was, in 1566, ambassador to
France; and died at Paris July 13 in the same year (not 1596), aged thirty-
six. The coat of the Hobys of Bisham, as correctly given, is "Argent, within
a border engrailed sable, three spindles, threaded in fesse, gules." A grant or
confirmation of this coat was made by Sir Edward Bysshe, Clarenceux, to
Peregrine Hoby of Bisham, Berks, natural son of Sir Edward Hoby, Nov.
17, 1664. The Bisham family bore no crest nor motto.
H. C. C.

The Keate Family (Vol. viii., pp. 293. 525.)—Should the Query of G. B. B.
not be sufficiently answered by the extract from Mr. Burke's Extinct and
Dormant Baronetcies of England relating to the Keate family, as I have a
full pedigree of that surname, I may perhaps be able, on application, to
satisfy him with some genealogical particulars which are not noticed in Mr.
Burke's works.
H. C. C.

Sir Charles Cotterell (Vol viii., p. 564.).—Sir Charles Cotterell, the
translator of Cassandra, died in 1687. (See Fuller's Worthies, by Nuttall,
vol. ii. p. 309.)
Ἁλιεύς.
Dublin.

Huc's Travels (Vol. viii., p. 516.).—Not having seen the Gardener's
Chronicle, in which C. W. B. says the travels of Messrs. Huc and Gabet in
Thibet, Tartary, &c. are said to be a pure fabrication, concocted by some
Parisian littérateur, I cannot know what degree of credit, if any, is to be
given to such a statement. All I wish to communicate at present for the
information of your Querist C. W. B. is this, that I have read an account and
abstract of Messrs. Huc and Gabet's Travels in one of the ablest and best
conducted French reviews, La Revue des Deux Mondes; in which not the
least suspicion of fabrication is hinted, or the slightest doubt expressed as to
the genuineness of these Travels. Mr. Princep, also, in his work on Thibet,
Tartary, &c. quotes largely from Huc's Travel's, and avails himself
extensively of the information contained in them with reference to
Buddhism, &c.

Should the writer in the Gardener's Chronicle have it in his power to prove
the Travels to be a fabrication, he will confer a benefit on the world of
letters by unmasking the fabricator.
J. M.
Oxford.

Pictures at Hampton Court Palace (Vol. viii., p. 538.).—In reply to Φ.'s
question when the review of the 10th Light Dragoons by King George III.,
after the Prince of Wales assumed the command of that regiment, I beg to
state that the Prince entered the army as brevet-colonel, Nov. 19, 1782; that
the regiment received the title of "The Prince of Wales's own Regiment of
Light Dragoons" on Michaelmas Day, 1783: that the regiment was stationed
in the south of England and in the vicinity of London for many years, from
1790 to 1803 inclusive; and that King George III. repeatedly reviewed it,
accompanied by the queen and the royal family. That the Prince of Wales
was appointed Colonel-commandant of the corps in 1793, and succeeded
Sir W. A. Pitt as colonel of it in July 18, 1796. That the regiment was
reviewed on Hounslow Heath by the King in August, 1799; and the Prince
of Wales (who commanded it in person) received his Majesty's orders to
convey his Majesty's approbation of its excellent appearance and
performance. Perhaps the picture by Sir William Beechey was painted in
1799, and not 1798. I did not find the catalogue at Hampton Court free from
errors, when I last visited the palace in October, 1852.

M. A.
Pembroke College, Oxon.

John Waugh (Vol. viii., pp. 271. 400. 525.).—Does Karleolensis know
whether John Waugh, son of Waugh, Bishop of Carlisle, was married, and
to whom?

Farther information of the above family would be most acceptable, and
thankfully acknowledged, by George Waugh, of the family of the Waughs
of Oulton and Lofthouse, Yorkshire.
Exeter.

Daughters taking their Mothers' Names (Vol. viii., p. 586.).—When
Buriensis asks for instances of this, and mentions "Alicia, daughter of Ada,"
as an example, is he not mistaking, or following some one else who has
mistaken, the gender of the parent's name? Alicia fil. Adæ would be
rendered "Alice Fitz-Adam," unless there be anything in the context to
determine the gender otherwise.
J. Sansom.

"Service is no Inheritance" (Vol. viii., p. 586.).—This proverbial saying has
evidently arisen from the old manorial right, under which the lord of the
manor claimed suit and service and fealty before admitting the heir to his
inheritance, or the purchaser to his purchase. On which occasion, the party
admitted to the estate, whether purchaser or heir, "fecit fidelitatem suam et
solvit relevium;" the relief being generally a year's rent or service.
Anon.

Sir Christopher Wren and the young Carver (Vol. viii., p. 340.).—If your
correspondent A. H. has not already appropriated the anecdote here alluded
to, I think I can confidently refer him to any biographical notice of
Grindling Gibbons—to whom the story of the "Sow and Pigs" relates.
Gibbons was recommended to Sir Christopher by Evelyn, I think; but not
having "made a note of it," I am not sure that it is to be found in his Diary.
[4] If there be any monograph Life of Gibbons, it can scarcely fail to be

found there.
M. (2)

Footnote 4:(return)

See Evelyn's Diary, vol. ii. pp. 53, 54., edition 1850.—Ed.

Souvaroff's Despatch (Vol. viii., p. 490).—Souvaroff's doggerel despatch
from Ismail, immortalised by Byron, is, as usual, misspelt and
mistranslated. Allow me to furnish you with what I have never yet seen in
English, a correct version of it:

"Slava Bogou, slava Vam;
Krépost vziala, ee ya tam."

"Glory to God, glory to You,
The fortress is taken, and I am there."
Dmitri Andréef.

Detached Church Towers (Vol. viii., p. 63.).—In the lists I have seen no
mention is made of the fine tower of West Walton Church, which stands at a
distance of nearly twenty yards from the body of the church.
W. B. D.
Lynn.

Queen Anne's Motto (Vol. viii., p. 174.).—The Historical Society of
Pennsylvania is in possession of an English coat of arms, painted on wood
in the time of Queen Anne, having "Anna R." at the top, and the motto
Semper eadem on the scroll below. It probably was in one of the
Philadelphia court-rooms, and was taken down at the Revolution.
Uneda.
Philadelphia.

Lawyers' Bags (Vol. vii. passim).—The communication of Mr. Kersley, in
p. 557., although it does not support the inference which Col. Landman
draws, that the colour of lawyers' bags was changed in consequence of the
unpopularity which it acquired at the trial of Queen Caroline, seems to
show that green was at one time the colour of those professional pouches.
The question still remains, when and on what occasion it was discontinued;
and when the purple, and when the crimson, were introduced?

When I entered the profession (about fifty years ago), no junior barrister
presumed to carry a bag in the Court of Chancery, unless one had been
presented to him by a king's counsel; who, when a junior was advancing in
practice, took an opportunity of complimenting him on his increase of
business, and giving him his own bag to carry home his papers. It was then
a distinction to carry a bag, and a proof that a junior was rising in his
profession. I do not know whether the same custom prevailed in the other
courts.
Causidicus.

In this city (Philadelphia) lawyers formerly carried green bags. The custom
has declined of late years among the members of the legal profession, and it
has been taken up by journeymen boot and shoe makers, who thus carry
their work to and from the workshop. A green bag is now the badge of a
cordwainer in this city.
.
Philadelphia.

Bust of Luther (Vol. viii., p. 335.).—Mr. J. G. Fitch asks for information
respecting a bust of Luther, with an inscription, on the wall of a house, in
the Dom Platz at Frankfort on the Maine. I have learned, through a German
acquaintance, who has resided the greater part of his life in that city, that the
effigy was erected to commemorate the event of Luther's having, during a
short stay in Frankfort, preached near that spot; and that the words
surrounding the bust were his text on the occasion. He adds that Luther at
no period of his life "lived for some years" at Frankfort, as stated by Mr.
Fitch.
Alfred Smith.

Grammar in relation to Logic (Vol. viii., pp. 514. 629.).—H. C. K.'s
remarks are of course indisputable. But it is a mistake to suppose that they
answer my Query. In fact, had your correspondent taken the trouble to
consider the meaning of my Query, he could not have failed to perceive that
the explanation I there gave of the function of the conjunction in logic, is
the same as his. My Query had sole reference to grammar. I would also
respectfully suggest that anonymous correspondents should not impute

"superficial views," or any other disagreeable thing, to those who stand
confessed, without abandoning the pseudonym.
C. Mansfield Ingleby.
Birmingham.

Miscellaneous.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

Mr. Timbs announces for publication by subscription, Curiosities of
London: exhibiting the most rare and remarkable Objects of Interest in the
Metropolis. Mr. Timbs states, the authorities for his work have been four-
and-twenty years in collection; and that the utmost pains has been taken to
verify names, dates, and circumstances, so as to insure accuracy. In this
labour the author has been aided by the communications of many obliging
friends, as well as by his own recollection of nearly fifty years' changes in
the aspects of "opulent, enlarged, and still increasing London."

It is proposed to publish by subscription The Visitation of the County of
Northumberland, taken by Richard St. George, Esq., Norroy King of Arms,
and Henry St. George, Esq., Blue Mantle Pursuivant of Arms, A.D. 1615. To
be printed in tables on folio, with the arms engraved on wood, price One
Guinea; or large paper, royal folio, Two Guineas; or large paper with the
arms emblazoned (of which only the number subscribed for will be done),
Five Guineas. Subscribers' names will be received by Mr. John Gray Bell,
No. 17. Bedford Street, Covent Garden.

The first number of the Antiquities of Shropshire, by the Rev. R. W. Eyton,
has just been issued for the sake of determining the author's doubts as to
whether there is any general wish for such a publication. Should the answer
be in the negative, the author will neither forget his obligation to present
subscribers, nor the explanation which he will farther owe them if the work
be discontinued. The work will extend at least to five volumes, or twenty
parts, and, according to the present plan, will be completed in not less than
five years. Any subscriber will be at liberty to withdraw his name, by giving
notice to that effect within one month after the publication of any fourth
part, or completed volume. Three hundred copies of Part I. have been
printed, but the number of the future parts will be limited to those
subscribed for within the next three months.

The Surrey Archæological Society propose holding the Inaugural General
Meeting of the Society in Southwark early in the month of February, and to
exhibit upon the occasion a collection of such objects of antiquarian interest
relating to Surrey as may be contributed for that purpose. Parties are invited
to favour the Society with the loan of such objects.

Books Received.—A Peep at the Pixies, or Legends of the West, by Mrs.
Bray: written for the entertainment of a family circle, these amusing records
of the doings of the little people will find favour with all lovers of folk lore.
—Ada's Thoughts, or the Poetry of Youth, may be commended for its
natural, simple, yet elevated tone.—Essay on Human Happiness, by C. B.
Adderley, M.P.; the first of a series of Great Truths for Thoughtful Hours. A
set of little books similar in object and design to Pickering's well-known
series of Small Books on Great Subjects.—Beauties of Byron, Verse and
Prose. This selection, made for Murray's Railway Reading, will be
acceptable to many who would object to place the collected edition of the
noble bard's writings in the hands of the younger members of their family.
—Speeches on Parliamentary Reform, by the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay.
This new number of Longman's Traveller's Library is well-timed, and very
acceptable.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.

Isaac Taylor's Physical Theory of another Life.

*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, carriage free, to be sent to
Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES." 186. Fleet Street.

Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the
gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are
given for that purpose:

Sandy's Christmas Carols, Ancient and Modern. 8vo. 1833.

Junius Discovered, by P. T. Published about 1789.

Wanted by William J. Thoms, 25. Holywell Street, Millbank,
Westminster.

Gallery of Portraits. Published by Charles Knight, under the
Superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. No.
XLIII. (December, 1835), containing Adam Smith, Calvin, Mansfield.

Wanted by Charles Forbes, 3. Elm Court, Temple.

Bristol Drollery. 1674.

Holborn Drollery. 1673.

Hicks's Grammatical Drollery. 1682.

Oxford Jests.

Cambridge Jests.

Wanted by C. S., 12. Gloucester Green, Oxford.

Mudie's British Birds. Bohn. 1841. 2nd Volume.

Waverley. 1st Edition.

Wanted by F. R. Sowerby, Halifax.

Notices to Correspondents.
Among other interesting communications intended for our present Number,
but which we have been compelled by want of space to postpone until next
week, are Mr. Gutch's Paper on Griffin and his Fidessa, Mr. D'Alton's on
James II.'s Irish Army List, and Dr. Diamond's on The Advantages of Small
Photographs.

Cestriensis. We have a letter for this Correspondent; where shall it be sent?

Eirionnach. The letter for this Correspondent has been forwarded.

W. J. L. The Merry Llyd or Hewid has already formed the subject of some
notices in our columns: see Vol. i., pp. 173. 315.; Vol. vi., p. 410. We should
be glad to have any satisfactory explanation of the origin and antiquity of
the custom.

J. E. (Sampford) is informed that there is no charge for the insertion of
Queries, &c. Will he oblige us by describing the communications to which
he refers?

F. S. A., who asks the origin of tick, is referred to Vol. iii., pp. 357. 409.
502.

Ignorant. The Staffordshire Knot is the badge or cognizance of the Earls of
Stafford: see Vol. viii., p. 454.

J. S. A. will find the information he desires respecting the Extraordinary
North Briton in a valuable communication from Mr. Crossley, "N. & Q.,"
Vol. iii., p. 432.

Index to Volume the Eighth.—This is in a very forward state, and will, we
trust, be ready for delivery with No. 221. on the 21st of January.

"Notes and Queries," Vols. i. to vii., price Three Guineas and a Half.—
Copies are being made up and may be had by order.

"Notes and Queries" is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country
Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels and deliver them to
their Subscribers on the Saturday.

THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE FOR JANUARY (being the First Part
of a new Volume) contains the following articles:—1. The Princess
(afterwards Queen) Elizabeth a Prisoner at Woodstock. 2. On supposed
Apparitions of the Virgin Mary; and particularly at La Salette. 3. Sir Walter
Raleigh at Sherborne. 4. Manners and Morals of the University of
Cambridge during the last Century. 5. English Sketches by Foreign Artists
—Max Schlesinger's Saunterings in and about London. 6. Richard Baxter's
Pulpit at Kidderminster (with a Plate). 7. Cambridge Improvements, 1853.
8. The Toxaris of Lucian. Correspondence of Sylvanus Urban: English
Physicians in Russia—Knights Banneret—Sir Constantine Phipps and Sir
William Phips—Diaries of Dr. Stukeley, &c. With Notes of the Month;
Historical and Miscellaneous Reviews; Reports of Antiquarian and Literary
Societies; Historical Chronicle; and Obituary, including Memoirs of the
Queen of Portugal, the Duke of Beaufort, the Countess of Newburgh, Lord
Cloncurry, Rear-Adm. Pasco, Bickham Escott, Esq., Wm. Gardiner, Esq.,
Mrs. Opie, Mr. Jas. Trubshaw, C.E., Mr. Samuel Williams, &c. &c. Price 2s.
6d.

NICHOLS & SONS, 25. Parliament Street.

Just published, price 2s. 6d., sewed,

A LECTURE ON THE GENIUS, LIFE AND CHARACTER OF
WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE, delivered to the Mutual Improvement Society
of Welford, by FREDERICK COX, ESQ., one of the Vice-Presidents of the
Society.

GEORGE BELL, London.
T. C. BROWNE, Leicester.

Just published, 12mo., 4s.

JANUS, LAKE POEMS, &c., and other Poems, by DAVID HOLT.

London: W. PICKERING, Piccadilly; and GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet
Street.

Demy 8vo., 2s.; cloth gilt, 3s.

THE HISTORY OF MILLWALL, commonly called the Isle of Dogs;
including Notices of the West India Docks and City Canal, and Notes on
Poplar, Blackwall, Limehouse, and Stepney. By B. H. COWPER.

R. GLADDING, 97. & 98. Whitechapel Road.

TO ARTISTS, ENGRAVERS, PRINTSELLERS, ETC.

This Day, 8vo., 3s. 6d.

THE LAWS OF ARTISTIC COPYRIGHT, AND THEIR DEFECTS. For
the Use of Artists, Sculptors, Engravers, Printsellers, &c. BY D.
ROBERTON BLAINE, ESQ., of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at-Law.

JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.

WORKS BY EDWARD JESSE, ESQ.

Now Ready.

JESSE'S COUNTRY LIFE. Third Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 6s.

II.

JESSE'S NATURAL HISTORY. Seventh Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 6s.

III.

JESSE'S FAVOURITE HAUNTS. With Twenty Woodcuts. Post 8vo. 12s.

JOHN MURRAY, Albermarle Street.

JUST PUBLISHED.—A CATALOGUE of VALUABLE BOOKS,
including a portion of the Library of the RIGHT HON. WARREN
HASTINGS, now on Sale by THOMAS KERSLAKE, Bookseller, Bristol.
(Franked for One Postage Stamp.)

VIEWS IN LONDON. STEREOSCOPES AND STEREOSCOPIC
PICTURES.

BLAND & LONG, 153. FLEET STREET, OPTICIANS and
PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENT MAKERS, invite attention to their
Stock of STEREOSCOPES of all Kinds, and in various Materials; also, to
their New and Extensive Assortment of STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES for
the same, in DAGUERREOTYPE, on PAPER, and TRANSPARENT
ALBUMEN PICTURES on GLASS, including Views of London, Paris, the
Rhine, Windsor, &c. These Pictures, for minuteness of Detail and Truth in
the Representation of Natural Objects, are unrivalled.

BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London.

*** "Familiar Explanation of the Phenomena" sent on Application.

PULLEYN'S COMPENDIUM.

One Volume, crown 8vo., bound in cloth, price 6s.

THE ETYMOLOGICAL COMPENDIUM; or, PORTFOLIO OF ORIGINS
AND INVENTIONS: relating to

Language, Literature, and Government.

Architecture and Sculpture.
Drama, Music, Painting, and Scientific Discoveries.
Articles of Dress, &c.
Titles, Dignities, &c.
Names, Trades, Professions.
Parliament, Laws, &c.
Universities and Religious Sects.
Epithets and Phrases.
Remarkable Customs.
Games, Field Sports.
Seasons, Months, and Days of the Week.
Remarkable Localities, &c. &c.

By WILLIAM PULLEYN.

The Third Edition, revised and improved,

By MERTON A. THOMS, ESQ.

"The additions to this book indicate the editor to be his father's own
son. He deals in folk lore, chronicles old customs and popular sayings,
and has an eye to all things curious and note-worthy. The book tells
everything."—Gentleman's Magazine.

"The book contains a vast amount of curious information and useful
memoranda."—Literary Gazette.

"An invaluable manual of amusement and information."—Morning
Chronicle.

"This is a work of great practical usefulness. It is a Notes and Queries
in miniature.... The revision which the present edition of it has
undergone has greatly enhanced its original value."—Era.

London: WILLIAM TEGG & CO., 85. Queen Street, Cheapside.

NOW READY, MR. DOD'S PEERAGE, &c.

New Edition for 1854; thoroughly revised, with many Improvements.

PEERAGE, BARONETAGE, KNIGHTAGE, &c., for 1854 (Fourteenth
Year): by CHARLES R. DOD, Esq., Author of "The Parliamentary
Companion," "Electoral Facts," &c. Fcp. 8vo., handsomely bound in cloth,
gilt.

WHITTAKER & CO., Ave-Maria Lane.

WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.

3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.

Founded A.D. 1842.

Directors.

H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.
G. H. Drew, Esq.
W. Evans, Esq.
W. Freeman, Esq.
F. Fuller, Esq.
J. H. Goodhart, Esq.
T. Grissell, Esq.
J. Hunt, Esq.
J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.
E. Lucas, Esq.
J. Lys Seager, Esq.
J. B. White, Esq.
J. Carter Wood, Esq.

Trustees.—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell,
Esq.
Physician.—William Rich. Basham, M.D.
Bankers.—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.

VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.

POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to
suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in the
Prospectus.

Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in three-
fourths of the Profits:—

Age £ s. d.

17 1 14 4

22 1 18 8

27 2 4 5

32 2 10 8

37 2 18 6

42 3 8 2

ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.

Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions,
INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE
ON BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of
Land Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies,
Building Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound

Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary
to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.

ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Prices, and
Description of upwards of 100 articles, consisting of

PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus,
DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other
traveller requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on receipt of
Two Stamps.

MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their
Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new
Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best
articles of the kind ever produced.

J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand.

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION.
No. 1. Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to
all Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE.
Superior Gold London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto,
in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold
Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas.
Superior Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas.
Bennett's Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every
Watch skillfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed.
Barometers, 2l., 3l., and 4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory,
the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,

65. CHEAPSIDE.

XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, exclusively used at all the Photographic
Establishments.—The superiority of this preparation is now universally
acknowledged. Testimonials from the best Photographers and principal
scientific men of the day, warrant the assertion, that hitherto no preparation
has been discovered which produces uniformly such perfect pictures,
combined with the greatest rapidity of action. In all cases where a quantity
is required, the two solutions may be had at Wholesale price in separate
Bottles, in which state it may be kept for years, and Exported to any
Climate. Full instructions for use.

Caution.—Each Bottle is Stamped with a Red Label bearing my name,
RICHARD W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, to counterfeit which is
felony.

CYANOGEN SOAP: for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. The
Genuine is made only by the Inventor, and is secured with a Red Label
bearing this Signature and Address, RICHARD W. THOMAS, CHEMIST,
10. PALL MALL, Manufacturer of Pure Photographic Chemicals: and may
be procured of all respectable Chemists, in Pots at 1s., 2s., and 3s. 6d. each,
through MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard; and MESSRS.
BARCLAY & CO., 95. Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents.

PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining
Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds,
according to light.

Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest
Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.

Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this
beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.—OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED
DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA, is superior to every other form
of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist, from its capability of Elongation

or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment, its Portability, and its adaptation
for taking either Views or Portraits.—The Trade supplied.

Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames,
&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace,
Barnsbury Road, Islington.

New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings.

IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists,
289. Strand. have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in
producing a Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and
density of Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing
the keeping properties and appreciation of half tint for which their
manufacture has been esteemed.

Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of
Photography. Instruction in the Art.

THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B.
HOCKIN. Price 1s., per Post, 1s. 2d.

PHOTOGRAPHY.

A COMPLETE SET OF APPARATUS for 4l. 4s., containing an Expanding
Camera, with warranted Double Achromatic Adjusting Lenses, a Portable
Stand, Pressure Frame, Levelling Stand, and Baths, complete.

PORTRAIT LENSES of double Achromatic combination, from 1l. 12s. 6d.

LANDSCAPE LENSES, with Rack Adjustment, from 25s.

A GUIDE to the Practice of this interesting Art, 1s., by post free, 1s. 6d.

French Polished MAHOGANY STEREO-SCOPES, from 10s. 6d. A large
assortment of STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES for the same in

Daguerreotype, Calotype, or Albumen, at equally low prices.

ACHROMATIC MICROSCOPES.

Beautifully finished ACHROMATIC MICROSCOPE, with all the latest
improvement and apparatus, complete from 3l. 15s., at

C. BAKER'S. Optical and Mathematical Instrument Warehouse, 244. High
Holborn (opposite Day & Martin's).

Important Sale of Rare Books, Books of Prints, and Illuminated
Manuscripts.

MESSRS. S. LEIGH SOTHEBY & JOHN WILKINSON, Auctioneers of
Literary Property and Works illustrative of the Fine Arts, will SELL by
AUCTION, at their House, 3. Wellington Street, Strand, on MONDAY,
January 9, 1854, and Three following Days, at 1 o'clock precisely, an
Important COLLECTION of RARE BOOKS, Books of Prints, Illuminated
and Historical Manuscripts, from the Library of a distinguished Amateur,
deceased:—comprising, The Grand Work on Egypt, executed under the
munificent direction of Napoleon I., the original edition on vellum paper, 23
vols. The Beautiful and Interesting Series of Picturesque Voyages by
Nodier, Taylor, and De Cailleux; Barker, Webb et Berthélot, Histoire
Naturelle des Iles Canaries, a magnificent work, in 10 vols. with exquisitely
coloured plates; Algérie. Historique, Pittoresque et Monumentale, 5 vols. in
3; Le Vaillant, Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux, on vellum paper, the plates
beautifully coloured, 3 vols.; Melling, Voyage Pittoresque de
Constantinople, 2 vols. in 1; Montfaucon, Antiquité Expliquée, avec
Supplément et les Monumens de la Monarchie Françoise, 20 vols., a most
beautiful copy, in morocco, of the best edition, on large paper; Sebæ Rerum
Naturalium Thesaurus, 4 vols., an exceedingly choice copy in rich French
morocco; Museum Worsleyanum, 2 vols., on large paper; Shaw, Illuminated
Ornaments, on large paper, the plates exquisitely illuminated in gold and
colours; Beroalde de Verville, Le Moyen de Parvenir, a very fine copy of
the rarest Elzevir edition; Cieza, Historie del Peru, 1560-64, rare;
Boccaccio, Il Decamerone, Ven. 1492, extremely rare; Consolat dels Fets
Maritims, very rare; Denyaldi, Rollo Northmanno-Britannicus, fine copy,

and very scarce; Henninges, Theatrum Genealogicum, 4 vols. in 5; Le
Merre, Recueil des Notes concernant les Affaires du Clergé de France, 13
vols., a beautiful copy; Mandeville, Le Grande Lapidaire, 1561, an
extremely rare edition; Renversement de la Morale Chrétienne, rare;
Verheiden in Classem Xerxis Hispani Oratio, very rare; Rare Works relating
to England; Books of Emblems; A curious and interesting Volume in
German, giving an Account of the Crusades against the Turks by the
Christians, printed by Bämler. in 1482; Some highly interesting Historical
and other Manuscripts; Finely illuminated Horæ and Missals; and an
interesting Fragment in the Autograph of Rousseau.

To be viewed Two Days prior, and Catalogues had; forwarded Free on
receipt of Six Postage Stamps.

PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL
PREPARATIONS.

KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price
of the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's
Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and
pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art.
Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps.

Instructions given in every branch of the Art.

An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens.

GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.

BOOKS SUITABLE FOR CHRISTMAS PRESENTS,

PUBLISHED BY MR. JOHN HENRY PARKER, OXFORD; AND 377.
STRAND, LONDON.

THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER. With Fifty Illustrations, from
Designs by Ancient and Modern Artists. Selected by the REV. H. J. ROSE

and REV. J. W. BURGON. In One handsome Volume, 8vo. The Prayer-
Book is printed in very large type, with the Rubrics in red. Elegantly bound
in antique calf, with vermillion edges, 2l. 2s.

DAILY CHURCH SERVICES.

In One Portable Volume, containing the Prayers and Lessons for Daily Use;
or, the Course of Scripture Readings for the Year, authorised by the Church.
Also, a Table of the Proper Lessons for Sundays and Holydays, with
References to the Pages. Price 10s. 6d., bound; or 16s. in Hayday's
morocco.

This volume will be found equally useful to those who read the Church
Service at home, as for those who use it at church, as the lessons and
services for every day are distinctly marked, forming a very suitable
book for a present. It is also kept by any respectable bookseller in a
variety of elegant bindings.

OF THE IMITATION OF CHRIST. Four Books. By THOMAS à KEMPIS.
A New Edition, revised, handsomely printed in fcap. 8vo., with Vignettes
and red floriated borders taken from the ancient MSS. Cloth, 5s. Also in
antique calf binding, vermillion edges, 10s. 6d.

THE CALENDAR OF THE ANGLICAN CHURCH ILLUSTRATED. With
brief Accounts of the Saints who have Churches dedicated in their Names,
or whose Images are most frequently met with in England; the Early
Christian and Mediæval Symbols: and an Index of Emblems. With
numerous Woodcuts, Fcap. 8vo., 10s. 6d.; or bound in antique calf. 16s.

A HISTORY of the CHURCH OF ENGLAND, to the REVOLUTION of
1688. By the late REV. J. B. S. CARWITHEN, B.D. A new Edition, edited
by the REV. W. R. BROWELL, M.A., 2 vols. small 8vo., 12s.

THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. By JOHN BUNYAN. A New Edition,
adapted by the REV. J. M. NEALE, M.A., for the Use of Children of the
Church of England. Fcap. 8vo., handsomely bound in gilt cloth, with
Woodcuts, 3s. 6d.

TRACTS FOR THE CHRISTIAN SEASONS. First Series. Four Vols.,
cloth, 18s.

TRACTS FOR THE CHRISTIAN SEASONS. Second Series. Four Vols.,
cloth, 15s.

SERMONS FOR THE CHRISTIAN SEASONS. A Series of Plain Sermons
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A PLAIN COMMENTARY on the GOSPEL of ST. MATTHEW, with
numerous Illustrations. Fcap. 8vo., 6s. 6d.

WILSON'S SACRA PRIVATA. From the original MSS. Second Edition.
Fcap. 8vo., antique cloth, red edges, 6s.; antique calf, red edges, 12s.

THE PSALTER AND THE GOSPEL. The Life, Suffering, and Triumph of
our Blessed Lord, revealed in the Book of Psalms. Fcap. 8vo., uniform with
the Plain Commentary on the Four Holy Gospels. 2s.

A selection of the most striking of the parallel passages contained in
the Psalter and the Gospel.

SCOTLAND and the SCOTTISH CHURCH. By the REV. HENRY
CASWALL, M.A., Vicar of Figheldean, Wilts; Author of "America and the
American Church." &c. &c., and a Proctor in Convocation for the Diocese
of Salisbury. Fcap. 8vo., 5s.

A SHORT EXPLANATION of the NICENE CREED, for the Use of
Persons beginning the Study of Theology. By A. P. FORBES, D.C.L.,
Bishop of Brechin. Fcap 8vo., cloth, 6s.

TEN SERMONS IN ILLUSTRATION OF THE CREED. By the REV. W.
G. TUPPER, Warden of the House of Charity, Soho; and late Scholar of
Trinity College, Oxford. Fcap. 8vo., cloth, 4s.

"In his 'Sermons on the Creed,' Mr. Tupper has condensed, with much
painstaking, and an evident sense of deep responsibility, the dogmatic
teaching of the Church."—Christian Remembrancer.

A NEW EDITION of DAILY STEPS TOWARDS HEAVEN. A Small
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with Texts for every Day in the Year, commencing with Advent. Fifth
Edition. In roan binding, gilt edges, 2s. 6d.

DESCRIPTIONS OF CANAAN; being an Account of the Mountains,
Rivers, and Towns of the Holy Land. By the REV. C. P. WILBRAHAM.
Fcap. 8vo., with Map, cloth, 1s.

*** This Manual is particularly adapted to the use of Parochial Schools.

TALES AND STORIES FOR CHRISTMAS.

OLD CHRISTMAS. A Tale. 16mo. 6d.

THE SINGERS OF THE SANCTUARY, and the MISSIONARY. Two
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ANGELS' WORK; or, the Choristers of St. Mark's. Second Edition. 2s.

ANN ASH; or, the History of a Foundling. A Narrative founded on Fact. By
the Author of "Charlie Burton," "The Broken Arm," &c. 18mo. 2s.

KENNETH; or, the Rear Guard of the Grand Army. By the Author of
"Scenes and Characters," "Kings of England," "Heir of Redclyffe," &c.
Second Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 5s.

SPECULATION A Tale. By the REV. W. E. HEYGATE. Fcap. 8vo. 5s.

PASTOR OF WELBOURNE AND HIS FLOCK. 18mo. 2s.

LITTLE MARY. Third Edition. 18mo. 1s.

HENRY VERNON; or, the Little Anglo-Indian. A New Edition. 18mo. 1s.

ADA'S THOUGHTS; or, the Poetry of Youth. Fcap. 8vo., cloth, gilt edges,
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SMALL BOOKS FOR PRESENTS.

THE PRACTICAL CHRISTIAN'S LIBRARY: a Series of Cheap
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s. d.
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The Imitation of Christ (à Kempis) 1 0
Manual of Prayer for the Young (Ken) 0 6
The Golden Grove (Taylor) 0 9
Life of Ambrose Bonwicke 1 0
Life of Bishop Bull (Nelson) 1 6
Companion to the Prayer Book 1 0
Selections from Hooker (Keble) 1 6
Practical Christian (Sherlock). Part I.
4 0
2s.; Part II. 2s.; 1 vol.
Learn to Live (Sutton) 2 0
Doctrine of the English Church (Heylin) 0 8
Holy Living (Bp. Taylor) 1 6
Holy Dying (Bp. Taylor) 1 6
Tracts on the Church (Jones of Nayland) 1 6
The Figurative Language of Holy Scripture
1 6
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Confessions of St. Augustine 1 6
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LITTLE BOOKS FOR PRESENTS,

SELECTED FROM THE PAROCHIAL TRACTS.

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Tracts for Female Penitents, limp 1 6
Tracts on the Prayer Book, cloth 3 0
Daily Office for the Use of Families, roan 1 0
Tales and Allegories, illustrated, cloth, gilt 3 6
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THE PENNY POST for 1853 is now ready, bound in cloth, lettered, with
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JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and 377. Strand, London.

Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish
of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.
Bride, in the City of London; and published by George Bell, of No. 186.
Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
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